Umama ngamnye wexesha elizayo leenyanga ezilisithoba ukhangele phambili ukudibana nomntwana wakhe kunye nokukhangela zonke iindlela zokubala ixesha lokubeletha okulindelekileyo. Ukubala ubudala bokubaluleka kubaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni umhla wokuhambisa. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokubala ubude bokukhulelwa nokubeletha: nyanga zonke, uvavanyo lwe-gynecological, i-chorionic gonadotropin level, kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound. Siza kuqhelana neendlela eziphambili zokumisela ixesha lokukhulelwa nokubeletha.
Ukubalwa kokukhulelwa kwenyanga kunye nokuvuna
Ukugqiba ixesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokuzalwa okuzayo, ukuhamba kwexesha lokugqibela usebenzisa i-formula ye-Negele. Ngenxa yoko, ukususela kwimihla yokugqibela, kufuneka ukuba uthathe iinyanga ezintathu kwaye wongeze iintsuku ezisixhenxe. Ngoko ke, ukuba usuku lokuqala lokuhamba kwakhe kwaba ngowama-3 ku-Epreli, ixesha lokuhanjiswa okulindelekileyo liya kuba ngo-10 kuJanuwari. Le ndlela yokubala umhla wokuzalwa ifanelekile kuphela kulabo abanomjikelezo oqhelekileyo wokuya esikhathini kwaye ihlala iintsuku ezingama-28.
Bala ixesha lokunyuka kwesifo sokuvuthwa kunokwenzeka ukuba loo mfazi unomjikelezo oqhelekileyo wokuya esikhathini. Ngaloo ndlela, ngomjikelezo wezinsuku ezingama-28, ukwenziwa kwe-ovulation kwenzeka ngomhla we-14. Ukuba ibhinqa likhumbula ngokuchanekileyo umhla wokulala ngesondo esingakhuselekanga, ngoko kuya kuba nzima ukubala usuku lokuzalwa.
Ukubalwa kwexesha lokunyamekela kwinqanaba le-chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
I-griadotropin ye-chorionic i-hormone ephakama ngosuku lwesihlanu lokukhulelwa kwaye ingaba ngumqathango wokuqala wokukhulelwa. Yonke imihla elandelayo, izinga le-hCG egazini landa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga le-chorionic gonadotropin landa ngama-60-100% nganye iintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3. Kukho iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokukhula kwe-chorionic gonadotropin ngexesha elithile lokukhulelwa. Umzekelo, kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwe-2 zokukhulelwa, izinga le-β-HCG li-25 - 156 mU / ml, kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwe-4 - ii-1110-31,500 mU / ml, kwaye kwiiveki ezingama-5 zingama-82,300 mU / ml. Ngaloo ndlela, ukufundwa kokukhula kwe-hormone, kuya kubala ixesha lokukhulelwa kwiindawo zokuqala.
Ukubala ngokuchanekileyo kwexesha lobudala
Ukuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokuzalwa okuzayo kungenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kunye ne-ultrasound. Xa uvavanyo lwama-gynecological, ubukhulu bombele bubekwe, obuhambelana neqanda le inkukhu kwiiveki ezi-4, kwaye kwiiveki ezi-8 ukuya kwi-goose. Amava amaninzi ugqirha-gynecologist, ngokuchanekileyo uya kuba nako ukubala ubude bokukhulelwa kunye nokulindeleka kwezibonelelo.
Ukubalwa kokukhulelwa kwi-ultrasound (i-ultrasound) kukwazisa ngakumbi kumanyathelo okuqala (ukuya kwiiveki ezi-8 ukuya kwezi-12). Emva kweeveki ezili-12, ubukhulu bomntwana buxhomekeke kwiimpawu zokuphuhliswa kwayo (iimpawu zokujikeleza kwegazi kwi-placenta, unyango lwe-intrauterine, iimpawu zomgaqo-siseko womfazi okhulelwe). Emva kweveki ye-20 yokukhulelwa, ukuchaneka kokugqiba ixesha lokukhulelwa kuyahla kwehla. Ngoko ke, ukuba ibhinqa ifunyanwe ukuba ne-intrauterine ukukhula kwexesha lokutsala kwi-trimester yesithathu, ngoko akufanele ucasuke kwaye uvale i-alamu, mhlawumbi unesiqhamo esincinane.
Ukubalwa kwexesha lokunyuka kwesantya sokunyakaza kokuqala komntwana
AbaPhambili baqala ukuziva ukuba umntwana uhamba ukusuka kwiiveki ezingama-18 ukuya kwei-20, kwaye zivela kwiiveki ezi-15 ukuya kwezi-16 ubudala. Oku kubangelwa kukuba ububele bomama ozayo, obesele besazi uvuyo lwabazali, luphakamileyo kakhulu kunalowo odlulayo konke okokuqala ngqa.
Sichaza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumana ukukhulelwa kunye nosuku olulindelekileyo lokuhanjiswa: ikhalenda, ifomu kunye neetafile zokubala iminyaka yobudala obungasetyenziselwa kuphela oomama, kodwa kunye nababelethi babo. Akufanele lilibale ukuba usuku lokuzalwa oluchanekileyo luhambelana neeveki ezingama-40 zokukhulelwa, kwaye ukuzalwa okuqhelekileyo kunokuqala kwixesha elivela kwiiveki ezingama-37 ukuya kwii-42.