I-Chorea Huntington yimiba engapheliyo yesifo se-nervous system engakwazi ukukhula ebomini nasekukhuleni, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo iqalisa ukubonakalisa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwe-50 ubudala. Esi sisifo esibi kakhulu, esihamba phambili ngokuthe ngcembe, esichazwe ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezonakalisa umzimba, ezichaphazela ingqondo ngakumbi.
Iimbangela ze-chorea yaseHuntington
Njengoko sele kuphawuliwe, i-chorea kaHuntington isifo sofuzo, ngoko ifa elivela kubazali abagulayo. Uhlobo lwefa le-chorea lika-Huntington liyi-autosomal. I-Pathology ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu. Kwakhona kwaziwa ukuba indima ethile ekuphuhlisweni kwe-chorea kaHuntington idlalwe yizifo ezithathelweyo, ukuxhwaleka, ukuxiliswa kweziyobisi.
I-gene gene, efumaneka kubo bonke abantu kwi-chromosome yesine, inoxanduva lokubhalisa iprotheni ye-eponymous, imisebenzi yayo ayiyazi kakuhle namhlanje. Le prothini itholakala kwi-neurons yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho. Esi sifo sikhula xa i-gene iguquka ngenxa yokwandiswa kweketyu ye-amino acid. Xa inani elithile le-amino acids lifikelelwa, iprotheni iqala ukwenza inetyhefu kumaseli omzimba.
Iimpawu zeChorea yaseHuntington
Isi sifo sibonakaliswa yimpawu ezikhulayo ngokukhawuleza, eziquka:
- iingxaki zengqondo - ukunciphisa imemori, ingqalelo, ukukwazi ukucinga, ukuguquka komntu;
- izifo ezingokwenyama - i-hyperkinesis ye-choreic, ebonakaliswe ngokunyanzelisa, okungahambiyo kunye nokungavumelekanga kwimiqulu eyahlukeneyo yemisipha (ngokukodwa, ukuguqulwa kweemisipha ebusweni, iingalo kunye namagxa, ukunyuka kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwamehlo, utshintsho kwi-gait);
- inzima, intsingiselo yentetho;
- izifo zokulala ;
- ubunzima bokuhamba ngokuzithandela;
- ukunciphisa ukugxeka ekuziphatheni komntu kunye nemeko;
- Ukuhlaselwa ngokungenangqiqo kokukwesaba, ukunganakwa nokudandatheka ;
- ukwanda kwemikhwa emibi;
- u xhatshazo;
- ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo (isifo sengqondo somzimba);
- iingxaki ze-endocrine kunye neurotrophic disorders.
Phakathi kobukeka beempawu zengqondo kunye neengqondo ze-psychopathological, kukho ikhefu leminyaka emininzi. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo ziphuhliswa: ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo, imiphunga ye-pneumonia, i-cachexia. Ukulindela ubomi begulane ne-chorea ka-Huntington yohlukile, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo malunga neminyaka eyi-15. Ukufa okuqhelekileyo kungenxa yeengxaki.
Unyango lwe-chorea kaHuntington
Ngethuba lesi sifo kuthathwa njengingenakuphulukiswa. Amachiza anganciphisa nje ukunyuka kwayo, kunye nokunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kweempawu ezinciphisa umgangatho wobomi. Kule nto, izigulane zinikezelwa inani lamachiza, kuquka:
- I-Tetrabenazine - ithuluzi elenziwe ngokukhethekileyo lokunciphisa ubunzima beempawu ze-chorea kaHuntington;
- iindlela zokulwa ne-antiparkinsonian - ukuququzelela i-hypokinesia kunye nobunzima bemisipha;
- i-valproic acid - ukukhupha i-hyperkinesia ye-myoclonic;
- i-serotonin i-reuptake inhibitors kunye ne-mirtazapine-ukuphelisa ukudandatheka okukhulu;
- i-antipsychotics ye-atypical - ngeengxaki zengqondo kunye neengxaki zokuziphatha;
- i-neuroleptics kunye ne-benzodiazepines - ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-chorea;
- abachasene ne-dopamine - ukunqanda i-hyperkinesis;
- ukulungiselela i-valproic acid - kunye neentambo ze-myoclonic.
Ezinye zamachiza angentla apha zivinjelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwelizwe lethu, naphezu kobuchule obuphezulu. Ngoko ke, izigulane ezininzi ziya kwiikliniki ezizodwa kwiindawo zonyango.