Kwiinkqubo zokuhamba kwegazi, enye yeenqanawa ezinkulu kunazo zonke i-veal port. Ngokunyuka kwengcinezelo ye-hydrostatic, i-portal hypertension iyaqhubeka kuyo. Le meko ayithathwa njengesifo esizimeleyo, njengoko kwenzekayo malunga nemvelaphi yezinye izifo ezinxulumene neengxaki zokujikeleza kwegazi zendawo ezahlukileyo kunye nemvelaphi.
Ulwahlulo lwe-portal hypertension syndrome
Kukho iifom ezi-4 eziphambili ezikuyo:
- prehepatic;
- intrahepatic;
- superhepatic;
- zixutywe.
I-prehepatic okanye i-subhepatic portal yonyango yenyango ibhekwe nzima kunayo yesifo, njengoko ikhula ngenxa yesiphulo sokuzalwa esingasemva kwesisu.
Uhlobo lwe-intrahepatic lwe-syndrome kuma-95% amacala adibene nesigaba esinzima se-cirrhosis yesibindi okanye ingxaki yayo. Ukugula okungaqhelekiyo kubangelwa ngenxa yeenkqubo ezinokwakheka kwi-parenchyma kunye nezicubu zangaphakathi zelungu.
I-Superhepatic okanye i-extrahepatic portal yomshumbuliso wokubangela ingozi ibangelwa yi-flowflow eyinkimbinkimbi ye-biological fluids ezivela emithanjeni yesibindi. Oku kungenxa yokunyuka kwe-viscosity yegazi, ubukho be-cholesterol plaques, izifo ze-endocrine kunye nezifo ze-hepatological.
Uhlobo oluxubileyo lwe-hypertension ngumphumo wesifo esingapheliyo se-portal vein thrombosis kwi-cirrhosis yesibindi esinamandla.
Njengoko kubonakala, iimbangela eziphambili zokuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana ziyinkxwaleko yokujikeleza, izifo ze-hepatological, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-portal vein, i-tumors kunye ne-cysts yesibindi. Kwakhona izinto ezinokubangela ukuba zenze i-autoimmune, i-endocrine, izifo ze-vascular.
Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lweengcango
Iklinikhi yesifo echazwe iquka izikhalazo ezilandelayo:
- ukucima, ukwanda kwayizikhulu;
- ukuvakalelwa kwi-hypochondrium efanelekileyo, ubunzima;
- ngamanye amaxesha - usihlalo obumnyama, phantse omnyama;
- encephalopathy;
- ukungabikho kwengqondo, ukulibala;
- ukulala, ukukhathala okuqhubekayo;
- icterus yolusu;
- phezulu ;
- intlungu kwindawo yesipigastric;
- isicaphulo kunye nokuhlanza;
- ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala;
- ukuphuma kwamanzi esiswini;
- ukulahleka kwesidlo;
- ukungakhathaleli.
Kwiintlobo ezininzi, iimpawu zifana nokubonakaliswa kwe-hepatitis, kodwa zikhule ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi.
Iimpawu zeengxowankulu zengxowankulu kwi-ultrasound
Ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound, kufumaneka:
- ukwanda kwubungakanani besibindi kunye nepeni;
- Ubukho bamacandelo egazi ebonakalayo kwimithambo yegazi;
- Ukwandiswa kweempawu zeetlen splenic ne portal.
Ukongeza, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwengcinezelo yomshurensi kuya kufuneka ukuba wenze iimvavanyo zelabhoratri:
- igazi (ngokubanzi, i- biochemical );
- umchamo kunye namanzi.
Kwakhona wasebenzisa i-X-ray, i-rheogepatografiya, i-splenomanometry, ukukhangela kwesibindi, i-splenoportografiya, i-biopsy e-soft tissu.
Unyango lwengcinezelo yengozi
Amanqanaba okuqala okukhubazeka athatha unyango olulondolozayo ngokusebenzisa izidakamizwa zaso, ikakhulukazi - iVasopressin okanye ezifanayo.
Ngaphambi kokuphuma kwegazi okanye iingxaki, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-vein kunye neprojekthi yeSengshtaken-Blackmore okanye i-sclerotherapy isetyenziselwa iintsuku ezingama-2-3.
Ukuba iindlela zonyango ezilondolozayo azikwazi ukuphumelela, kusetyenziswe ukusebenza. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiinjongo zokungenelela ngoncedo, ezi zilandelayo ziyaziwa:
- Ukususwa kwe-ascites ukusuka kwisigxina esiswini.
- Ukudala iindlela ezintsha zokususa igazi.
- Ukuphucula ukuphuma kwegazi kunye neenkqubo zokuvuselela kwilungu.
- Ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwe-biological fluid kwi-veal vein.
- Ukuthintela ukuxhamla phakathi kweemvini zesisu nesisu.