IGesi yinto ebonakalayo ebuthathaka kakhulu. Ijikeleza abantu kuyo yonke indawo - ukuya kumlinganiselo omkhulu okanye omncinci, kwaye ingaba yintsimi yeemeko ezintle kwaye zingonwabi.
Utyhefu lwegesi luyinto eqhelekileyo, ingakumbi xa ixhala ngekhabhoni monoxide kunye nasekhaya. I-gasoline ye-sulphur isetyhefu kakhulu, kuba isetyenziselwa kwishishini, kunye nokufikelela kulo mzimba kwizinto ezingenako bonke abantu.
Le meko iyahluke nekhabhoni ye-carbon monoxide kunye negesi yasemakhaya, eyayihlangene nabo bonke abantu. Ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwezixhobo okanye ukungalindelekanga, ukuphulwa kwemilinganiselo yokukhusela umlilo, kunokuba nomngcipheko wokutyhefuza ne-carbon monoxide okanye igesi yekhaya.
Kule meko, uncedo lwezonyango kufuneka lunikezwe ngokukhawuleza, kuba utyhefu lwegesi lubangela ukufa.
Uncedo lokuqala lwe-carbon monoxide
I-carbon monoxide yenziwa ngexesha lokushisa, kwaye ngoko ke isizathu esona siqhelo se-carbon monoxide isetyhefu sisendaweni edibeneyo ngexesha lomlilo.
Le nkunkuma xa ingena emzimbeni ubopha kwi-hemoglobin kwaye iifake i-carboxyhemoglobin, kwaye ibhalela ukutshintshwa kwe-oksijini kwiifom. Oku kubangela u-hypoxia, obangela ukuba ulahlekelwe yintliziyo kunye nokufa.
Ukubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala, ixhoba likhishwa kwigumbi elinomlinganiselo ophezulu we-carbon monoxide. Emva koko ixhoba linikezelwa ukuphefumula ngokufanelekileyo xa iphefumula okanye inemfuneko yokuyeka ukuphefumla.
Emva kokuba ukuphefumula kubuyiselwe, ixhoba lixubha umzimba, linika inhalation enye yomsindo we-ammonia (imisa isilwanyana okanye i-cotton swab kwaye uholele phambi kwempumlo, ungaze udibanise nolusu: mhlawumbi, ukukhubazeka kwendawo yokuphefumula kuya kwenzeka), umntu olimele Kwakhona kufaka isicelo sokufudumala kwiinyawo.
Ezi nyathelo zijolise ekuletheleni umntu iimvakalelo kunye nokukhawulezisa imetabolism yokususwa ngokukhawuleza kwecarbon dioxide emzimbeni.
Abantu abanesifo esinetyhefu kufuneka babe esibhedlele: baya kunikwa i-antidote ye-carbon monoxide-acizol. Unyango olongezelelweyo luya kwenziwa esibhedlele ngoncedo lweyeza lokulondoloza.
Uncedo lokuqala lokutyhefuza ngegesi yendlu
Ukuvuza kwegesi yasekhaya yimbangela ebangelwa yityhefu yile nkunkuma. Uncedo lokuqala kulo mzekelo lufana nelo lwenziwa ngutyhefu nge-carbon monoxide:
- Nika ukufikelela kwixhoba kwi-oksijini.
- Yifake kwindawo epholileyo kwaye wenze ukuphefumla okwenziwe ngombala ogciniweyo emanzini.
- Ukukhulula izixhobo zokugqithisa (i-collar, ibhande).
- Ndiphe umoya wokuphefumula i-ammonia.
Ukuba utyhefu obunzima, fonela i-ambulensi, esebenzisa i-antidote kunye namanye amayeza athile okuphucula imeko yesigulane.
Uncedo lokuqala lwezokwelapha utyhefu nge-hydrogen sulfide
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-hydrogen sulfide yetyhefu ivela kumafektri apho le nto isetyenziswa kwimveliso:
- Kwi migodi.
- Izityalo zesetyhi.
- Iifayili zokuvelisa i-silk yokufakelwa.
- Gryazelechebnits.
- Icandelo leoli.
- Izinto zokuvelisa i-asphalt, njl njl.
I-Hydrogen sulphude ibhekisela kwiibetho ezinobuthi ezinobuthi obucasula i-membrane kunye ne-hypoxia. Le nkunkuma ayikho "inqabileyo" njengamanye amagesi, ngenxa yokuba iphunga elibi,
Uncedo lokuqala kwi-poisoning ne-hydrogen sulphide ekunikeni ukufikelela kwixhoba lomoya-mpilo. Emva koko bahlamba impumlo kunye namehlo ngamanzi acocekileyo. Iindawo ezinobumba ziboniswa.
Ukuba intlungu kunye nentlungu eqhubekayo, isigulane sifakwe nge-dicatin okanye i-novocaine kunye nokongezwa kwe-adrenaline hydrochloride.
Ukuba intlungu iqhubeka kwi-nasopharynx kunye nephezulu lokuphefumula, i-rinses ne-soda amanzi iboniswa. Kwiimeko ezinzima, isigulane singeniswe nge-intravenously nge-agent-methaemoglobin-forming agents ukuze sinciphise umonakalo onobungozi beshefu.