Ukugonywa kwepeyari entwasahlobo yabaqalayo-zonke iimfihlo zenkqubo

Ukusebenza okunomtsalane okunjengeepare entwasahlobo kubaqalayo, kuyinqweneleka ukufunda bonke abanikazi begadi zangasese. Ukuba ufunde le nkqubo, uya kukwazi ukuhlaziya imithi ngexesha elifutshane, ukwandisa isivuno sakho, uya kuba nakho ukudala iimvumi ezimangalisayo kumalungu akho.

Inoculation of pear entwasahlobo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwintloni yomlimi, intlobo ekhethiweyo yemithi yezityalo ayikwazi ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwiqhinga layo. Ngamanye amaxesha abathengisi abangenangqiqo bavumela ukuhlaziywa kwakhona, ngokukhahlela ngamabomu izilwanyana okanye izityalo kwiimarike kunye neziqhamo ezingenakusihlwa. Kwezinye iimeko, iindidi ezifunekayo zikhupha okanye zikhula kakuhle kwiingcambu. Ukugonywa kwentwasahlobo yepey iyakunceda ukuphelisa iingxaki ezifumanekayo. Ukwenza oku, umninimzi kufuneka aqale ukufunda ubugcisa belo msebenzi, fumana umxholo wokuqulunqwa kweendidi ezifunekayo kunye ne-stock quality.

Ziziphi iinjongo zokugonywa kwepeyari entwasahlobo kubaqalayo:

1. Indlela esheshayo yokuvuselela imithi.
2. Ithuba elihle labaqalisi ukuphucula isivuno somyezo.
3. Ukuphucula ukunyamezela kwamaqabunga eentlobo zeepere.
4. Ukuqinisa ukumelana nokushisa kunye nesomiso.
5. Umgadi wezolimo uya kuba nako ukunika isityalo into efunwayo.
6. Unceda ukukhusela amandla okukhula.
7. Qalisa ngokukhawuleza entwasahlobo iintlobo ezizithandayo, ngaphandle kokutshala izityalo ezintsha.
8. Eli lithuba elihle labaqalayo ukuvelisa ukutshintshwa kwesigontsho seepereyithi ngeempawu ezinganelisekanga.
9. Fumana kwiintlobo zezityalo ezihlukeneyo ngexesha elilodwa.

Isikhathi sokugonywa kwepayari entwasahlobo

Abalimi abanolwazi baye bafunda ukuvelisa esi siganeko, kokubili ekuqaleni kwexesha elifudumeleyo, nasehlotyeni. Kungcono ukusebenzisa iintsuku zentsuku zentsuku yokugoma, xa izinga lokusinda liphezulu. Kunzima ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo umhla weemimandla eyahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwimozulu kunye nezinto ezikhethileyo zemozulu yendawo. Kucetyiswa ukuba ungayi kuqalisa umsebenzi kude usongelo lokugqithisa kwamaqabunga, amahlumela ahlanganisiweyo ahlala ebulawa ngubanda. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuqala kwimiyezo liqala ngokuqala kokuqhuma umthamo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ihluma ihlume okanye iqhume.

Ziziphi iintlobo zokucoca kufuneka ndizithabathele?

Abafaki bezicelo kufuneka bafunde ukuba badinga ukuvuna izinto ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwesiganeko esicetywayo ekwindla konyaka odlulileyo. Iqhezu elincinane lesigxinci lixhomekeke kwi-inoculation efanele yepeyari. Ukuba iqhosha likhethiweyo kwaye ligcinwe ngokungalunganga, ke ixesha elipheleleyo liya kuchitha inkunkuma. Kukho imfihlelo emininzi, indlela yokukhetha, ukugcina nokuchanekileyo ukulungiselela amahlumela okugonywa:

1. Siyinqumle iinqununu kunye neepayipi ezithengayo.
2. Sisebenzisa i-inoculation entwasahlobo kuphela izihlumela zonyaka.
3. Abaqalayo kufuneka banqumle umxholo kwinqanaba elingaphandle nelinye eliqhelekileyo.
4. Ilungele kakuhle kwi-scion ye-middle tier.
5. Impawu ezibonakalayo zebillet - ubude ukuya kwi-40 cm, ubukhulu malunga ne-7 mm, ukudubula ngeentso ezivakalisiweyo kwisixa semali engama-5 kunye nee-interstic ezifutshane.
6. Eyona nto igcinwe kude kube yintsimbi yeentshizi kunye nenxalenye encinane (ukuya kwi-2 cm).
7. Abaqalayo bayacetyiswa ukuba banqamle izinto ezibhalwe kwi-graft kunye nomda
8. Kungcono ukwenza i-blank in fall to severe frosts, kodwa emva kokuphazamiseka kwamapare.
9. Indawo ye-scion - kwikhephu, kwiindawo zokuhlala ezingekho phantsi kwendawo, kwi-sawdust, kwentlabathi enomanzi.

Izindlela zokuxhoma ipeyari

Iintlobo zentwasahlobo ezisemgangathweni zokuhlanganiswa kwemithi yegadi, ziququzelele kunye ne-inoculation nge-handle. Ukuzaliswa ngamehlo kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwixesha lasehlotyeni - ukusuka ngoJulayi. Inoculation of cuttings of pear nge cuttings entwasahlobo kulula ukwenza kwaye, ngokugcinwa kwemithetho jikelele, inika iziphumo ezintle. Indlela efanelekileyo yokuvelisa lo msebenzi ikhethiweyo kuxhomekeke kububanzi besitokhi kunye nomsebenzi okhoyo.

Izindlela zokufakelwa kwamapheya entwasahlobo kubaqalayo:

1. UkuCwangcisa. Sakhetha amacwecwe obunzima obufanayo kunye nesitokisi. Ukunqunyulwa kwenziwa ngamasebe amabini ngokulinganayo kwinqanaba elifanayo malunga ne-30 °. Beka ulungelelwaniso oluqiniweyo ngokukodwa kwifilimu.
2. Kwi-cleavage. Indlela enhle yabaqalisi ukuvuselela iiperi entwasahlobo. Kwisiqwenga sesiganeko esifanelekileyo, izicucu ezininzi zingafakwa ngexesha elilodwa. Ubungakanani obude be-hemp buyi-30 cm, ubude be-cleft bu-5 cm.
3. I-half-cleved. Ukwahluke kwiintlobo zangaphambili kukuba ukwahlukana kwentwasahlobo kuqhutyelwa kwelinye icala lomquba ngaphantsi kokusika.
4. Kwi-bark. Kwi-bark yesitokisi, isicatshulwa esisodwa senziwe sibe ngu-5 cm ubude, apho ulwahlulo olubukhali lufakwe ngenyameko.

Nguwuphi umthi onokutyalelwa ngomthi?

Kwabaqalayo kuya kuba lunomdla wokuba ugonyo lwepereji luqhutywe ngempumelelo kwiintlobo ezininzi zeegadi zezityalo. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba imithi yodwa yembewu imithi ifanelekile kulo msebenzi. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-quince, ziphumelele kwaye zihlala zisetyenziselwa kwiindawo ezizimeleyo kunye nabafama, kodwa ezinye iindlela ezininzi azizisebenzisi kangako ukulima kwintyatyambo.

Yintoni enokugonya ipayari entwasahlobo yabaqalayo:

• kwiimbewu zeepare;
• rowan;
• iipulo;
• bongoza;
• hawthorn;
• quince;
• ikotoni.

Inoculation of pear entwasahlobo kwi-apula

Ezi nkcubeko zilamane esondeleyo, ngoko ke, xa kugcinwa imigaqo yokugonya, izinga lokusinda nakwizithandane zithandana zifikelela kuma-90%. Ukungalunganga kokufakela iipare kwi-apula umthi kubandakanya ukugatywa kwe-graft, eyenzeka emva kweminyaka emininzi emva kokuxuba ngenxa yokungahambelani ngokupheleleyo. Abalimi abanolwazi bazisombulula ingxaki ngokusebenzisa i-inserted intercalary okanye i-perevrivivki eyalandelayo ekukhuleni kwesi sityalo kakade kwelinye isebe. Ukukhula ngaphezu konyaka kwi juice ye-apula

Inoculation of pear kwi-ash ash

Ukugonywa kwentwasahlobo yasekuqaleni kwipayari kwindlovu yeentaba kunobungozi. Ngenxa yoko, kufumaneka izityalo ezincinci, ezingenamanzi emhlabathini okhukhulayo ngexesha lekhephu echithwa. Iziphumo ezigqwesileyo zinikwe ngokusetyenziswa kwe-ashwood ash mountain ash njengempahla yesitokisi, iintlobo zezityalo ezimnyama ziba zimbi kwaye ziyancipha. Masithi ngamanye amanzuzo ekusebenziseni i-ash ash kwi-rootstock:

1. Ubude obufutshane bexesha lokukhula kweemimandla ezidibeneyo.
2. Ukuqukiswa kweeshukela kwizityalo.
3. Ukufunyanwa kwamapheya ngeentlobo zentanga.
4. Amapheya akhulile entanyeni yentaba, ahluke inyama enomileyo.

Ndinokuyitya i-pear kwi-plum?

Imizamo yokutyala ipeyari kwi-plum ayiyi kuphumelela kubalimi bokuqala. Izityalo zePine kwimithi yezityalo zamatye aziyizimpande, kwaye ukuba kukho ixesha lokuphepha kwaye liya kuba luhlaza, kungekudala kuya kufa. Amafomu ovavanyo angaba nomdla ekusebenziseni iplamu njengengcambu ye-original cherry, cherry, i-apricot kunye ne-peach.

Ndinokuyinyaka ipeyari kwi-quince?

IQuince isitulo esithandwayo samapheya, kodwa kungekhona zonke iintlobo ezifanelekileyo kule njongo. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho ikhefu le-trunk, ukukhula kukufutshane kwaye kudla ngokuphula. Ngemiphumo emihle, unokufumana umthi ophantsi, oya kusindisa indawo kwisayithi. Ukuba i-novice inomdla wokufakela i-pear kwi-quince, ke kukho ithuba lokuzama ukuyicombulula le ngxaki ngokufaka ibanga eliphakathi.

Amanye amapheya ahambelana ne-quince:

• Bere Kiev;
• U kunyanga;
• Taurian;
• Dessert;
• IParis;
• Platonovskaya;
• Smerichka;
• Bere Ardanton;
• Ilyinka;
• Lymonka.

Iyahambelani neepriy pears:

• Bere Bosk;
• Duchesse Xhosa;
• UDkt Lucius;
• Maliychanka;
• Berè Clercio;
• Uhlobo lwebusika;
• Clapp ozithandayo;
• URosie Red Bartlett;
• UCharles Cogne.