I-Stonehenge eyayiyimfihlelo eyimfihlakalo yayiyinto yokuqala yobungqina bokuba asiyedwa kwindalo yonke!
Umntu onqabileyo uyicinga ukuba i-Stonehenge ibe yimizuzu nje, isikhumbuzo sexesha elidlulileyo. Uninzi lwabantu luyakuthanda ukusombulula iinqabetho zakhe, ngoko ke iimbali ezingenangqondo malunga nemvelaphi yelitye ebonakalayo rhoqo kwi-press: kubonwa njengenye yezikhumbuzo zenkqubela yexesha elidala, kuthathwa njengelinye iifayili kwezinye iilwimi ezisetyenziselwa oothixo bamandulo ukuba batyelele umhlaba. Uphando lwezenzululwazi lunokuphelisa ukuveliswa komtya weengcamango ezingaqhelekanga: kwacaca ukuba i-Stonehenge yayiyimephu echanekileyo yenkqubo yelanga, de kube yinto eyoyiyo eyenzekayo ...
Iinkcukacha ezithandayo malunga ne-Stonehenge, okwenza ucinge
I-Stonehenge ifumaneka kwinqanaba laseWiltshire kwicandelo elisenzantsi yelizwekazi lase-England. Igama elithi Stanhengues okanye uStanhang wamfumana ekuqaleni kweMinyaka eyiMinyaka. Abahlali bezo ndawo bacinga ukuba isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sakhiwa yiDruids, ekubeni ulwimi lwamaCeltic igama layo liguqulelwe kuphela ngokuthi "amatye axhoma". Phakathi kwekhulu lemashumi mabini kwakunemeko echanekileyo yeembali ukuqwalasela imihla yokwakhiwa kwayo kwimizekelo yamatye amatsha kunye neethusi.
Iminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo, ngenxa yendlela yokwenza i-radiocarbon, kwakunokwenzeka ukufumanisa indlela eyinyani kunye nomhla ochanekileyo wokudalwa kwesi sikhumbuzo esimangalisayo sakhiwo. Kwavela ukuba yakhiwe ngamagatya amathathu ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-1500 - iinkcukacha zomsebenzi ngamnye zenziwe zizizwe kunye nobuzwe beefriji ezahlukeneyo, mhlawumbi, iinkolelo. Kwisigaba sokuqala sokwakhiwa, umgxobhozo kunye nemigxobhozo yagqalwa. Ngexesha lokucima ngaphantsi kwazo, kwafunyanwa inani elikhulu leentlobo zezilwanyana, okwakusakuba kuthethwa ngexesha elidlulileyo njengendlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokunciphisa amandla emimoya emibi. Abantu abahlala kwisigaba sesibini sakhiwo bazalisa umlotha waza bakhela indawo phakathi kweTystone kunye nokungena. Bafaka amabhonkco amabini amakhulu amabloko amatye angama-80 kunye ne-blue tinge. Abathathi-nxaxheba kwisigaba sesithathu sokwakhiwa kwakha ukuhlaziywa kwe-Stonehenge, ukubuyisela amatye alubhakabhaka kunye ne-collonade kunye nohambo olu-30 (izakhiwo zamatye amathathu).
Akuyimfuneko ukungaqiniseki ngeziphumo zophando: baye bahlolisiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Amatye wokwakha aziswa esuka eMzantsi Wales, ubunzima bawo obudibeneyo malunga neetoni ezili-1500. Ngaloo mihla, eyadalwa yi-Stonehenge, kwakungabikho ubuchwepheshe obukwazi ukuhambisa iibhloko ezinzima. Ngoko ke, kukho iingcamango ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zento engaphelelekiyo ye-Stonehenge: owokuqala uthi kubo oothixo babenzele abantu njengengcwaba ye-queen queen Boadicea kunye ne-portal yokuya eMhlabeni. Ingqungquthela yesibini ibonisa ukuba i-wizard eyaziwayo iMellin ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwe-Stonehenge yabonisa abaseBrithani bamandulo ukuba uhlangene kunye nemimoya emnyama kwaye akayiyo i-charlatan.
Ukwandisa ulwazi lomntu kwi-astronomy kunye ne-cosmology, ngokuqhelekileyo abantu babecinga ukuba i-Stonehenge yakhiwa njengemaphu yamaplanethi okanye i-observation giant. Inzululwazi yekhulu le-18 yayicacisa ukuba yayisithuba se-British observation, esivumela ukufundela isibhakabhaka esineenkwenkwezi nokubikezela izinto ezithile ze-cosmic. Ngo-1995, babesekelwa yi-astronomer yaseBrithani uDuncan Steele, obeka phambili ingcamango yenzululwazi yokuba ngoncedo lwe-Stonehenge Britons lwakwazi ukuqikelela ukuhamba kweMhlaba ngomsila we-comet, ngaphandle kokusebenza ngexesha elifanayo. Iimpawu ezifundwayo zamatye eziqingqiweyo ziqinisekisile ukuba abadali balo baqhelaniswe nento ebizwa ngokuba yimizuzu yonyaka welanga kunye nomjikelezo weNyanga.
U-Stonehenge uthetha njani ngemfihlelo yeeplanethi ezili-12 ze-solar system?
Ngenxa yokuthi udumo lomgcawu wezinto zangaphambili zexesha elidala liza kulandela i-radiocarbon methodology, kungekhona nje ukufumanisa ukwakhiwa kwe-step-by-step ye-Stonehenge. Inzuzo yale ndlela yokuphanda yindlela yokwenza umxube wekhompyutheni yento yokuqala yembali echithwe ngethuba, abantu okanye iziganeko zendalo. Ngowe-2014, eNgilani, kwakukho nesomiso esingazange senziwe ngaphambili kule ndawo, apho iindidi ezisehlabathini zikhanyisa endaweni yokuqala yamatye alahlekileyo e-Stonehenge. Iibhloko ezinkulu zamatye zixinzeleleke umhlaba ukuba ukuhamba kwamanzi kokuqala komhlaba kuholele ekufunyanweni kweendlela zabo.
Ngokukhawuleza emva koko, kwakhiwa kabusha i-computer ye-Stonehenge njengoko yayingumntwana. Kwaye kwanyuka ukuba ngaphezu kwekhalenda yenyanga kunye nelanga, ulandelelanise imodeli yenkqubo yezilanga kwi-cross-section. Ngaphandle kokuncintisana okuncinci, izazinzulu zenza imfihlelo yeeplanethi "zommelwane" zomhlaba, ezazingekho 9 kodwa ezili-12! Kwacaca ukuba ezimbini zazo zazikho emva komjikelezo wePluto, kwaye okwesithathu yayiphakathi kweMars neJupiter. Endaweni yayo, izazinzulu zanamhlanje zibona ibhande le-asteroid kunye ne-nebula, engenakwenzeka ukuba iphande. Kucacile kuphela ukuba i-asteroids iinqununu zePetonon iplanethi. Oku kufumaneka, njengokwakhiwa kwasekuqaleni kwe-Stonehenge, kuqinisekisile ngokupheleleyo ingcamango yokuba i-solar system yayingaphambili ibe neeplanethi ezili-12.
I-International Astronomical Union sele ihambise isiphakamiso kwisigunyaziso esisemthethweni se-12-planetary system system. Kuze kube ngoku, akuqinisekanga ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kuPeton nakwezinye iiplanethi ezimbini ezimileyo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba uPeton wafumana ukuqhuma okwenziwe ngokufanelekileyo kwi-surface yomhlaba. Ngaba imiphakathi yasemaphandleni, xa "ishukunywe" kwenye iplanethi, ifihla umkhondo wezobuchwepheshe babo ukuze abantu bangayi kufunda iimfihlelo zabo? Umbuzo uhlala uvulekile ...