I-vitro fertilization (IVF) ithathwa njengendlela yendalo yonke kwaye iyona ndlela iphumelelayo yokusombulula ingxaki yokungabikho kwengqondo. Ingundoqo yenkqubo kukufumana amaqanda asekukhuleni amaqanda ase-ovari kunye nokuchumisa okuqhubekayo kwindoda ye-spermatozoa. Iimbusi ezizaliswayo zikhulile kwindawo ekhethekileyo kwi-incubator, ke le mibungu iyadluliselwa kwisibeleko ngokuthe ngqo.
I-vitro fertilization isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungabikho, ngaphandle kokuba i-uterus iyenze utshintsho olukhulu lwe-anatomical, njenge-frashine fusion yeendonga.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela yokusetyenziswa ngobuncwane e-vitro isetyenziselwa ukuphatha izibini ezitshatileyo, emva komnyaka wobomi bezesondo obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwemithi yokukhulelwa, musa ukukhulelwa. Kwakhona, i-IVF isetyenziselwa ukuphazamiseka kwezigubhu ze-fallopian, i-anatomy ephukile yamathambo kunye nama-ovari, kunye ne-spermatogenesis kunye ne-hormonal infertility.
Inkqubo ye-vitro fertilization iquka izigaba ezi-4:
- Ukuvuselela i-hormonal ye-ovulation yinkqubo yokuvuselela i-ovulation ngamachiza ukukhulula amaqanda amaninzi ngexesha elinye kwisondo.
- Ukugqithwa kwee-follicle - amaqanda aqolileyo akhishwa kwiifollic (ngebhinqa), ngokufakela inaliti kuwo, apho i-follicular fluid equkethe amaqanda. Ukugqithwa kwee-follicle yinkqubo engenabuhlungu yowesifazane, eyenziwa phantsi kokubonwa kwe-ultrasound, ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwe-anesthesia.
- Ukuhlakulela ama-embrosi kukubona inkqubo yochumiso nokuphuhliswa kwama-embrosi. Emva kweeyure ezingama-4-6 emva kokugqitywa kwee-follicle, i-spermatozoa ifakwa kumaqanda, ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwempompo eqhelekileyo iqala ngokuhlula iiseli.
- Ukutshintshwa kwemibusi - inkqubo yokuthutha ama-embrosi kwisigxina se-uterine ngokusebenzisa ityathisi ekhethekileyo, eqaliswa ngomsele wentsholongwane malunga neeyure ezingama-72 emva kokucoca i-oocyte. Ngokuqhelekileyo, malunga ne-4 embryos iqhutyelwa ubuninzi obukhulu bokukhulelwa. Inkqubo yokudluliselwa kwembungu ayibuhlungu kwaye ayifuni i-anesthesia okanye i-anesthesia.
Ukususela kumhla wokudluliselwa kombungu, amalungiselelo akhethekileyo anqunyelwe ukugcina ukuphuhliswa kwawo okusemgangathweni kunye nokuqhelekileyo, okufuneka kuthathwe ngokungqongqo ngokwemigqaliselo yonyango.
Ukuqala kokukhulelwa kungagqitywa yinqanaba le-chorionic gonadotropin ngokuhlalutya igazi emva kweeveki ezimbini emva kokuba ama-embrosi adluliselwe kwisigxina se-uterine. I-griadotropin ye-Chorionic (HG) ngowokuqala yokukhulelwa ihomoni, eveliswa yiqanda lomntwana kunye nesalathisi esithembekileyo sokuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa.
Sekudlule iiveki ezintathu emva kwe-vitro fertilization nge-ultrasound, unokuqwalasela iqanda lomntwana kwisisu.
Emva kwe-vitro fertilization, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka kuphela kwi-20% yamatyala. Kukho inani lezinto ezinokubangela ukuhluleka, ezona ziqhelekileyo zizo:
- ukungabikho kokukhula kwe-oocyte kunye nokukhuthazwa kwe-hormone ye-ovulation;
- ukuvela kwe-ovulation ngaphambi kwexesha;
- ukungabi nako kwimeko yokufumana amaqanda ekugqibeleni iifollic;
- ukungafaneleki okanye umgangatho ompofu wama-oocyte athathwe ngokugqitywa;
- ukungenakwenzeka kokuchumisa kwi-pathologies yesidoda;
- Inkqubo yesahlulo seseli ye-embryo ayifuni;
- ukubunjwa kwama-embry of quality poor;
- Ukufakelwa kweembryo ezingenakuphumelela kwisibilini se-uterine.
Xa kungenakuqala kokukhulelwa, i-vitro fertilization ingaphindwa. Kukho iimeko apho ezinye izibini zikhulelwa emva kweemvavanyo ezili-10. Inani lenzame ezivakalayo ze-IVF zichongwa ngugqirha kwimeko nganye ngabanye.
Yimpilo kwaye ujabule!