Umntwana uqala ukuhamba kusasa kakhulu, kodwa umama wokuqala uya kuqala ukuva ukuphazamiseka kokuqala kuphela phakathi kokukhulelwa. Intshukumo yokuqala ye-fetus kunye nokuhamba kokuqala komntwana: yintoni umehluko?
Umntwana akakwazi ukuziva ukuhamba kokuqala komntwana, kodwa nge-ultrasound le ntshukumo ibonakala kwiiveki ezi-7-8. Ziyabonakala kakuhle kangakanani, zidla ngokuxhomekeke kumgangatho wezinto zokusebenza kunye nokulungiselela umfazi okhulelweyo ukuhlolwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhamba / ukunyuka kwe trunk kubonakala. Kwaye ukusuka kwiiveki ezi-11 ukuya ku-14 azibonanga nje ukuba zibonwe, kodwa nokuba zibukele ukuhamba kwamalungu athile omzimba (iingalo nemilenze yomntwana). Ngethuba loviwo, ukunyakaza komntwana ongakazalwa kuhlolwa kwaye i-motor activity yayo ihlolwa. Ukunyakaza kusekhotyana, kodwa ngeveki ezili-16 umntwana ulungelelanisa ukunyakaza kwayo - ngeli xesha le ntokazi ayengayivakalelwa indlela umntwana ehamba ngayo. Kodwa njengoko umntwana ekhula, ukugubha kwayo kuyaqina. Kwaye iiveki ezingama-20 umfazi okhulelweyo uqala ukuziva ukuhamba kokuqala kwe-fetus, ebizwa ngokuba yi-fetal movement.
Ziyaphi iinyanga zokuqala zomntwana ezibonakalayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ngamanye amaxesha umfazi ubonakala evakalelwa kukuba uyasusa umntwana ngaphambi kweveki ezi-14, kodwa oku akunakwenzeka: isiqhamo sincinci, kwaye isisu asivalelanga ngokwaneleyo ukuba uzive ezinje. Ngaphambili kwangethuba, zonke iintshukumo zesisu zibangelwa yi-peristalsis yamathumbu (isahlulo sokutya ngamathumbu).
Kodwa ukususela ekuqaleni kwe-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa kunye nomnxeba omncinci we-fat and uterus ubele, owesifazane okhulelwe unokuziva ukuhamba kokuqala kwe-fetus, ngoko kungenangqondo ukuba kaninzi akayi kubaphulaphula. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhamba kokuqala komntwana kufuneka kubonakale kwiiveki ezi-18 ukuya kuma-24 zokukhulelwa.
Ukuba ngaphezulu kweeveki ezingama-24 zidlulile kwaye akukho zinyango, kufuneka udibanise nogqirha ngokukhawuleza: kufuneka uphulaphule intliziyo yesisu kunye nokwenza i-ultrasound, khangela umsebenzi we-motor fetus. Ukubuthathaka komsebenzi we-fetus kungabonakalisa i-hypoxia enzulu (ukungabikho kwe-oksijini kumntwana) kunye nokuphazamiseka okanye ukulibaziseka kwintsebenziswano yayo evamile.
Izizathu apho kunzima ukuqonda ukuhamba komntwana
Ngamanye amaxesha isizathu sokunyakaza okubuthathaka asinzulu kangako njenge-hypoxia: abanye abafazi banomlinganiselo ophezulu wobubele besisu. Ukunyaniseka kukunye kwesinye isizathu sokuba ibhinqa iqala ukuziva ukuhamba kwexesha elide lomntwana. Ngamanye amaxesha indawo engafanelekanga yefubus kwisibeleko, nayo, ayikuvumeli ukuba uzive uqala ukuphazamisa. Ngokomzekelo, kwimeko yomtsalane womlenze, ukunyakaza kudluliselwa kwi-bladder, kubangela ukuba izibongo ezinqabileyo zihlale zihamba, ezivimbela umntu ukuba ahlule ukunyakaza komntwana kunye neempawu ze-cystitis. Ngomhla, kunye nokunyakaza okusebenzayo, ukunyameka komzimba kunye nesimo se-nervous kwiinqanaba zokuqala, umfazi angaboni ukunyakaza kwe-fetal.
Kule meko, kufuneka sizame ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba kukho ukuhamba okanye ukuhlwa. Emva kweeveki ezingama-28 zokukhulelwa ngeyure nganye, umfazi kufuneka abe nobuncinane ubuncinane be-10-15. Ukuqiniswa okanye ukubuthathaka kwezinto eziphazamisayo zihlala zibonakalisa ukuphulwa kwekhosi eqhelekileyo yokukhulelwa kwaye zifuna ukuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza ngumjozi wezilwanyana.
Uhambo lokuqala lomntwana luvela nini ekukhulelweni kokuqala nokwesibini?
Ekukhulelweni kokuqala, isibeleko asikhathazi kangako, lona wesifazane akanakho amava kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ukunyakaza kokuqala komntwana ovalelwayo xa engaqapheli ukuba sele engafanelekanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubakho ngeveki ye-20 yokukhulelwa. Ukuvuselela okokuqala ngethuba lokukhulelwa kwesibini intombazana ivakalelwa kwiiveki ezimbini ngaphambili. Oku kwenzeka kwiveki ye-18 yokukhulelwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukususela ekuqaleni kwekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Ingxaki yokubeleka komntwana ayinamandla ngakumbi ngokukhulelwa kwesibili, kodwa ukuba ingaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 idlulile phakathi kokukhulelwa kokuqala nokulandelelana, isisu sikhathazeke kakhulu kwaye sikhuphe ngaphezu kokukhulelwa kokuqala. Ewe, kwaye lona wesifazane sele sele uyazi ukuba uyakuqwalasela ntoni. Ngenxa yokuba ukuguqulwa komntwana ekukhulelweni kwesibili kungabonakali ngaphambili, khuphela nje ukulibala le mvakalelo intokazi engenako kwaye iza kukwazi ngokukhawuleza.