Umba wophuhliso olufanelekileyo, ukondla nokukhula kubaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abazali. Abantwana bazalwa ngokuphakama nobunzima obuhlukeneyo, kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba zezi zikhombisi, bonke oomama nabantwana abancinane balandela ngokunyanisekileyo ukukhula komzimba komntwana wabo. Qinisekisa ukuba ukukhula okungakanani umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa kungaba kwi-ultrasound ngexesha lokugqibela lokukhulelwa. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukukhula kunye nesisindo somntwana ongakazalwa sisondlo esipheleleyo somfazi okhulelweyo kunye nomsebenzi wokwenyama.
I-World Health Organization iphakamisa imithetho ethile yokukhula kwabantwana. Le mi miselo yaqulunqwa ngenxa yezifundo ezide kunye nokulinga. Iingcali zenzululwazi zithi izimo ezintle zokuphuhliswa kwiinyanga zokuqala zokuphila kunye nesondlo esifanelekileyo, zithintela ukukhula kunye nokunyaniseka komntwana ngendlela yokuba ezi zikhokelo ziwela kwixabiso elithile. Oku kuthetha ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi iplanethi apho umntwana azalwa khona, ukukhula kunye nobunzima bayo kungabonisa indlela efanelekileyo ngayo ukuphuhliswa kwayo. Ngokwemvelo, bonke abantwana ngabanye kwaye kukho ukuphambuka kwiixabiso ezilinganisiweyo, kodwa, njengommiselo, awubalulekanga. Ngokwezifundo, ukukhula komyinge kumntwana kunika impilo engcono, kodwa ukukhula okuphezulu komntwana kunokumzisa iingxaki ezibalulekileyo.
IiRhafu zokuKhula kwabantwana
Imigangatho yokukhula kunye nesisindo samantombazana kunye namakhwenkwe ahluke. Ixesha lokukhula kakhulu kunabantu kubokuqala kweenyanga zobomi kunye nexesha lokushicilela. Njengomthetho, ukukhula komntu kugqityiwe uneminyaka engama-20-ukuphela kobuntwaba.
1. Ireyithi yokukhula kwabantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye. Njengomthetho, amakhwenkwe azalwa awona mkhulu kunamantombazana. Ukuphakama komyinge ekuzalweni kwamakhwenkwe kungama-47-54 cm, ngamantombazana - 46-53 cm Ngenyanga yokuqala, abaninzi abantwana banokufumana u-3 cm ukuphakama. Ngokutya okunempilo nokunomsoco, abantwana bathabatha malunga no-2 cm ngenyanga malunga nonyaka. Kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 zokugqibela, eli nani lingancipha ukuya kwi-1 cm. Ithebhile ibonisa izinga lokukhula kwamakhwenkwe namantombazana ukuya kunyaka.
Ukukhula kunye nobudala bomntwana
| Ubudala | Umfana | Intombazana |
|---|---|---|
| 0 iinyanga | 47-54 cm | 46-53 cm |
| 1 inyanga | 50-56 cm | 49-57 cm |
| Iinyanga ezimbini | 53-59 cm | 51-60 cm |
| Iinyanga ezintathu | 56-62 cm | 54-62 cm |
| Iinyanga ezine | 58-65 cm | 56-65 cm |
| Iinyanga ezintlanu | 60-67 cm | 59-68 cm |
| Iinyanga ezintandathu | 62-70 cm | 60-70 cm |
| Iinyanga ezili-7 | 64-72 cm | 62-71 cm |
| Iinyanga ezili-8 | 66-74 cm | 64-73 cm |
| Iinyanga ezili-9 | 68-77 cm | 66-75 cm |
| Iinyanga ezili-10 | 69-78 cm | 67-76 cm |
| Ezili-11 inyanga | 70-80 cm | 68-78 cm |
| Iinyanga ezili-12 | 71-81 cm | 69-79 cm |
Ukwandisa ukukhula komntwana ukuya kunyaka, ukuncelisa kuncelisa. Izifundo ezininzi zibonisa ukuba abantwana abondla ubisi lwebele kubaluleke kakhulu phambi kokukhula kunye nokunyaniseka kweentsana ezincinci.
2. Imigangatho yokukhula kwabaselula. Iimpawu zophuhliso zabafana kunye namantombazana ebusheni ziyahluka. Oku kubangelwa kukuba inamakhwenkwe namantombazana ukuqala kobuntwaba kwenzeka ngexesha elide.
Kwimantombazana, ubuntwaba buqala ngo-11-12 iminyaka. Eli xesha libonakaliswa ngokukhula okukhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kule minyaka, amantombazana athatha ukukhula kwabantwana afunda nabo.
Ngamakhwenkwe, ukutshatyalaliswa kuqala ku-12-13 iminyaka. Kule minyaka, abafana bayakwazi ukufumana kunye nokugqithisa amantombazana. Kususela kwiminyaka eyi-12 ukuya kwe-15, abafana banokufumana u-8 cm ekukhuleni ngonyaka.
Iingxaki zokukhula kwabantwana abaphezulu
Nangona ukukhula okuphezulu kwinkwenkwana okanye intombazana ithathwa njengento ekhangelekile, ukuba umntwana uphakeme kakhulu, ke abazali banesizathu sokukhathazeka.
Ukukhula okukhawulezayo nokugqithiseleyo kumntwana kunokubangelwa yi-tumor ye-pituitary eyenza i-hormone yokukhula kubantwana. Kubantwana abakhulu, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabanye, kukho ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo yesifo kunye nezifo zamalungu angaphakathi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana abaphakamileyo banenkxalabo yokwanda kwamalungu. Ngaphandle, esi sifo sibonakaliswe ngenguqu kwi-circumference yentloko, ukwanda okwenyuka kweenyawo nezandla.
Ukuba umntwana uyona mde kunabo bonke eklasini, ngaba abazali bafanele bawubonise kwi-endocrinologist ukuphepha ezinye iingxaki.
Umlinganiselo wokukhula komntwana
Kukho umzekelo okhethekileyo wokukhula komntwana, ngenxa yokuba unokufumana ukukhula okusemgangathweni kwintombazana.
Kumantombazana, ifomula ibalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: (ukukhula kukababa + ukuphakama kukaMama - 12.5 cm) / 2.
Kubafana, ukukhula okuphezulu kubalwa ngale ndlela: (ukukhula kukayise + ukuphakama kukaMama + 12.5 cm) / 2.
Siyabulela kule fomula, abazali banokumisela ukuba umntwana wabo ulahla emva okanye ukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba umntwana ulahla emva kokukhula kwaye ahlupheke ngesondlo esilahlwempu, ngaba abazali nabo banesizathu sokukhathazeka. Ukwanda okuncinci ekukhuleni kunokuthetha ukuba umntwana akafumani izinto ezifunekayo kunye namavithamini ukuphuhliso oluqhelekileyo. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya ukutya kwansuku zonke komntwana kunye nokubonisana nodokotela wezingane. Mhlawumbi, ukongeza kwisondlo esifanelekileyo, iivithamini ziya kubakho ukukhula kwabantwana.