I-hypersensity of the organism to stimuli yafunyanwa kuqala ngo-1906. Okwangoku, isifo sisifo esiqhelekileyo, esinama-85% ebantwini behlabathi abaneengxaki zabo. Nangona kungekho nonyango olululo lweli pathologia, umntu unokuthintela ukuphindaphinda kwakhona xa umntu eyazi kakuhle izizathu zokugqithisa.
Uphuhliso olunjani lukhula njani?
Inxaxheba ephambili ekubonakaleni kweempawu zesifo esikulo mbuzo ayikhuseli. Inkqubo yokuphuhliswa kwezinto ezingabonakaliyo iyakwazi ukwahlula zibe zigaba ezi-2:
- Ukuqulunqwa kwezakhiwo ezikhuselekileyo. Xa i-irritant ingena emzimbeni ngokokuqala ngqa, ukukhuseleka komntu ojongene neengxaki zentlungu kubona izinto ezingekho nangozi, njengama-antigen. Inkqubo yokukhusela ivelisa i-immunoglobulins I-IgE-proteins eyenzelwe ukuqeda "abahlaseli". Zidibanisa kunye neeseli zesitrasi (i-mastocyte) kunye ne-basophil, zisebenza njengenkxaso. Ezi "manyano" zijikeleza egazini kwaye zihlala kwizitho ezahlukeneyo (impumlo, imiphunga, isisu, isikhumba nabanye).
- Impendulo yamathambo. Izizathu eziyinyaniso zokudityaniswa komzimba ziyi-activation of complexes. Ukuba umzimba uphinde uxhumane nezinto ezibangele ukuveliswa kwe-IgE, iiseli zesigxina kunye ne-basophil ziza kubonakalisa le mkhuhlane, zigqityise i-chemical compound-histamine. Iyakhupha impendulo ngokukhawuleza kwindlela yokubonakaliswa kwezibonakaliso zeklinikhi: ukwandiswa kwamaplasilla, i-muscle ye-muscle elula, ukunyuka kwegazi, i-edema kunye nokuvuvukala.
Izizathu zokugula
Ukubangela ukuba isifo sengqondo senkqubo yokukhusela i-stimuli ingaba yinani elikhulu lezinto zangaphandle nangaphakathi. Kukunzima ukubeka izizathu ezichanekileyo zecala elithile, kuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana, zonke zazo zinikwe uhlobo oluthile lweprotein ye-IgE. Ngamanye amaxesha umntu omnye unesifo sengqondo se-hypersensitivity ukuya kuma-antigens amaninzi, kwaye ukuphendula kwabo kuya kwenzeka kanyekanye.
Iintlobo eziphambili zokungabikho komzimba kubantu abadala:
- ukutya - naluphi ukutya, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ubisi, i-citrus, intlanzi, inyama, amajikijolo, amanqatha;
- uthuli lomhlaba, iimveliso zokucoca ioli, isikhokelo;
- inambuzane - iindile, i-microclimis, i-bloodsucking and insects, izigulane;
- i-epidermal - isikhumba esikhatyelwayo somntu, intsiba, uboya, i-fool, i-saliva kunye nenkunkuma yezilwanyana;
- i-fungal - isikhunta, imvubelo;
- impova - impova yezityalo;
- i-helminthic - antigens yeepasisiti;
- indlela yokwelapha - yezobisi.
Izinto ezongezelelweyo ezibangela impendulo ye-immune ye-pathological:
- iziphumo zomoya;
- amava;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
I-Sunergy yezilwanyana - Iibangela
Indlela echazwe ngayo yesifo ibizwa ngokuba yi-photosensitization. Umntu ngamnye unomdla wokutshatyalaliswa kwelanga - i-acne, amabala, ukuvuvukala, ukuqina kwesikhumba kunye nezinye iimpawu zihamba neengxaki ezibonisiweyo. I-radiviolet i-radiation ngokwayo ayiyonto. Isizathu saloo nto yokungabikho komzimba kukuba khona kwi-body ofactive agents okanye i-photosensitizers - izinto ezikhethekileyo ezivusa ukuphendula kwe-pathological immune under the influence of the sun. Zihlala zifumaneka kubantu abanomdla wesikhumba seCeltic, abagula nge-Gunter syndrome kunye ne-pellagra.
Ngamanye amaxesha abafaki beefoto bawela emzimbeni ngaphandle. Ziqulethwe kwimveliso kunye nezinto ezilandelayo:
- izimonyo zokucoceka;
- iimpahla zeekhemikhali zasekhaya;
- ngephunga;
- amalungiselelo amayeza;
- izongezo zokutya;
- upende nge tattoos;
- ukuxutywa kweemveliso.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwezilwanyana - izizathu
Kule meko, ukukhuseleka kubonwa ngeprotheyini njenge-antigen. Itholakala kwiboya, umchamo, umquba, iincinci zesikhumba kunye neengcambu zeekati, ngoko naluphi na uqhagamshelwano kunye nezilwanyana ezibangelwa yinkqubo yokukhusela kwangoko. Ngokukodwa abantu abakhubazekayo , ukuxhatshazwa kwezilwanyana zonke iintlobo ziyabonwa, ezinye izigulane zixhomekeke kuphela kwiintlobo ezithile okanye umntu othile. Ngokuqhelekileyo eso sifo siyaqhubeka, kwaye umntu ongathinteli ukudibanisa neekati, uya kuqala ukuphendula ngokufanayo nezinja, onogwaja, amahashe kunye nezinye izilwanyana.
Ukutya kokutya - ezibangela
Abantu abaninzi banokuxhamla kwi-hypersensitive ukutya ezithile okanye izixhobo zabo. Le meko ithathwa njengeyinyaniso yokungabikho komzimba, kuphela ukuba iimpawu ze-pathological response immune response and IgE secretion, kakhulu kunqabile, malunga ne-2% yabemi behlabathi. Kwezinye iimeko, ukunyamezela kwisidlo esithile kunokufunyanwa.
Kucaciswe ukuba isifo esicatshungulwayo sisoloko sinobuhlobo bemvelo, kodwa zonke izizathu zokutya okungekho mzimba zingakacaciswa. Nayiphi na imveliso inokukhupha izibonakaliso ze-hypersensitivity, i-stimuli enamandla kunayo:
- maqanda;
- iigqabi;
- ubisi lweenkomo;
- ngqolowa;
- zesoya;
- amantonga;
- intlanzi;
- izithelo ze citrus;
- imbotyi;
- zokutya kwezilwanyana;
- amajikijolo abomvu.
Iimbangela zeziyobisi zokungabikho komzimba
Into ebalulekileyo eyenza ukuba iimpendulo zokuzivikela ezingapheliyo kumagosa e-pharmacological ziqhagamshelana kunye nexesha elide kunye nabo rhoqo. Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi kumachiza kufunyanwa ikakhulu kubasebenzi bezempilo abanembali ende. Iqela elijongene nobungozi libandakanya amayeza, ngakumbi ukuba ababandakanyeka ekwenzeni imveliso yeyeza. Ezinye izizathu zokungabikho komzimba kumayeza:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lamachiza;
- ukuzalwa;
- ukuqhubela phambili kwezinye iintlobo zeempatho zengqondo zomzimba;
- izilonda ezingapheliyo.
Ii-antigens eziphambili kwimeko echaziweyo zi:
- i antibiotics;
- ii hormone ze-corticosteroid;
- vaccini;
- i-immunoglobulins;
- analgesics;
- serum;
- iziyobisi ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo;
- anesthetics nabanye.
Iimbangela ze-pollen zonyuka
Ayaziwa kakuhle ukuba kutheni abanye abantu banomdla we-pollinosis baze baphendule kwintyatyambo ethile. Kukho inkolelo yokuba izizathu zentsholongwane zonyaka zihlala kwimida yokuzalwa. Izona ziyingozi kakhulu izityalo zomoya kunye nokhula, zikhulula iindawo eziphezulu zokuthukuthela ezithwele kwiindawo ezide:
- timothy;
- umhlonyane;
- birch;
- ambrosia ;
- oki;
- zokutya;
- i-chestnut;
- poplar;
- umthi utywala;
- umlotha;
- quinoa;
- nettle;
- izityalo kunye nabanye.
Ukuguqulwa kwezilwanyana kumdaka - izizathu
I-agent causative yempendulo ye-immune echazwe ibhekisela kwimimiselo emininzi. Ukusabela okuvakalayo ekuthungeni uthuli kwindawo yokuhlala kuvela kubakho bendawo elandelayo kulo:
- i-epidermis efile yabantu kunye nezilwanyana;
- iifolo zefungi;
- iinqwelo zeboya;
- iipilisi ezincinci;
- bhaktheriya;
- impova;
- iintsholongwane;
- iimbumba zomzimba;
- ukuhluma kunye nabanye.
Abanye abantu banezifo zesifo kuphela emsebenzini. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, izimbangela ze-allergies zifumaneka kwiimveliso zothuli "lobugcisa":
- isikhokelo;
- inkunkuma yeenkuni;
- umgubo;
- samente;
- mix mixtures;
- iindidi zesikhumba kunye noboya beenkomo;
- upende kunye neengxenye ezifanayo.
I-Cold Allergia - Izizathu
Ukushisa okuphantsi akusiyo i-antigen, yinto engaphandle yangaphandle ekhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezikhuselekileyo. Akukasiswanga isizathu sokuba ukungakhuselekanga kulungele ukungena kwiqhwa, ukunyuka kwamanzi kunye nomoya. Kukho ezininzi ezinokucingwa ukuba ziimeko apho kubanda ukunyuka kwamanzi , okubangela ukuba:
- i-endocrine pathologies engapheliyo;
- izicubu zomhlaza;
- izifo zentsholongwane;
- ukuvutha kwebhaktheriya;
- lupus erythematosus;
- cholecystitis;
- ziqeshwe;
- izifo;
- ezinye iindlela zokuziphendulela;
- i-helminthic invasions;
- dysbiosis;
- dermatitis;
- iingxaki zokugaya ukutya kunye nezinye iimeko.
Iimbangela zesikhumba sokunyuka
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokubonakaliswa kwempendulo ye-immune ekhuselekileyo yomzimba:
- urticaria;
- dermatitis;
- i-vasculitis;
- eczema;
- edema.
Naluphina uhlobo lokuvuselela lunokubangela ukubonakala kwamathala, i-blisters kunye ne-rashes. Iimbangela eziqhelekileyo zokuxhatshazwa kwesikhumba ebusweni, iinyawo kunye nomthi:
- iimpahla zeekhemikhali zasekhaya;
- izimonyo zokucoceka nokucoceka;
- iimveliso zokutya;
- mayeza;
- uthuli;
- umbala wezityalo;
- iiprotheni zezilwanyana kunye noboya;
- i radiviolet;
- ngephunga;
- ubushushu obuphantsi;
- umoya obandayo;
- zilwanyana;
- iingubo.
Iimbangela ze-rhinitis ye-allergen
Iphunga le-Runny, ukubetha kunye nokuvuvukala kwesono se-nasal, ukukrazula kukubonakalisa izibonakaliso zempatho ye-immune. Iimbangela eziphambili ze-rhinitis ye-allergen kubantu abadala ziyindlu kunye nokwakha uthuli. Ukuba i-symptomatology yonyaka (ibuye kwakhona entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni), isifo sinokuthi siphakamise intyatyambo yezityalo. Ezinye izizathu ezibangelwa ukungabikho komzimba kunye ne-rhinitis:
- imvubelo yefungi;
- u kubumba;
- iipilisi ezincinci;
- uboya kunye neeprotheni zezilwanyana;
- mayeza;
- ukutya;
- iinqununu kunye nemveliso yezinto ezibalulekileyo zeenambuzane, ngakumbi iindiza.
Iimbangela ze-bronchitis
Indlela yokubonakala komkhuhlane owomileyo kwisifo esichazwayo iququzelele ukugqitywa kwezibilini ezisempompo kunye ne-bronchi. Oku kubangele ukwandiswa kwemithambo yegazi kunye neentsholongwane zezihlunu eziseduze, ezibangelwa i-asthma ye-allergen. Ibhekisela kwizifo ezingapheliyo ngokuphindaphinda kwakhona. Nangona kwakungenakwenzeka ukuphuhlisa unyango osebenzayo obonelela ngokuphinda.
Iimbangela ze-asthmatic allergies:
- impova yeentyityalo zezimbali kunye nemifuno;
- iindidi zeboya, i-epidermis, iimveliso zezilwanyana;
- iipilisi ezincinci;
- i fungi;
- ukutya;
- ukutshaya;
- ikhaya, ukwakha uthuli;
- amalungiselelo amayeza;
- iiseli zegciwane kunye neebhaktheriya;
- iimveliso zokucoca;
- ngefriji.
I-conjunctivitis ye-allergen - izizathu
Esinye isimboli sonyango sesifo esicatshangelwayo ukuvuvukala kweembrane ezinamaqabunga kwamehlo. I-photophobia, ukubetha kunye nokukrakra ngokunyamezela ngokukhawuleza kuqhubela phambili, kuqhubela kwi-conjunctivitis. Izimbangela eziphambili zalesi sifo:
- iziqholo zokuhlobisa kunye nezococeko;
- uthuli;
- intyatyambo yemifuno;
- ukukhanya kwelanga;
- iimveliso zokutya;
- umoya obandayo kunye neqhwa;
- umswakama ophezulu;
- iindidi zesikhumba kunye ne-excreta yezilwanyana;
- uboya;
- izilwanyana;
- a mayeza;
- iimpahla zeekhemikhali zasekhaya;
- ukutshaya;
- ngefriji.
Izizathu zengqondo zonyango
Amachiza asemthethweni akaqinisekisi ulwalamano phakathi kwimeko yesimo sengqondo yomntu kunye nezimpendulo zakhe zokuzivikela. I-allergies kunye ne-psychosomatics kubantu abadala baxhomekeka ngokusondeleyo kuphela kwimbono ye-esotericists. Kukholelwa ukuba impendulo enganeleyo yenkqubo yokukhusela ikhutshwe ngumntu ongekho ngaphakathi okanye imeko. Ngokomzekelo, i-pedant ingaba neempatho zentsholongwane ekunxibelelana nothuli, kunye ne-vegan-kunye neprotheyini yezilwanyana. Iingcali eziqeqeshekileyo kwiimeko ezinjalo aziyi kuqinisekisa isifo esibuzwayo, uya kufumelwa ukuba "pseudoallergia".