Amakristali anekhenketho ekhethekileyo: ubuso babo bendalo bubonakala ngokugqithiseleyo ngeJometri, edla ngokuba yinto ebonakalayo yezinto eziye zenziwa ngokucwangcisa ubugcisa.
Ukuze udale into ekhethekileyo ufanele ukwazi indlela yokukhulisa i-crystal, kwaye ubonise umonde omncinci. Kuhle ukuba ungeze abantwana ekukhuleni kwamakristal, apho le nkqubo ibonakala iyimilingo yangempela. Ubungakanani bekristal buhambelana ngqo nexesha elithathayo ukuze likhule. Ukuba inkqubo ye-crystallization iyancipha, i-crystal eyodwa yezinga elincinci kakhulu lenziwa, ukuba ngokukhawuleza - i-crystals encinci ifumaneka.
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Iindlela zokukhula kwamakristali
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokukhula kwamakristali.
Ukupholisa isisombululo esipheleleyo
Le ndlela isekelwe kumthetho wenyama, ochaza ukuba ukunyunwa kwezinto ezincinci kuya kuba ngaphantsi xa izinga lokushisa liyancipha. Ukusuka kwi-sediment eyakhiwe ngexesha lokuchithwa kwezinto, qalisa ukubonakala kristal ezincinci, ngokukhawuleza ziphenduke zibe ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo.
Ukunyuka kwamanzi kwamanzi kwisisombululo
Isitya esinesisombululo esipheleleyo sishiywe sivulekile ixesha elide. Kufuneka ifakwe kwiphepha, ukwenzela ukuba ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza, kwaye isisombululo sikhuselwe kwindumbi. Kungcono ukuxhoma i-crystal kumgca. Ukuba ilala phantsi, i-crystal ekhulayo kufuneka iguqulwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Njengoko amanzi ephuphuma ngokukhawuleza, isisombululo esipheleleyo sisongezwa njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Yintoni enokunyuswa ukusuka kwi-crystal?
Kunokwenzeka ukuba sikhule iikristali kwizinto ezahlukeneyo: ushukela, i-baking soda, i-sodium bicarbonate. Olunye ityuwa (ngombono wekhemikhali), kunye neentlobo ezithile ze-acid acids, ziya kuhambelana ngokupheleleyo.
Ukukhula kwamakristali kwityuwa
Ityuwa yetafile yinto ekhoyo kwiyiphi na ikhaya. Ukukhulisa i-cubic crystals yayo, kubalulekile ukulungiselela isisombululo sokusebenza. I-200 ml yamanzi kwi-glass beaker (ingqayi) ifakwe kwisitya kunye namanzi + 50 ... + 60 degrees. Iglasi igxotha ityuwa, idibanisa kwaye ihamba ngokufutshane.
Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lobushushu, ityuwa iyancibilika. Emva koko ityuwa yongezwa kwakhona iphinde ixutywe kwakhona. Inkqubo iphinda iphindwe de ityuwa iphelile ukutshabalalisa kwaye iqala ukulungiswa phantsi. Isisombululo se-supersaturated sitshuliswa kwisitya esihlambulukileyo, esilingana ngokwexabiso, ngelixa iityuwa zetyuwa zisuswa phantsi. Ukukhetha i-crystal enkulu, uyibophe emcongeni uze uyixhome ukuze ungathinti iindonga zesitya, okanye usasaze phantsi.
Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, utshintsho kwi-crystal luyabonakala. Inkqubo yokukhula ingahlala ixesha elide nje ukuba ubukhulu be-crystal abuhambisani nawe.
Ukwenza umbala wesikristali, ungasebenzisa imibala yokutya.
Ukulima kweekristal kwi-sulfate yethusi
Ngokufanayo ukhule amakristal eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sulfate.
Isisombululo esipheleleyo senziwe kwakhona apho i-crystal yethusi ye-sulfate ityuwa ifakwe. Kodwa ekubeni le nto inomsebenzi wamakhemikhali, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi adibeneyo.
Indlela yokukhulisa i-crystal kwi-soda?
Iiglasi ezimbini ezizele ngamanzi ashushu, ngasinye sitshululela iipuni ezimbalwa ze-baking soda de ize iphelile ukutshatyalaliswa. I-saucer ifakwa phakathi kweglasi. Ingqungquthela yentambo eqhotyoshelweyo iqhotyoshelwe kwiziqwenga zephepha. Elinye iqhosha lifaka eludongeni lweglasi enye, yesibini ukuya kwenye. Iziphelo zomgca kufuneka zibe nesisombululo, kwaye intambo ngokwayo kufuneka igule ngaphandle kokuchukumisa i-saucer. Ukukrazhula kakuhle, kuyimfuneko ukuthulula isisombululo njengophuphulo.
Ngoku kukho iikiti zokukhula kwamakristali. Kwipoda yeekhemikhali, umntu unokufumana i-prismatic and acicular crystals engavamile.
Kananjalo kunye nabantwana, unokuqhuba iimvavanyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ngamanzi okanye uzama ukwenza umbane ovuthayo .