I-Flu enye yezona zifo ezixhaphakileyo zentsholongwane, ezidluliselwa kalula kumntu ogulayo ukuya kwi-droplet esebenzayo. Intsholongwane isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye ifumana uphawu lobhubhane. Kunyaka ngamnye, iingcali zonyango zizama ukuqulunqa izitofu ezitsha, kodwa ngonyaka unomkhuhlane uphendulela iimpawu zawo kwaye ke izitofu ezindala aziyizinto ezichaphazelekayo. Umkhuhlane we-2013 yintsholongwane yeH3N2 eguquliwe. Kwiqela, umngcipheko wesiganeko somkhuhlane, kwindawo yokuqala, ngabantwana. Ngoko ke, bonke abazali banxuswa ukuba bafunde iimpawu ezibonakalayo zentsholongwane ka-2013 kubantwana kunye neendlela zokuthintela.
Umkhuhlane uqala njani kubantwana?
Njengomthetho, iimpawu zokuqala zomkhuhlane kubantwana zibonakaliswa ngosuku lokuqala emva kokusuleleka, kwaye emva kweentsuku ezingama-1-2 unokubona umfanekiso opheleleyo wesifo. Usulelo lwentsholongwane lukhula ngokugqithiseleyo, ngelixa iimpawu zentsholongwane ka-2013 kubantwana zifana nezibonakaliso zekliniki:
- ukushisa okuphezulu kwama-38 degrees, ephethe ubuncinci beentsuku ezingama-5;
- ukulahleka kwesidlo, isisongela;
- zikarhulumente kunye nezikhuhlane ezinzima, ubuthathaka;
- ukukhula kwentloko;
- amaqatha kumalungu kunye nemisipha;
- intlungu ephosakeleyo emqaleni, eguquka ngumkhuhlane owomileyo;
- impumlo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba akuzona zonke iimpawu ezingentla zibonakaliswa ngokukodwa, kuxhomekeke kwindlela apho eso sifo senzeka khona. Ngohlobo olunefuthe lomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane wengane awuphakamanga ngaphezu kwama-degrees angama-39, ngobuthathaka obuncinane kunye nentloko. Ubushushu bomzimba bunokuphakama ngaphezu kwama-degrees angama-40 ngesimo esinzima somkhuhlane, ngaphezu koko, abantwana banesicasuliso, ukuhlanza, ukudibanisa, ukuxubusha, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwintliziyo.
Ngokuphathelele iintsana, iimpawu zokuqala zentsholongwane zingabangela uxhalaba ngokweqile, ukulahlwa kwebele, ukuphindaphinda rhoqo. Abantwana baba zivila, banokulala ixesha elide okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, musa ukulala yonke imini.
Ungayiqonda njani ukuba umntwana unomkhuhlane, kungekhona kubanda?
Ukuhlukanisa ukubonakaliswa kwesibanda esiqhelekileyo kumkhuhlane kulula, nangona iimpawu zabo zifana kakhulu. Ubushushu buvame ukuqala ngokubanda, intlungu embi kunye nomkhuhlane omncinci. Iqondo lokushisa lomzimba alisoloko liphakama ukuya kuma-degrees ama-38, ngoxa kwimeko yomkhuhlane, kwiintsuku zokuqala zesi sifo, kuthathwa njengeqondo lokushisa elincinci. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, imeko epheleleyo yomntwana ayiyi kuphulwa.
Ngaba kuyingozi kangakanani umkhuhlane we-2013 kubantwana?
Ngelishwa, le ntsholongwane phantsi kweemeko ezithile kuyingozi kubantu. Kuza kube namhlanje, abaninzi abantu bafa bayaziwa emhlabeni jikelele, ngakumbi kubantwana nakwabadala. Intsholongwane ye-influenza ka-2013 inokuba yingozi ngakumbi kubantwana abaye bancipha amandla okanye bafumana ezinye izifo ezinzulu. Ukongeza, ukungondleki kakuhle okanye izimo zokuphila ezinzima kubangele ekuphuhliseni le ntsho longwane.
Ekuboniseni kokuqala kubantwana bentsholongwane, u-2013 ulandela ngokukhawuleza
Ukuthintela umkhuhlane kubantwana
Kakade ke, iingcali zincoma ukuba wenze ugonyo, kodwa akudingeki ukuba uyenze de inyanga ngaphambi kokuba utshaba luqale. Kuyaziwa ukuba zonke izifo zidibene ngokukodwa nokukhuseleka komntwana, ngoko ukukhusela, kunye nokunyangwa kwe-influenza zijolise ekuqiniseni imisebenzi yomzimba yomzimba. Ukongezelela, ngexesha lobhubhane, mnciphisa umntwana ekutyeleleni iindawo zoluntu, uvuselele indlu, uhambe phambili ngaphandle kwaye unike umntwana ngokutya okunokulinganisela.