Izichumisi ezixilisayo - isibambiso somvuno ocebileyo

Izichumisi zezityalo eziqingqiweyo zisetyenziselwa ukukhula okungcono kwezityalo, ukunyuka kwezilwanyana kunye nokunyuka kwamavuno, okuquka ubuncinane ubuncinane beemigodi ezifunekayo kwisityalo. Zingasetyenziswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba zombini kwixesha lokumisa kunye nazo zonke izigaba zityalo.

Izichumisi ezinzima zegadi kunye negadi

Ukuthandwa kwalolu hlobo lwesichumiso se-amaminerali kubangelwa kubukho beenzuzo ezininzi, kodwa okokuqala malunga nokunqongophala, kuba yinto enye-into encinci, engayinikeli ithuba lokukhetha inkcubeko yinto efanelekileyo.

1. Ekubeni ukubunjwa kubandakanya izixhobo ezininzi, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwezixhobo ezincedo lunempumelelo. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-sodium, i-chlorine nezinye izinto ezinobungozi zingabininzi okanye zingekho ngokupheleleyo.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezixakekileyo kunceda ukugcina imali, kunye nokugcina indawo kunye nokuthutha.
3. Isiphumo esihle ngokusetyenziswa kwezi zongezelelo kufumaneka nangomsoco onganeleyo.
4. Kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa izongezo zezityalo apho ukwanda kweengcinezelo ze-osmotic kwisisombululo somhlaba akuvumelekanga.

Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi seetatayi

Ekubeni iitamatisi ziyimifuno eqhelekileyo, abavelisi baye bahlakulela le nkcubeko, izixhobo ezinokulinganisela kwizinto ezincedo. Isichumisi sochumiso se-mineral for tomatoes sinika isondlo esipheleleyo ngezinto ezisisiseko, ezichaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuvelisa umhlaba kunye nokwandisa isivuno. Phakathi kwabo sinokuhlukanisa:

1. Monophosphate ye potassium. Ukubunjwa kubandakanya i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium, enceda ukuphucula umthambo. Isongezo sivunyelwe ukusebenzisa kwisisombululo (15 g nganye kwibhakethi yamanzi), kunye nefomu elomileyo (thumela ngaphandle kumgama we-10 cm ukusuka kwisiqongo). Kungcono ukusebenzisa kwisigaba sokuvelisa uphuhliso.
2. I-nitroksidi nitrate. Ukubunjwa kubandakanya i-calcium ne-nitrogen. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula okusebenzayo kunye neendawo. Kwibhakethi yamanzi kufuneka uthabathe i-20 g yesongezelelo. Ukusetyenziswa kunconywa ngaphambi kokugquma kunye nokubonakala kweziqhamo. Ukuphalaza kufaka isisombululo se-1%.

Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi samazambane

Inkqubo yeengcambu zesityalo iswelekile kwaye ingene ngaphakathi ehlabathini ukuze ifumane izondlo ezingenakukwazi, kodwa izilimo eziyi-tubers zithathwe kwiindawo eziphezulu zomhlaba, ngoko kubalulekile ukwenza ilahleko. Izilwanyana ezixakekayo ezidumileyo kwiifatates:

1. Nitassium nitrate. Iqukethe i-potassium ne-nitrojeni, ngoko ukugqoka okuphezulu kuya kusebenza kakuhle. Ku-1 sq. M kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise i-15-20 g.
2. Nitrophos. Kukho i-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus ekubunjweni. Ukwenza isichumisi esincinci sesichumiso semifuno kufuneka sibe sekwindla kunye nokulima okunzulu komhlaba.

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Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi sama-strawberries

Ukongezwa kwezixhobo zederaire kunceda ukugcina impilo yezityalo, ukwandisa isivuno kunye nokukhusela kwizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nezinambuzane. Xa ukhetha isichumisi esincinci sesichumisi se-strawberries, khokelwa yizinto ezikhethwa kakhulu:

1. IDammophos. Ukubunjwa kwesi sihlomelo kubandakanya izinto ezininzi: i-calcium, i-magnesium, isulfure, i-potassium, i-phosphorus kunye ne-nitrogen. Ngenxa yefom ye-granular, izinto ezincedo emhlabeni zisasazeka ngokufanayo.
2. Ammophos. Iqukethe i-phosphorus ne-nitrogen, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa nawuphi na uhlobo lomhlaba. Isichumiso esinjalo sizalisa isityalo kunye nezinto eziyimfuneko, ezibalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni kakuhle nokuphuculwa kwamandla okukhusela kwizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.
3. Nitroammophoska. Ukubunjwa kubandakanya ininzi yesulfure, malunga ne-2%. Ukusetyenziswa kufanele kube ehlobo emva kokuba ukugquma kuphelile. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isichumisi esincomekayo ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuninzi ama-strawberries. Iilitha ezili-10 zamanzi kufuneka zithathe i-1.5 yokutya ibhokisi yokuzonwabisa.

Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi se-raspberry

Ukuba isiqithi siphelile, siya kuba nobunzima obukhulu malunga no-2m ukuphakama, kwaye isityalo siya kuba malunga ne-1 kg ukusuka kwinqaba. Ukufezekisa oku, kucetyiswa ukusebenzisa izongezo. Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi somyezo singenziwa ngokuzimela, kodwa kubalulekile ukubheka ngokufanelekileyo ukulinganisela, ngaphandle koko ukuchumisa okongezelelweyo kungalimaza isityalo.

1. Hlanganisa i-30 g ye-ammonium nitrate, i-60 g ye-superphosphate kunye no-40 g weetyuyamu ityuwa. Zonke izithako kufuneka zixutywe kakuhle. Kubalulekile ukwenza izichumisi ezinzima ngokuphindwe kabini ngonyaka: 2/3 kwinxalenye yasentwasahlobo kunye ne-1/3 inxalenye ngoJuni.
2. Ukuba uceba ukutyalela amatsha amatsha, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthele izithako ezincedo kwimigodi, umzekelo, sebenzisa olu khetho: 80 g we potassium sulfide, 200 g ye-superphosphate kunye ne-8 kg ye-humus. Ukuba izithako ezimbini zokuqala azikho, ngoko ungathatha ama-500 g we-ash ash. Okokuqala, isichumisi kufuneka sixutywe kunye nomhlaba, kwaye ke, ungatshala imbewu.
3. Ngethuba lokuchuma okusebenzayo kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ubunzima obulungeleyo " obuhle ". Kuthatha 10 ilitha ukuthatha i-3 tbsp. isisombululo sesipuni. Ukunisela kuqhutyelwa kufutshane neentlanga, kucinga ukuba nganye 1 m2 kufuneka kube ne-7 ilitha.

Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi ngamakhukhamba

Ngokusetyenziswa kwezongezo zamaminerari, kunokwenzeka ukukhawuleza ukukhula kwezityalo, ukwandisa ixesha lokuvelisa kunye nobungakanani besityalo, kwaye ukhusela amahlathi kunye nempembelelo engalunganga yezilwanyana nezifo. Isichumisi samaminerali esiyinkimbinkimbi ngamakhukhamba senziwa yimithetho ethile:

1. Ngaphambi kokutshala izityalo (kwiiveki ezimbini) okanye imbewu, kubalulekile ukwenza iifomatiza nge nitrojeni, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium 10/15/15 g. Imali iboniswe nganye 1 sq.m.
2. Izithombo zixutywa kathathu, kwaye ngenxa yoko, izichumisi ezinzima eziqulethe i-superphosphate, i-nitmonium nitrate kunye ne-mullein kufuneka zenziwe. Isihlandlo sokuqala okufuneka uyenze oku kwinqanaba leshidi lokuqala, okwesibini - emva kokuvela kwiphepha lencwadi elilandelayo kunye neyesithathu - kwiiveki ezimbini.
3. Xa ukufakelwa ukutshintshwa kwezinto, ke kwimingxuma kufuneka ubeke i-superphosphate, i-potassium chloride kunye ne-nitrate i-nitrate.
4. Ukwenza ukuba isityalo sikhule kakuhle, kufakwa amahlumela, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen, i-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus. Ukuqulunqwa kweziqhamo ezifanelekileyo izichumiso nge nitrogen, i-magnesium ne-potassium. IziHlomelo mazifakwe rhoqo kwiiveki 2-3.

Isichumisi esiqinileyo seidiliya

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi zityalo zifuna kwaye zithole isityalo esisityebi, kucetyiswa ukuba zisebenzise izongezo. Iidiliya zifuna ezi zinto zilandelayo:

1. Iitrogen. Uphucula ukukhula kwamaqabunga kunye namahlumela amancinci. Udinga kuphela ukuyizisa entwasahlobo.
2. Phosphorus. Isityeli esibalulekileyo malunga nokubunjwa kwama-inflorescences, ama-ovari kunye nokuvuthwa kangcono kwamajikijolo. Se benzisa ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali.
3. Potassium. Ukwandisa ukuxhatshazwa kwezityalo kwiqabunga, isomiso, ukukhulelwa kwamanzi kunye nezinambuzane. Kungcono ukuyidiliza ekwindla.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezidiliya kusekho ibhonon, ithusi, i-zinc kunye ne-magnesium. Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi esincinci singabandakanya ukuhlaselwa kweentaka, i-peat, umquba, umlotha womthi, ikhekhe yeoli kunye nabanye. Yenza ukondla kule pateni:

1. Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo, ungasebenzisa izichumisi ezixakekileyo zamanzi, umzekelo, "Rastorin" okanye "Master". Ngelo xesha, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi okusulela kwintshona kwenziwa.
2. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise umquba ococekileyo, oqulethe umquba wenkukhu (dilesi 1: 2). Emva kokuvuthwa kwayo, kulungele ukuyihlaziya amaxesha amahlanu kwaye wongeza i-superphosphate kunye ne-potassium ityuwa 20/15 g kwibhakethi. Qaphela ukuba iibhakethi ezimbini zokutya kufuneka zibe sehlathini.
3. Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi sisetyenziselwa xa sele sele sele ivele ijikijolo kunye nobukhulu bayo buba malunga nepea. Ukubunjwa kubandakanya i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium fertilizer 40/50/30 g. Ibhakethi ithathwa 30 g.
4. Xa izityalo zivuthwa, i-phosphoric kunye ne-potassium isetyenzisiwe (5 g nganye ehlathini).

Isichumisi esixilisayo seentyatyambo

Izityalo zokuphuhliswa kakuhle, ukuchuma kakuhle kunye nokukhuselwa kwezilwanyana nezifo zidinga ukutya rhoqo. Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi seerose kunye nezinye iintyatyambo kufuneka zikhethwe phakathi kwezi zikhethiweyo:

1. Ammophos. Iigrafu ezininzi ziqukethe i-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus kwaye i-soluble yamanzi.
2. INitrofosca. Umququzeleli umelwe ngamagranules aqukethe i-potassium, i-phosphorus kunye ne-nitrogen. Kufuneka ifakwe entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuhlwayela kunye nehlobo.
3. Nitrophos. Iinqununu zinconywa ngemibala emininzi, kwaye ziqukethe i-calcium, i-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus.

Izichumisi ezinzima zemithi yeziqhamo

Kuyinto yesiko ukufaka izongezo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuze imithi ithole amandla okukhula, izakhiwo zokwakha kunye nokuvelisa iziqhamo. Qaphela ukuba isichumisi esisisityambo samanzi kufuneka sibe ngamanzi, ngaphandle koko iingcambu aziyi kufundwa. Ungasebenzisa izongezo ezomileyo, ezixutywa kakhulu. Kunconywa ukuthatha ubunzima obandakanya i-nitrogen, ekhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zityalo. Ngenxa yoko, imithi ngokukhawuleza iqalisa amahlumela amatsha, isasaza iifama, kwaye ikhula ngakumbi.

Indlela yokukhetha isichumisi esicacileyo ngokupheleleyo?

Xa kuthengwa izongezo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela iipropati kunye neempawu zomhlaba zomhlaba, umgangatho wesichumisi esikhethiweyo kunye neenkcukacha zezityalo. Qinisekisa ukuba ujonge ukubunjwa kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, uthenge isityalo, imixube eyenzelwe ngokukhethekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezinzima kufuneka kuthathe ingqalelo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuyibeka enhlabathini enzima ekwindla, nasemiphakeni ngaphambi kokuhlwayela. Khumbula ukuba iindleko zesondlo esifanelekileyo ziya kuhlawula ngokuvuna.

Isichumisi esixilisayo "Amandla Amandla"

Ukongezwa okudumileyo kubandakanya izinto ezibalulekileyo ekunondleni ngokupheleleyo kwezityalo. Izinto eziphambili (NPK) zondla, ezibalulekileyo ekusebenziseni ukukhula kunye nokunyuka kwengcinezelo. Izichumisi ezinzima zegadi ziqulethe iivithamini kwi-immune system yezityalo. Umenzi unikezela ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, izongezo ezenzelwe izityalo, imifuno, iintyatyambo njalonjalo.

Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi "Amandla alungileyo" kufuneka ahlanjululwe ngamanzi, enikwe imiyalelo enikezwe kwiphakheji. Qiniseka ukuba ugubungele kuqala ibhotile. Kuyakwazi ukufeza ingcambu kunye nokugqoka okuphezulu, okukulungele ukunye ukufumana umphumo omuhle. Ukwakhiwa okuxubileyo kunika ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho ngokucoca.

Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi «AVA»

Izithako zeli nkampani zithandwa, kwaye yonke into iyabulela ekubeni kufuneka baqaliswe kanye ngexesha. Isiphumo siya kubonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye siya kuhlala size senze isicelo esilandelayo. Isichumisi samaminerali esiyinkimbinkimbi "I-AVA" ifanelekileyo kwimithi yezithelo, imifuno, iintyatyambo zendlu kunye neengca. Ingaphezulu kwesigamu sokumiswa yi-phosphorus, kwaye kukho i-calcium, i-potassium, i-magnesium ne-chromium. Le nto yincwadana encinci yezinto ezikule nkxaso. Uluhlu olupheleleyo lupakethe.

Umququzeleli "I-AVA" iboniswa ngefomsile ngeengubo ezinqabileyo, i-granules kunye ne powder. Ingasetyenzwa kwizigaba ezahlukahlukeneyo zophuhliso, ukusuka ekuhlumeni kwembewu kunye nokulungiselelwa kwegadi ukuya kubusika. Kufanelekile ukuba sicinge ukuba le nkunkuma ifakwe ngaphezu kwama-95%. Xa usebenzisa izongezo, izityalo zikhula ziqine, ziqala ukuqhakaza, zibeke ngcono ukunyusa kwamaqanda ebusika kunye nesomiso sehlobo, kwaye kuncinci ukugula, ukunika isivuno esicebileyo, kunye neziqhamo zivuthwe ngokukhawuleza, ziyimpumelelo kwaye zinandi.

Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi "Reakom Mikom"

Isongezo sasekhaya, esinobukhulu bomgangatho, ubuhlobo bendalo kwaye busebenza kakuhle. Ukubunjwa kubandakanya insimbi, i-cobalt, i-zinc, ithusi, i-molybdenum, i-manganese nezinye izinto. Sebenzisa isichumisi esinzima kwiimbewu, izigaba ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso kunye phambi kokuvuna. Ngombulelo wokutya, amandla okuhluma, ukuhluma nokuxhathisa izifo ukwandisa, ukukhawuleza kweentyantyambo nokuphucula umgangatho wezityalo.

Isichumisi esincinci samanzi esisisombululo "i-Biomaster"

Ukubunjwa kwesi songezo kubandakanya i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium, ebangela uluhlu olucebileyo lwezakhiwo ezifanelekileyo. Xa zisetyenziswe, imeko yomhlaba iphucula kwaye izityalo ziqala ukuphuhlisa kakuhle. Ukufakelwa kwemfuyo kubalulekile ukulingana kwezinto ezisemzimbeni kunye neemaminerali emhlabathini, kwaye kuyawukhusela kwi-salinization kunye ne-acidification. Isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi esisisigxina sinamanzi, kwaye ifom emile. Iyokuqala ukuchumisa isityalo, kwaye okwesibini kukuphucula umgangatho womhlaba.