Inkqubo yokuseka ubuntwaba ngexesha lobomi okanye emva kokufa koyise womntwana kufuneka kwenziwe xa abazali bomntwana bengatshatanga kunye kwaye akukho ntetho kayise yokuqatshelwa koonyana babo.
Kule nqaku siya kuqwalasela umyalelo wezenzo ezifunekayo ukuseka ububele bomntwana emva kokufa kukayise waseRashiya nase-Ukraine, kuba kukho ukungafani kwenkqubo.
Ukusungula intando emva kokufa kukayise eRashiya
Ngokutsho kweSahluko 27 no-28 seNkqubo yeNkqubo yoLuntu yaseRashiya, ukusekwa kobuntwaba umntwana emva kokufa kukayise kungenziwa kuphela kwinkqubo yenkundla, ngaphandle kokunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa.
Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ukuba ufake ifowuni inkundla ukuba uqaphele ubumzali emva kokufa kunye nobungqina obuxhasa le nyaniso. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba imele imvelaphi yomntwana kumntu othile ofileyo ukufumana kwakhona ifa lakhe okanye ipensheni kumntwana.
Ngokwesahluko 49 seNkcazo yoLuntu yaseRussian Federation, ukuba uyise akaqapheli umntwana okanye akukho bungqina balo, inkundla iya kufuneka ibonise ubungqina bentando, kwaye ngokweSahluko sama-50 seKhowudi yoLwaphulo-mthetho yaseRussian Federation, ukuba kwakukho ukuhlonelwa kobomi ebomini, kusemthethweni kuphela ukuyibeka.
Ingxelo yesibheno ingafakwa:
- unina womntwana;
- umgcini okanye umgcini womntwana;
- ngumntwana, emva kokufika kweminyaka.
Ukubuyisela inyaniso yobomi emva kokufa kukayise, inkundla inokunika ubungqina obunjengoku:
- iileta okanye iingxelo ezithetha ngomntwana;
- ubungqina behlobo kunye nezihlobo;
- ukuhlalisana okanye ukugcinwa kwezinto zomama nomntwana.
Wonke amacandelo anomdla kufuneka amenywe kwiindlebe: izihlobo (izindlalifa) zikayise, iziphathamandla zokugcinwa kunye nommangali.
Emva kokuqaphela inyaniso yentsapho enkundleni, umntwana unikwe onke amalungelo ayeza kuba nawo emva kokufa kukayise xa wayeqatshelwa nguye ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe.
Ukuqatshelwa kobazali emva kokufa kukayise e-Ukraine
Ngokwenene, yonke inkqubo yokuseka ubuntwaba emva kokufa kukayise iyafana neRashiya, umahluko uquka ukusebenzisa iNkqubo yoLuntu kunye nayo yonke imibhalo esemthethweni kunokuba "kusekwe" igama elithi "ukuqaphela" kobodwa kunye nolwahlu lobungqina obubonelelwe enkundleni.
Ukuba umntwana wazalwa ngaphambi kokutholwa kweNkcazo yoLuntu yaseKraine (ngoJanuwari 1, 2004), inkundla inokubonisa ubungqina emva kokuba
- ukuhlalisana kunye nomhlaba oqhelekileyo;
- imfundo jikelele okanye ukugcinwa komntwana;
- ukuqwalaselwa ngobomi bokufa kwakhe.
Kwaye ngokuphathelele abantwana abazalwa emva kukaJanuwari 1, 2004, naluphi na ubungqina bentando yamkelwe ukuba iqwalaselwe yinkantolo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuseka umtshato emva kokufa kukayise, kunokwenjenjalo ukwenza, nangona kungekho ubungqina obhaliweyo kwaye akufuneki ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwe-DNA kule nto.