Ukugonywa, ngaphezu kokusebenza kakuhle, kufuneka kukhuseleke. Ukuze ulandele le miqathango, kufuneka ukwazi uluhlu lweengqinisiso zokugonywa. Ezi zingqinisiso zinokuphela kwaye zihambelana. Ukuba imeko ye-post-vaccination ingakhokelela kwiimeko zokusongela ubomi, ngoko ke ukuchaswa okunjalo kuthathwa njengento epheleleyo. Ezi ziquka:
- impendulo enzima kumntwana kwi-vaccine efanayo eyenziwe ngaphambili (ukushisa ngaphezu kwama-40 degrees, ukuvuvukala, ubomvu ngaphezu kwe-8 cm);
- iingxaki ezivela emva kokungeniswa kwesantya esifanayo sokugonya (ukuwa - ukuphosa okucinileyo kwingcinezelo, ukutshitshiswa kwe-anaphylactic, encephalitis, ukuxinwa);
- I-immunodeficiency states ("live") izitofu zichasene, "zibulawa" izitofu azichaswanga, kodwa zingenakho ukukhokelela ekuphuhliseni ukukhuselana).
Iingqinisiso zokungqinelana zithathwa njengeemeko zisesigxina apho umzimba ongenakufezekiswa khona:
- I-SARS isebenza ngokushisa okuphezulu. Ukugonywa kuhlehliselwe umhla ozayo;
- ubukho besifo esilula asikwazi ukuchasana nokugonya, ukuba umntwana uhlala egula nge-ARVI;
- Ukuba kukho ukugula okungapheliyo kumntwana, ke kufuneka kuqhagamshelwano lweengcali;
- Emva kokumpontshelwa igazi, ugonyo olucwangcisiweyo kufuneka luhlehliselwe iinyanga ezintathu;
- Iintsana zokuqala zigonyelwe kuphela xa zifumana inzuzo enzima.
Ukungqinelana nokugonya iMantou yile:
- izikhumba;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo kwinqanaba lokuxhatshazwa;
- ukuhluthwa;
- ukungahambi.
Kwiiqela apho indawo yokutyalwa kwamagumbi ekwaziswa ngokusasazeka kwabantwana, ukufakwa kweesampuli zeMantoux akuvumelekile.
Ukungqinelana nokugonywa kwe-polio kulandelayo:
- Umntwana unesimo sokuzikhusela komzimba okanye umntwana udibana nomntu onomzimba wokuzivikela;
Inyolo yokulwa nesifo se-hepatitis B ineenkalo ezingqinelanayo:
- ukungahambisani nemvubelo yokutya;
- ukunganyamezelani kwamalungu ngamnye eziyobisi;
- kwakukho ukusabela okwenyathelo lokulawula ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngexesha langaphambili;
- bushushu obuphakamileyo.
Ukugonywa kwe-DTP kunqatshelwe ukuba:
- umntwana uyagula nayiphi na isifo esithathelwanayo;
- emva kokugonywa kwangaphambili, umntwana wayene-encephalopathy okanye ukunyanyiswa kwe-anaphylactic.
Ukungqinelana nokugonywa kwe-BCG kukuba:
- immunodeficiency states;
- izihlamba ezibi;
- ngaphambili kwakukho ukusabela okuqinileyo kwisitofu sokugonywa kwangaphambili.
Iingcali zoogqirha kufuneka zixelele abazali naluphi na ukuphikisana nokugonya kweyiphi na iigcino. Kwaye kuba abazali ukuba bathathe isigqibo sokuba bangagonywa umntwana okanye cha, bafanele baqonde kakuhle into abaya kuyo, benqabe ukugonya umntwana.