I-Ethiopia yiyena yezona zizwe eziqhelekileyo zaseAfrika. Imvelaphi yaso yasendulo, impembelelo yobuKristu kunye nobuYuda inxaxheba ekudaleni inkcubeko ekhethekileyo yaseTopiya, kunye neemeko esizifumana ngazo ngokufutshane kwaye sizazi. Abemi beli lizwe baxhathisa ngokukhawuleza ukutshatyalaliswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neempembelelo zamandla angaphandle, ngoko impucuko yayo ingatshintshi ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuya kwiintsuku zethu.
Inkcubeko yeelwimi
I-Ethiopia yiyena yezona zizwe eziqhelekileyo zaseAfrika. Imvelaphi yaso yasendulo, impembelelo yobuKristu kunye nobuYuda inxaxheba ekudaleni inkcubeko ekhethekileyo yaseTopiya, kunye neemeko esizifumana ngazo ngokufutshane kwaye sizazi. Abemi beli lizwe baxhathisa ngokukhawuleza ukutshatyalaliswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neempembelelo zamandla angaphandle, ngoko impucuko yayo ingatshintshi ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuya kwiintsuku zethu.
Inkcubeko yeelwimi
Abahlali baseTopiya basebenzisa ukuthetha malunga neelwimi ezahlukeneyo ezingama-80: i-Omot, iKushit, isiHamani, isiSemiti. Umbuso uthathwa njengesi-Amharic, esathethwa ngabemi beli candelo eliyinxalenye yelizwe. Ukususela ngo-1991, ngokubhekiselele kuMgaqo-siseko omtsha, kwizikolo zaseprayimari zase-Ethiopia, umyalelo uqhutyelwa ngolwimi lwasekhaya. Ukongezelela, abantwana abasusela kwiminyaka yokuqala baqala ukufunda isiNgesi, ngoko bonke abemi bangakwazi ukuvakalisa okungakumbi ngaphantsi kolwimi lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Abantu baseTopiya kunye nezithethe zonqulo
Icawa yaseOtiyopiya yama-Orthodox iye yabalawula ukususela ngekhulu le-IV, xa, ngentsikelelo yombusi welizwe, abazalwana baseTire baqala ukushumayela phakathi kwabemi baseKhaya. Ama-Orthodoxy aseTopiya ahlanganisa ukholo lobuKristu kuThixo, iintanda zamaKatolika kunye nenkolelo yendabuko yaseAfrika kumtyholi nemimoya. AmaTopiya akholelwa ukuvumiswa nokuvumelanisa ngeenkwenkwezi. Bahlala ngokukhawuleza njalo ngoLwesithathu noLwesihlanu. Le mihla ayifanele ukuba adle inyama kunye nemveliso yobisi.
Iincwadi
Ngokwesiko, iincwadi zesiTopiya zinomxholo wobuKristu, kwaye imibhalo yesandla yakudala ifumanekile iinguqulelo zamaKristu aseGrike. Kamva baxhaswa ngeenkcazo zobomi bangcwele. Kwixesha le-XV inkulungwane yabonakala iincwadi eziphosakeleyo "Iimfihlo zezulu nomhlaba" kunye nabanye. Kuze kube sekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, iincwadi zaseTopiya zagxila kuphela kwiinguqulelo zemisebenzi yonqulo. Kwaye kubonakala abalobi bodwa, abaqala ukuchaphazela kwiingqungquthela zokuziphatha nokuthanda izwe kwimisebenzi yabo.
Umculo
Iingcambu zomculo waseTopiya zifikelela kude kumaKristu aseMpuma nakwihlabathi lesiHebhere. Amavesi aseTyitipiya angamazwi, nangona kunjalo, awanakuqondwa ngabantu baseYurophu, ekubeni umculo onjalo uthathwa njenge-pentatonic, kungekhona i-diatonic, eyaziwa kakhulu kuthi. Abanye babiza umculo wezithethe waseKapa we-psychedelic okanye u-trance.
Isiqhelo somculo saseKopiya asixhomekeke ngokucacileyo kunye nomculo wokudanisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo liqela (abesilisa nabesilisa) imidaniso: abasebenzi, imikhosi, imikhosi. Umdaniso oyingqayizivele waseTopiya wokugqithisa - i-ascista - inokubonwa kuyo nayiphi na ibar okanye indawo yokutyela kweli lizwe. Eyenziwa phantsi kwezinto ezidlulileyo, le midlalo yokuzonwabisa idla ngokungathandabuzekiyo.
Imigaqo yokuziphatha kuluntu kunye nenkcubeko yoqhagamshelwano
E-Ethiopia, indoda kunye nomfazi bazalisekisa indima yabo ecacileyo kuluntu. Ngoko, indoda imelela intsapho yakhe ngaphandle kwendlu, kwaye umfazi unomthwalo wokukhulisa abantwana kunye nayo yonke imisebenzi yasekhaya. Abazali banqongqo ngakumbi kumantombazana kunamakhwenkwe. Amadoda anenkululeko enkulu kunabo bonke abafazi.
Iingubo zeSizwe
Izakhamuzi zaseTopiya zizinyamekele ngokunyanisekileyo amasiko ookhokho babo. Kwaye nanamhla kwiiholide zenkolo amaTopiya agqoka iimpahla zesizwe, eziquka oku:
- I-Shamma - umgca omhlophe wengubo yekotton eboshwe ngeepatheni ezinemibala. Bobabini abasetyhini kunye namadoda bayayigqoke. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, igugile ngokungafaniyo: kumagxa okanye ukusibekela ngokupheleleyo umzimba wonke, ukushiya kuphela i-slits for eyes.
- I-Kabbah - isambatho sesambatho esinamathebhu esine-hood, etyunwe ngophawu, isetyenziswe kwi-sham.
- Iingubo ezimhlophe ezimhlophe okanye iingubo - iimpahla zamadoda,
- Ixesha elide (ukuya kwesithende) ihembe elimnyama liyabasetyhini.
- Izambatho ze-Fur, njenge-burka, ngoku ziyaziwayo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
E-Ethiopia, kukho iintlanga apho kungesiko ukugqoka iimpahla kuwo onke. Bazihlobisa nje ngeettoti.
Iiholide ezinkulu
Izwe libhiyozela iiholide ezinje:
- Usuku lweKrisimesi - ngoJanuwari 7;
- Ubhaptizo lweNkosi - uJanuwari 19;
- Ukunqoba kwiMfazwe yaseAdua-ngoMatshi 2;
- Iholide Yezabasebenzi - Meyi 1;
- Usuku lokuwa komkhosi wamajoni - ngoMeyi 28;
- Umnyaka omtsha waseTopiya - Septemba 11;
- Umthendeleko woMnqamlezo weMeskel-28 Septemba;
- Umprofeti weKrisimesi u-Muhammad - Disemba 19;
- Usuku lukaSabelel - uDisemba 28.
Izithethe zomtshato zaseKushe
Umtshato waseTopiya wanamhlanje ufana neYurophu. Abantu abaselula bacela imvume yokutshata nabazali babo, bembatha izambatho zaseYurophu emtshatweni, batshata ecaweni, kwaye emva kokusebenza kwalo mthendeleko, imikhosi kunye neendwendwe zilungiselela umthendeleko.
Leyo ayiyona indlela umtshato owenzeka ngayo kwiintlanga ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseTopiya. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-Surma isizwe, amadoda amancinci kufuneka alwe ngeentonga zomtshakazi. Lo mkhosi ubizwa ngokuthi "idonga". Ngamanye amaxesha ukulwa okunjalo kunokuphelisa kakhulu.
Kwaye umtshakazi, ukuze abe yinto enqwenelekayo kumyeni, kufuneka alungiselele umtshato iintsuku ezintandathu. Ngeli xesha, le ntombazana ihlaywe ngumlomo ophantsi kwaye ifakwe kuyo idiski ekhethekileyo eyenziwe ngobumba, emva kokususa amazinyo amabini aphantsi. Kancinci, i-disc ikhulisiwe, kwaye ngexesha lomtshato likwazi ukufikelela ububanzi buka-30 cm. Oku kuthetha ukuba udonga lwalo mtshakazi lucebile kakhulu, kwaye iplate ipilisi ikhusela umtshakazi kwimimoya emibi. Yisuse ivumelekile kuphela ebusuku okanye ukutya.