Kwaye ke kwathi ukuba kwikhosi ye-biology yesikolo, abaninzi banakho ukukhumbula izinto ezintathu ezisisiseko zegazi: iiseli zegazi ezibomvu, i-leukocytes kunye neeplatelet. Enyanisweni, kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi kwigazi lomntu owenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, akuyimfuneko ukwazi ngabo bonke. Nangona, ngokomzekelo, ulwazi malunga nomgangatho we-monocytes egazini ayiyi kuba yinto engcolileyo. Inani lala maseli egazi libalwe naluphina uhlalutyo. Ukwazi ukuba zingaphi i-monocytes eziqulethwe kwigazi legazi, ngaba sinokugweba ngokucacileyo impilo yakhe yonke.
Zingaphi i-monocytes egazini abafazi babecinga ngokuqhelekileyo?
I-Monocytes enye yeeklasi ze-leukocytes. Zibhekwa njengezona zininzi iiseli zegazi. I-Monocytes iveliswa kwintsi. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zokuhlala egazini, izidumbu zihambela kwizicubu zomzimba, zijika zibe ngama-macrophages, - iiseli zomzimba womzimba, onikwe amandla okugaya. Ukukwazi ukwenza ii-cell ze-phagocytore zangaphandle, imizimba, ii-microorganisms kunye neziphumo zomsebenzi wazo obalulekileyo, i-monocytes kwaye zamukelwe isiteketiso - "i-janitors yomzimba."
Umgaqo "wipilisi" ufana ne-neutrophils. Ukwahlukana kukuba i-monocytes, ebonakala emzimbeni ngobuninzi obuqhelekileyo, inokufumana amaninzi amaxesha amaninzi ezinokuba ziingozi ezinobungozi ezinobungozi kunye neeseli ezifile. Ukongeza, imizimba yenza imisebenzi yayo kwimeko enomgangatho ophezulu. Siyabulela kwi-monocytes ukuba umzimba unokuziva uzikhuselekile kwiintsholongwane, izifo, izigulane kunye nezicubu.
Isiqhelo se-monocytes egazini kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zezigulane zihlukile. Kuyabasetyhini, inani elincinci lamakhonkco li-3-10% yenani lama-leukocytes. Okokuthi, xa kuhlolwa kwegazi kwikholam "I-Monocytes" isigulane sibona ixabiso elivela kwi-0.04 ukuya kwi-0.7 yezigidi / l, akufuneki kubekho isizathu sokukhathazeka.
Izizathu zokuba kungani i-monocytes ingaba ngaphezu kwesiqhelo
Ukuphambuka kwinqanaba le-monocytes eliqhelekileyo yinto engavamile, ebonisa ukuba kukho iingxaki ezithile emzimbeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inani lamaseli egazi landa ngenxa yemiphumo yesifo okanye intsholongwane. Kodwa kukho neemeko apho ukwanda kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-monocytes egazini - uphawu lwesinye sezi zifo:
- neutropenia;
- leukemia ;
- i-syphilis;
- typhus;
- enteritis;
- isilitis;
- lupus erythematosus;
- mononucleosis;
- isifo sofuba.
I-Monocytes inokunyuka ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kwangoku. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimiphumo ezinjalo zesigulane kufuneka zicetyiswe. Ngamanye amaxesha utshintsho ekubunjisweni kwegazi lubonisa ubukho besifo esizimele, ukuzimisela ukuba kuya kufunwa phi uviwo olunzulu.
Kungenxa yintoni na izinga le-monocyte liwela ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo?
Uluhlu lweengxaki ezikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwinani lamonocytes egazini libukeka ngale ndlela:
- Isifo sokuqala esinokusola kuso siyi-aplastic anemia.
- Inani le-monocytes elingaphantsi kwesiqhelekileyo ekuhlolweni kwegazi lunokubangelwa ukutshitshiswa okanye uxinzelelo.
- Esinye isizathu kukuba ukunyuka komzimba.
- Ngokufanayo, izifo zepyogenic zibonakaliswa.
- Imiphumo engebiyo ekwakheni ukusetyenziswa kwegazi kwezidakamizwa ezifana ne-prednisolone kunye nezifana zayo.
- Zombili i-monocytosis kunye ne-monocytopenia ngamanye amaxesha kungabangela ukutshintshwa kwinani lama-leukocyte egazini.
Iimeko eziyingozi kakhulu ukusabalalisa ngokupheleleyo kwama-monocytes. Oku kungabonisa ukuba isigulane sinomdla ophezulu kunayo yonke i-leukemia, okanye i- sepsis- i-blood poisoning, apho umzimba wedwa ongenakukwazi ukujamelana neengxube nje.