Isimo se-asthmatic ukuhlaselwa kabuhlungu kwesifo se-asthma, apho kukho ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula ngenxa ye-edema ye-mucosa ye-bronchial, i-spasms yezihlunu ze-bronchi kunye ne-viscous mucus airways. Kule meko, ukuhlaselwa akupheli nakwizinga elingaphaya kwama-bronchodilators, okuqhelekileyo kuthatha isigulane. Le meko yingozi yokuphila kwaye idinga uncedo olukhawulezileyo.
Izizathu zesimo se-asthmatic
Kwizigulane ezine-asthma ze-bronchial, le ngxaki ingakhula ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ukungabikho kolwaphulo oluphambili lwesifo (ngokukodwa, inhaled glucocorticosteroids).
- Ukugqithiswa kwe-beta-adrenostimulants (ukumkela ngokugqithisileyo kukhokelela ekuhlahleni kobuzwe kunye nokwanda kwe-edema ye-bronchi).
- Iimpembelelo zezilwanyana (uthuli, izitshalo zomunwe, uboya, iintsiba, ukubunjwa, ukutya okunye, njl.).
- Amanye amayeza ( izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo, izilwanyana ezilalayo kunye nezilwanyana, iziza-antibiotics, i-serums eyahlukeneyo kunye neigciwane).
- Emotional overstrain.
- Izifo ezithintekayo nezivuzayo ze-bronchopulmonary system.
Iimpawu kunye nezigaba zesimo se-asthmatic
Inkqubo yokuhlaselwa iyahlula zibe zigaba ezintathu, ngasinye sibonakaliswe yimpawu zayo zeklinikhi:
1. Isigaba sokuqala lixesha leembuyekezo ezihambelanayo, ezibonakaliswe ngolu hlobo:
- uxhala, ukwesaba isigulane;
- ubunzima obunzima bokukhupha;
- ukunyanzeliswa ukunyusa ukuphefumula - ukuhlala okanye ukuma kunye nesifuba ukugoba phambili, kunye nenkxaso yezandla;
- ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu ngaphandle kwe-phlegm;
- ukuvuthwa komsindo esifuba;
- ntliziyo;
- i-cyanosis yenxantathu ye-nasolabial;
- ukukhupha;
- ukuhoxiswa kweendawo ze-intercostal.
Kule nqanaba ngenxa yekhono lokuhlawulwa komzimba, ukwakheka kwegesi kwegazi kugcinwa kwimida eqhelekileyo. Isigulana siyazi, sinokuthetha.
2. Isigaba sesibini - ixesha lokunciphisa imali, elibonakaliswe yimpawu:
- ukugqithiswa kweempawu zesiganga sokuqala;
- inhibition, ngokukhawuleza kuvuyisa;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- esifubeni kwindawo yokuphefumlelwa ngamandla, ukunyakaza kwayo kubonakala kungabonakali;
- ukutshintshwa kweengqungquthela ze-supra kunye neengqungquthela;
- i-cyanosis yomlomo kunye nesikhumba;
- uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi;
- i-pulse ebuthakathaka kwaye ehlala rhoqo.
Ngeli xesha, i-spasm ye-bronchi iya kwanda, akukho phantse ukuhamba emoyeni kwimiphunga, ezinye iinxalenye zomphunga zixhunyiwe kwinkqubo yokuphefumula. Oku kubangela ukungabikho kwe-oksijini kunye nokwanda kwenani le-carbon dioxide emzimbeni.
3. Isigaba sesithathu - iingxaki zokungena kwomoya, ezibonakaliswe ngolu hlobo:
- ukulahleka koqhagamshelwano nabanye;
- ukuphefumla okungaqhelekanga okanye ukungabi nomoya wokuphefumla;
- i-pulmthmic pulse;
- zixhala;
- ukulahleka kwengqondo.
Unonophelo olungxamisekileyo kwimeko yesimo se-asthmatic
Uncedo lokuqala lokuqala lwe-asthmatic status lulandelayo:
- Ukubiza ngokukhawuleza i-ambulensi.
- Nika isigulane ngomoya omtsha.
- Nceda isigulane sithathe indawo epholileyo.
- Nika isigulane isiphuzo esishushu.
- Ukuphelisa umphumo wezilwanyana.
Unyango lwe-asthmatic status
Unyango (i-cupping) yesimo se-asthmatic senziwa kwiimeko zeyunithi yokunyamekela. Kwinqanaba lesithathu lokuhlaselwa, kuqaliswe iinkqubo zonyango eziza kuqaliswa esekhaya nakwixesha lokuthutha. Unyango luquka:
- yonyango lonyango;
- unyango lwe-infusion;
- ukusebenzisa ama- antihistamines ;
- ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-bronchodilator.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko, isigulane sidluliselwa kwindawo yokungena emiphakeni.