I-smear evela kumfazi ibhekisela kwiinkqubo zemizimba rhoqo. Ngokukhawuleza esi sifundo sinceda ukuseka ukubunjwa kwe-microflora yezitho zangasese kubasetyhini, ukuchonga ii-agents ezixhasayo zezifo zentsholongwane. Makhe sicinge ngenkqubo ngokubanzi, siza kuthiwa iinjongo kunye neempawu zokusebenza kwayo, izibonakaliso zomgangatho.
Yintoni i-swab ephuma kwisisu?
Abasetyhini, ababhekiswe kulolu cwaningo ngethuba lokuqala, bahlala benomdla kulo mbuzo wukuthi i-gynecological smear ibonisa nokuba yintoni eyenziweyo. Olu luhlu lwezinto ezincinci, uphando lwebhoratri lubonisa umxholo we-microflora kwi-urethra (urethra), isondo kunye nomlomo wesibeleko. Ngokukhawuleza la malungu e-urino-genital system yowesifazane ibonakaliswe kwimiphumo ye-microorganisms epathogenic.
Ngokweziphumo zolu cwaningo, ugqirha unokugweba imeko epheleleyo yenkqubo yokuzala, ukuchonga iingxaki ezikhoyo kwamanqanaba okuqala, xa zingabonakali eklinikhi. Xa kuqhutywe i-smear, ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswe:
- inani le leukocytes;
- inani leeseli ze-epithelial;
- ubukho be lactobacilli;
- ubukho be-microflora (i-Trichomonas, i-gonococci, i-fungi).
I-Smear kwi-flora - njani ukulungiselela?
Ukunyuka kwe-gynecological smear kubonise imeko yenkqubo yokuzala, kuyimfuneko ukuthobela inani elithile lemithetho:
- Ukukhutshwa kobudlelwane bezesondo iintsuku ezi-3 ngaphambi kwenkqubo.
- Musa ukusebenzisa amayeza okwelashwa kwendawo - ukhilimu, ama-suppositories e-vaginal.
- Ukuba ibhinqa isebenzisa izilinganiso - iintsuku ezingama-1-2 ngaphambi kokuthatha i-swab stop procedures.
- Iiyure ezingama-2-3 ngaphambi kokufunda, umchamo awunqatshelwe.
- Inkqubo kufuneka iqhutywe phantse emva kokukhutshwa kwenyanga - ngomhla we-4-5 wesijikelezo.
Bazithabatha njani i-swab ukusuka kwisini?
I-smear kwi-microflora yesondo ibanjwe ngumzimba wezifo zentsholongwane. Ibhinqa ihlala kwisihlalo somzimba. Ugqirha ngokucophelela ubeka isibuko ukufikelela kwiindonga zesini. Izinto eziphathekayo zithathwa nge-spatula engahlawulelwayo. Inkqubo ngokwayo ayibuhlungu. Ukukhathazeka okuncinci kuvezwa yintombazana kuphela ngelixesha lokusampula.
I-smear eyiphumela esuka kwibhinqa idluliselwa kwisilayidi. Isampuli ihanjiswa kwibhubhoratri. Umcwangcisi webhanki amancinci ama-smears, ebala inani lalo lunye lweeseli, ebhalisa ixabiso ngokugqiba. Isiphumo senkqubo sifunyenwe ngumfazi ngomhla omnye okanye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Oku kuxhomekeke kumthwalo womsebenzi webhubhoratri, inani leesampuli ezithathwe kwizinto eziphathekayo.
I-Gynecological smear - transcript
I-gynecological smear kwi-flora, i-decoding eyenziwa yodwa ngugqirha, inceda ukuqikelela ubungakanani bemilinganiselo yezilwanyana ezinobuncwane ezinokuthintela izifo. Ekugqibeleni, oogqirha basebenzisa izibheno ezithile zesiLatin:
- - ubufazi. Amanani alandelayo kule leta abonisa okubhalwe kule nxalenye yenkqubo yokuzala;
- C (umlomo wesibeleko) ngumbele wesibeleko. Imizobo ibonisa utshintsho oluthe xaxa ekubunjweni kwezidalwa ezincinci kule ndawo;
- U (urethra) yi-urethra.
Kwabesetyhini abasempilweni, kuphela i-lactobacilli kunye neeseli zamhlophe zegazi ezimhlophe zifumaneka kwi-smear. I-Kokkovaya flora, i-erythrocytes, inani elikhulu lama-leukocytes libonisa iinkqubo ezivuthayo kwinkqubo yokuzala. Ngoko ke, ukuba i-trichomonads ifumaneka, oogqirha benza i-diagnostic "trichomoniasis", ubukho be-gonococci luphawu lwesifo esifana ne-gonorrhea. Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba uphumelele iimviwo.
I-Gynecological smear - norm
Ukuvavanya i-smear ukusuka kwisini, isiqhelo saso sisetyenziswe ngokulinganayo kubo bonke abafazi, oogqirha baqwalasela ezi zilandelayo:
1. Leukocytes. Isiqhelo se-leukocytes kwi-smear ye-gynecological ilandelayo:
- kwiiseli ezili-10 kwisebe yombono;
- intamo - 0-30;
- uretha-up to 5 units in the field of view of the microscope.
2. Iiseli ze-Epithelial - kwiziphumo kuzo zonke izikhundla ezibhaliweyo abazibhala "ngokwemodare". Ngokunyuka kwindleko yokuthetha ngenkqubo yokuvuvukala, ukusilela kunokubonisa ukuhla kwe-concentration ye-estrogens.
3. I- Mucus:
- isini kunye nomlomo wesibeleko - ngokulinganisela;
- urethra - engekho okanye ngokufanelekileyo;
4. Iigrams-positive rod (gr. +):
- isini - inamba enkulu;
- umlomo wesibeleko - engekhoyo;
- urethra - abakho.
5. Izitshixo zegram-negative (gr.-) - azikho ndawo yonke indawo. Ubuninzi bubonisa i-dysbacteriosis yama-vaginal, iinkqubo ezivuthayo.
I-leukocytes e-gynecological smear
I-leukocytes kwi-smear ye-vaginal ikhona kwixabiso elilodwa. Ngokunyuka okukhulu kwinani la maseli kungabandakanyi inkqubo yokuvuvukala. Ukufumana unyango oluchanekileyo, iinkqubo ezongezelelweyo zokuxilonga zenziwa: i-ultrasound ye-pelvis encinci, iimvavanyo zegazi kunye nomchamo, igazi kwi-hormone. Phakathi kwezifo eziqhelekileyo apho ukuxinwa kweeukocytes kwanda, kubalulekile ukuhlula:
- i-colpitis - i-mucosa yangasini ishushu;
- cervicitis - ukuvutha komlomo;
- urethritis - inkqubo yokuvuvukala kwinkqubo yokucoca;
- i-adnexitis - ukuvuvukala kwezi zixhobo;
- i-endometritis - i-disord disorder in the uterus.
Ziziphi "iiseli eziphambili" kwi-smear ye-gynecological?
Ukufundwa kwe-gmeecological smear kubandakanya ukubala iiseli eziphambili. Eli gama lisetyenziselwa ukukhetha izakhiwo zeselula ze-epithelium eplatili. Ebuseni babo bahlala bekhona ezincinci. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi ziincinci ezincinci - i-gardnerelles. Bhekisela kwimeko-pathogenic - kunye nexinzelelo ephantsi ayibangeli ukugula. Nangona kunjalo, ukubonakala kwazo kwi-smear kukubonisa ukuba oogqirha baqhube uphando. Ngokuthe ngqo le meko isetyenziselwe i-dysbacteriosis - ukuphulwa komlinganiselo wezinto ezincinci ezincinci kwi-pathogenic.
Iifama kwi-gynecological smear
I-microscopically glyecological smear kwi-flora, i-laboratory assistant counts kunye nenani leentonga. Isiseko semali yonke yalezi zixhobo zeselula kwi-smear yi-lactobacilli - i-Dodderlein. Ziluncedo, zenze i-microflora yangasese yomzimba. Ukunciphisa inani labo kubonisa i-dysbacteriosis efuna unyango.
Umgangatho wococeko lwe-gynecological smear
Emva kwe-smear kwi-flora ukusuka kwisini, oogqirha kwisigqibo babonisa umlinganiselo wokuhlambuluka kwesini. Eli gama lisetyenziselwa ukuchazwa umlinganiselo wobungakanani bokubaluleka kunye nokulinganisa kwe-microflora. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kufundiswa kuthiwa yi-smear kwisilinganiso sokuhlanzeka kwesini. Kukho ama-4 degrees:
- I- digride 1 - i-lactobacilli kwi-smear yenza ininzi yazo zonke ii-microorganisms, iiseli ze-epithelial kunye ne-leukocyte zisekho, le ndlela iyinto evamile;
- Iidanga ezi-2 - kwintsimi yombono zingabonwa bhakteria enye yegram (negative agents)
- Iidanga ezi-3 - i-smear ethathwe kwisisu, iqulethe inqwaba yeebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic, kukho iziganeko zezifo zentsholongwane (ukutshatyalaliswa kwentsholongwane kunye nokutshintsha okuguquguqukayo, umthamo, ukutshisa, ukutshisa);
- Iidanga ezine- pathogenic microorganms zisusa ngokupheleleyo i-lactobacilli esiluncedo, zikhona i-leucocytes kwixinaniso enkulu, le ndlela ifana neengxaki zesifo somzimba.