Yonke ixesha kukho umngcipheko wokuba uluntu luyeke ukuba lukho, umzekelo, i-meteorite iya ku-Earth okanye ibhomu ye-athomu iya kuqhuma. Iimeko ezinjalo ezinobungozi sele zilungiswe ngaphezu kweyodwa.
Ngokumalunga nelokuphela kwehlabathi libikwe phantse minyaka yonke, kodwa bambalwa abantu bayazi ukuba kukho imeko ezininzi ezinobungozi, xa zonke izinto ziphela ngokugqithiseleyo. Masiqwalasele ngokuthe kancinci kwiimeko eziphosakeleyo xa uluntu lusinda, naphezu kwezibikezelo ezimbi.
Imfazwe YeThathu YesiThathu
Ukungaqondi kakuhle okwenzeka ngo-1962 kungaholela kwimiphumo engapheliyo. Le meko yayibizwa ngokuba yi-crisis missile crisis. Kwi-airbase eDuluth, abalindi babona umntu ongaziwayo ezama ukunyuka phezu kocingo. Ukuze amthumise, kuye kwaxoswa izibhengezo ezininzi ezisezulwini, ezenza i-alarm yokungena, kwaye yabangela ukutshatyalaliswa kweketoni kwiziseko ezikufutshane. I-alamu kwi-airbase ye-Volk Field yabangela ukuba iibhomu zenyukliya ziqaliswe esibhakabhakeni, ezifuneka ukuba zityhawule intsimi yaseRashiya. Kuhle ukuba baxelelwe ngexesha malunga ne-alamu yamanga. Njengoko kwavela, iMfazwe Yehlabathi YesiThathu yayicatshukiswa ibhere.
2. Ukuthintela ukungqubana kwamaqhosha
Ngomnyaka we-1983, inkqubo yokulumkisa kwangaphambili kwimeko yokuhlaselwa kwamatye yafumana isigxina sokuba imikhosi emihlanu ye-intercontinental ballistic ejoliswe kwiSoviet Union yayisungulwe kwimimandla yaseMerika. Ngeli xesha kwigosa elijongene nezikhundla uStanislav Petrov, owathi wathwala uxanduva kwaye wathi kwakuyi-alamu yamanga. Wayexela ukuba xa kukho ukuhlaselwa kwangempela, izixhobo zabonisa ukuba iMelika ikhusele amakhulu emikhosi kunokuba ihlanu. Ndiyabulela kule Petrov inqande ukuqhambuka kwemfazwe. Ngendlela, kwagqitywa ukuba i-alamu yamanga ibangelwa kukuhlanganiswa kwelanga kunye namafu ephakamileyo.
3. Ukuwa kwe-Tunguska meteorite
Ngo-1908, kwenzeka isiganeko esingaholela ekufeni kwabantu abaninzi, kodwa, mbulela uThixo, yonke into yavela. Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba i-asteroid okanye i-comet yawela kufuphi nomhlaba, kwaye oku kwabangela ukuqhuma ngamandla amakhulu anqabileyo malunga ne-2 000 m2 yehlathi eRashiya. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba amandla okuqhuma ayenamakhulu amawaka angaphezu kwe-1,000 ngaphezu kwebhobho ye-athomu eqhuma phezu kweHiroshima kwaye yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwe-160,000.
4. Isongelo kwi satellite satellite
Ngowe-1960, iimpawu zaqala ukufika kwisiqalo se-radar eGreenland sokuhlaselwa kwe-nyukliya kuMelika. Ngenxa yoko, i-NORAD servicemen ishintshile ukulwa nokulungela. Ukungabaza malunga nenyaniso yokuhlaselwa kwe-USSR kubangelwa kukuba kweso sikhashana eMelika, intloko yelizwe yayisetyelele. Emva kokutshekisha, kwavela ukuba uphawu lwangamanga, kwaye ukunyuka kwenyanga kwabangela ukuba. Ngoko i-satellite yaMhlaba yayingaba yimbangela yemfazwe yenyukliya.
5. I-comets engozi
Ngowe-1883 i-astronomer yaseMexico uJoseph Bonilla yaqhubela phambili kwaye yafumanisa izinto ezili-400 ezibomvu ezazisasaza iLanga. Zayiziqhekeza ze-comet, kwaye ubunzima bomntu ngamnye bezingaphezu kweetoni ezili-1 zeebhiliyoni. Kukho ubungakanani obuphezulu ukuba la maqhekeza adibanise noMhlaba kwaye enze njengebhobho le-athomu elinamandla. Iingcali zenzululwazi zibonisa ukuba oku kunokukhokelela ekutshatyalaliswa kobomi bonke emhlabeni. Ngendlela, i-comet yolu bukhulu ibangela ukunyamalala kwama-dinosaurs. Ngokutsho kwedata ekhoyo, iinqununu eziyingozi kakhulu ze-comet zithe gqithwa kumgama ongenakunqunyulwa eMhlabeni.
6. U-Asclepius oyingozi
Ngowe-1989, kumgama obalulekileyo kuMhlaba wawuya kwi-asteroid, ebizwa ngokuba ngu-4581) u-Asklepiy. Khawucinge nje, umzimba wasezulwini wagijima kwindawo apho iplanethi yethu yayingu-6 iiyure ezedlulileyo. Ukuba ukuqhubana kwenzeke, kuya kuba kulandelelaniswa nokuqhuma kwebhomsi ye-nyukliya ene-600 Mt. Enye into ebangel 'umdla: ukuphakama kwefu le-mushroom elidalwe yilo phulo kuya kuba mkhulu ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa kune-Everest.
7. Ukuphahlazeka kweendiza
Ingxakeko yenzeka ngo-1961, xa ibhomu le-B-52, elalixhotyiswe ngeebhomu ezimbini zenyukliya, yawela ngqo emoyeni. Umthwalo webombho wawuyi-8 Mt, kwaye amandla okubhubhisa ibhomu nganye yayingaphezu kwama-250 ngaphezu kwe-Hiroshima. Ukongezelela, ukuba umoya wavuthela, i-radiation yayingayifumana i-metropolis enkulu-eNew York. Le ndege yawela kwingingqi yeNorth Carolina. Xa oko kwenzeka, urhulumente waseMelika waphika ukuba kukho ingozi yokuqhuma kwekhamyliya, kodwa ngowama-2013 ulwazi lwaluqatshelwe ukuba ibhomu enye isenokuqhuma. Inkathazo yavalwa ngenxa yenguqu elula ye-voltage.
8. I-Threat 2012
Ngokweziganeko zokubikezela iMean, ngo-2012 ukuphela kwehlabathi kuza, kwaye le nkcazelo yayikholelwa ngabantu abaninzi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba isongelo sasikhona. NgoJulayi, i-ejection enkulu ye-plasma enkulu yayibhalwe kwi-Sun, eyayihamba ngaphaya komhlaba ojikelezayo kwindawo apho iplanethi yayinentsuku ezisi-9 ezedlule. Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba ukuba i-plasma ibetha emhlabeni, iya kubonakalisa izixhobo zombane, ukubuyiswa kwezinto eza kuthatha ixesha elininzi kunye nemali. Umonakalo kule nto uza kuba omkhulu.
9. Ingozi ephezulu yemfazwe yenyukliya
Ngexesha leengxaki ze-missile zeCuba, ezazikhankanywe ngaphambili, iinqanawa ze-US Navy zafunyanwa yinqanawa yedwa, iqela lingazange lidibane. Ukutsala ingqalelo, iinqanawa zase-United States zaqala ukuhlahlela iibhobho ezisezantsi, ngaloo ndlela zenza ukuba inqanawa yase-B-59 iphakamise phezulu. AmaMerika ayengazi ukuba kwakukho i-torpedo yenyukliya kwinqwelowa-moya, enegunya lokuxhatshazwa elilinganayo kunye ne-bhomu ye-athomu yawela kwiHiroshima. Amagosa eenqanawa zazicinga ukuba zihlaselwa, ngoko benza isigqibo malunga nokuqalisa i-torpedo. Abantu abathathu bathatha inxaxheba ekuvoteleni, omnye wayechasene kwaye waqinisekisa umphathi ukuba akuyikuhlaselwa, kwaye kwakudingeka ukuvela.
10. Ikharityhulam eyamkelekileyo engamkelekanga
Kwi-NORAD ngowe-1979, abaprogram baqhuba iimvavanyo - ukucwangciswa kwekhompyuter ye-computer ye-Soviet attack. Akukho mntu wacinga ukuba iinkqubo zekhomputha zidibaniselwano nenethiwekhi ye-NORAD. Ngenxa yoko, ingxelo engamanga yohlaselo yadluliselwa kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokukhusela eMelika. Abahlaseli bokuhlaselwa sele bekhulile, kodwa iMfazwe Yehlabathi YesiThathu yaxwayiswa ngexesha.