Iliso yinkqubo yokukhanya apho iindawo ezikhanyayo zijolise kwi-retina, ukudala imifanekiso. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo kwijiso lomuntu li malunga ne-23,5 mm, kodwa kwezinye iimeko kukho ukuphulwa kwesi sikhundla esiphambili kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iingxaki zombono. Esi sifo esiqhelekileyo sisifo se-myopia, okanye njengoko kubizwa ngokuba yi-myopia.
Yintoni i-myopia ephakathi?
Kwiyeza, i-myopia ihlulwe ngamadridi amathathu: ababuthathaka, abaphakathi kunye abanzima.
Nge-myopia ephakathi, i-acuity ebonakalayo ihluka ukusuka kwi-diopters -3 ukuya -6.
Ukuba i-myopia yezinga elibuthathaka ayinakubangela ukungaxhamli okhethekileyo kwaye kwisigaba sokuqala akufuneki ukuba iiglasi okanye iilensi, ngoko kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa i-myopia (iilazi okanye iilensi) ziyimfuneko. Ukongezelela, kwinqanaba elinikeziweyo le-myopia, iimbini zombini zeglasi ziyakuthi zibekiwe: enye yokulungiswa ngokupheleleyo, umgama, kunye ne-1.5-3 diopters ngaphantsi kokufunda nokusebenza kunye nezinto ezikufutshane. Kananjalo, ngokuqala ngeqondo eliphakathi, i-bifocals isetyenziswa rhoqo: oko kukuthi, iiglasi kunye neilensi ezidibeneyo, apho kwisiqingatha esiphezulu kukho iilensi ezinamandla, ukujonga izinto ezikude, kunye nezantsi-ezibuthathaka, ekufundeni.
I-Myopia yezinga eliphakathi kunye ne-astigmatism
I-Astigmatism yinto enye yokuphazamiseka kombono, ovela ekubeni i-cornea inesimo esingavumelekanga. Ngako oko, amandla ayo okubuyisela ahluke, kwaye imida ayigxininisekanga kwinqanaba elinye, kodwa ngeqela. Ngenxa yoko, izinto ziphosakele kwaye zilahlekelwe ngokucacileyo. I-Astigmatism ikwazi ukubonakalisa, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ibonwa kunye kunye ne-myopia. Ngaphezu koko, phambi koMyopia, i-astigmatism ingabonakali ekuqaleni. Kodwa ukuba awukwazi ukulungisa i-myopia ngama-lens eziqhelekileyo, i-astigmatism iyakwenzeka. Kule meko, ukubuyisela ubungqina obuqhelekileyo bokubonakala, iilensi ezikhethekileyo ziyadingeka, ukulungiswa kungekuphela nje kokubona, kodwa nesi siphene.
Ukunyangwa kwe-degree degree myopia
Ukulungiswa kwindlela esondeleyo kwiindlela zokwelapha akunakwenzeka. Umntu unokubuyisela ubuqili obubonakalayo ngoncedo lwezixhobo zokulungisa ezikhethekileyo: iilazi okanye iilensi, kodwa akukho. Ngaphandle koko, unyango lweziyobisi, i-physiotherapy, i-gymnastics yamehlo ayijolise kunyango, kodwa ngokugcina umbono kunye nokuthintela inkqubela ye-myopia.
Ukuba kukho i-myopia engeyiyo ihamba phambili kwinqanaba eliphakathi kwamehlo omabili, ngoko umbono ungakulungiswa. Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo ukulungisa i-myopia yesimodareyitha yokulungiswa kombono. Ngoxa uncedwa yi-laser, ukuma kweenguqu ze-cornea, okwenza kube yilensi eyongezelelweyo kwaye inceda ukufumana ingqwalasela eyiyo.
Xa umbono uhlahloka ngaphezu kwe-1 diopter ngonyaka, kuthiwa nge-myopia eqhubekayo yezinga eliphakathi. I-myopia enjalo kunye nexesha, ukuba ingayeki ukuphuhliswa kwayo, iya kwizinga elibi. Ukuba iindlela zokuzikhusela ziyayeka ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo akunakwenzeka, ngoko uthabathe ukungenelela kokukhawuleza, kodwa injongo yayo ngokuyinhloko kukunciphisa ukutshabalalisa
Ukulinganiselwa kumlinganiselo wokumodareyitha wokumodareyitha
Ngeqondo elilinganayo le-myopia, imidlalo kufuneka iphathwe ngokucophelela kunokuba ibe neqondo elincinane. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuphepha imithwalo engqongqo, ngoko izigqibo malunga nokuvunyelwa kwemidlalo ethile kufuneka zithathwe yi-oculist.
Abantu abatsha abaye baqashwa emkhosini, kunye ne-degree degree myopia, bahlelwe kwicandelo B kwaye babonwa njengento engaphelelanga.