Yintoni umncedisi? Ngundoqo yayo, ikhompyutha enamandla enokuyenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kunye nenkqubo yolwazi oluza kwimifudlana emikhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinkonzo zeseva zifakwe kwiinkampani ezinkulu. Ngokomsebenzi kunye nenjongo, iiseva zihluke ngokupheleleyo.
Yintoni umncedisi?
Nayiphi na inkampani, ingakumbi enkulu, ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle komncedisi wayo. Inkulu inkampani kunye nokuphakama inani labasebenzisi, ngakumbi ikhompyutha iya kuba namandla. Kutheni ndifuna umncedisi? Igcina izityebi zolwazi eziqhelekileyo kwaye, ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo, iikhomputha ezininzi zinganako ukufikelela kuwo, iifowuni, iifiksi, iimprinta kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinokufikelela kwinethiwekhi evamile zinokuxhumeka kuyo.
Uthini umahluko phakathi komncedisi kunye nekhomputha rhoqo?
Ukwahlukana phakathi kwabo kusekelwe kwimisebenzi abayenzayo. Ngaphantsi kwikhompyutheni ziqonda iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinePC ekhaya okanye emsebenzini. Yintoni umncedisi ikhomputha, kodwa ukwenza imisebenzi ethile kuphela, kufuneka iphathe izicelo ezivela kwezinye iifowuni, kunye:
- Ukukhonza amadivayisi axhunyiwe.
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu.
- Izixhobo ezizodwa kufuneka zifakwe kuyo.
- Kufuneka ihoxise imifanekiso yecatshulwa yeenkqubo.
Umehluko phakathi komncedisi kunye nesithuba sokusebenzela kukuba umsebenzi owenzelwe kuphela ukubonelela ngomsebenzi womgangatho. Ayinxibelelanisi nabani ngaphandle koomsebenzisi kunye nomncedisi. Umncedisi udibanisa nabo bonke oomatshini abaxhunyiwe kuyo kwinethiwekhi. Unako ukuwamkela izicelo, ukuphatha ukusetyenziswa kwazo nokunika iimpendulo.
Njani ukusingatha ezahlukeneyo kumncedisi?
Ukuqonda le ngxaki ayinzima. Kukho iiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kwi-Intanethi. Iinkcukacha ezivela kumasayithi kufuneka zifakwe kwi-server, ngokuthe ngqo, kwi- hard drive ene-intanethi. Emva kokufakela indawo kuyo, umncedisi uyayigcina. Ukwandisa umncedisi, ongeke ube khona ngaphandle kwesoftware, udinga ukubamba, iinkonzo zingathengwa kwi-intanethi.
Ukusingatha kunye nomncedisi - yintoni umehluko? Ungabamba iwebhusayithi yakho. Njengoko umnini wokusingatha, unakho unomncedisi wakho okanye uyiqashise kwinkampani. Oku kuncedo kakhulu kulabo abangazange bahlangabezane nokusebenza kweseva kwaye abafuni ukuchitha ixesha labo lokufunda izicwangciso, bazama into entsha ngokulingwa kunye nephutha, ukugcina iso eliso kwiseva kunye nokujongana nesofthiwe yayo.
Yintoni endiyidingayo ukudala umncedisi?
Oku akuyiyo inqabileyo ephezulu ukuba inkampani enkulu inokukwazi ukuyifumana lula, kodwa kumsebenzisi oqhelekileyo uthembisa iindleko ezinkulu zemali. Kuthatha ukuthini ukwenza umncedisi?
- ukuba nombono wecandelo lomncedisi;
- ikhomputha kakhulu;
- Isitishi se-Intanethi, isantya kufuneka sibe phezulu;
- inkqubo ezinzileyo yokusebenza;
- kwindibano. Kwenzeka kwiintlobo ezimbini zesikhulumi, yiJava kunye neC ++;
- umonde nomnqweno.
Yintoni umncedisi ayenayo?
Xa kuthelekiswa noqwalaselo lwekhompyutheni eqhelekileyo, kunemibono emininzi. Umshini womncedisi unomprojekthi oyintloko kunye nebhodi lebhodi lebhodi, kubakho abaprosesa abambalwa abangasifakelwa kwibhodi, kwaye iindawo ezininzi ezisetyenziselwa ukuxhuma i- RAM . Yintoni enye ebandakanywe kwiseva yintloko, eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokusebenza kwayo.
Iyintoni umnqweno womncedisi? Ilawula zonke iinkqubo zomsebenzi kwaye iqokelela enye. Enye yemisebenzi yayo eyintloko kukusebenzisana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo ezisebenzayo kwimodi yomsebenzisi eqhelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iikhomputha zeseva zinomatshini onamandla, kodwa zisebenzela umbane amaninzi, ukuyigcina, imisebenzi emininzi yekhompyutheni ayikho.
Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga namaseva
Ukuhlolisisa umsebenzi kunye neenjongo zolu matshini, unokwazi ukwahlula iintlobo zamaseva ahluke ngohlobo lwawo. Phakathi kwenani eliqhelekileyo yizona ziphambili:
- I-imeyile ye-imeyile yenzelwe ukuthumela nokufumana imilayezo ye-imeyile.
- Ifayile yefayile iyadingeka ukuze igcine ukufikelela kwiifayile ezithile.
- Yintoni umncedisi weendaba, kucacile kwisihloko. Isebenza ukufumana, ukucwangcisa nokuthumela i-audio, ividiyo okanye i-radio.
- Iyintoni injongo yeseva yolwazi? Isetyenziselwa ukugcina nokusebenza ngolwazi, olwakhiwa njengedatha.
- Yintoni umncedisi wesixhobo esetyenziswayo? Inika abasebenzisi ukufikelela kwiinkqubo ezithile.
Kuthetha ntoni iphutha lomncedisi wangaphakathi?
Umsebenzisi ngamnye ubuncinane wafumana ingxaki xa, xa isayithi ilayishiwe, umyalezo "i-error internal server error 500" ibonakala, ebonisa ukuba kukho iphutha lomncedisi wangaphakathi. Inombolo 500 yikhowudi yeprotocol ye-HTTP. Iyiphi iphutha lomncedisi? Kucingwa ukuba umgca wesiphakeli kwiseva, nangona usebenza ngokusebenza, kodwa uqulethe iimpazamo zangaphakathi. Ngenxa yoko, isicelo asizange senziwe kwinkqubo yokusebenza, kwaye inkqubo ikhuphe ikhowudi yephutha. Kukho impazamo yesiphakeli ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
Akukho nxu lumano kumncedisi, kufuneka ndiyenze ntoni?
Iimpazamo kunye neengxaki ekusebenziseni ubunzima kwenkqubo ziba phantse yonke imihla. Abasebenzisi bahlala bejamelana neengxaki umncedisi angaphenduliyo. Kule mfuneko kuyimfuneko:
- Qinisekisa ukuba iingxaki zenzeka kuphela ngomncedisi othile. Mhlawumbi ingxaki kwikhompyutha yomsebenzisi, uxhumano lwe-Inthanethi okanye izicwangciso. Kumele uqale kabusha ikhompyutha
- Kufuneka ujonge kabini igama lekhasi lewebhu eliceliweyo okanye idilesi ye-IP. Baya kutshintsha okanye bayeke ukuhlala.
- Isizathu sokungabikho koqhagamshelwano singaba ngumgaqo-wokhuseleko. Idilesi ye-IP yekhompyutheni ingafakwa uluhlu lwabamnyama nge-server.
- Ukuvinjelwa kungabikho kwikhompyutha yomsebenzisi. Kungenzeka ukuba idilesi ivaliwe yiprogram ye-anti-virus okanye inethiwekhi yomsebenzi emsebenzini.
- Iphutha lokuxhamla lingaba ngenxa yokuba isicelo sokudibanisa kumncedisi nje asifikeleli kwindawo ekuya kuyo ngenxa yeengxaki kwiindawo eziphakathi.
Yintoni ukuhlaselwa kwiseva yeDDoS?
Inani lezenzo ezenziwa kwi-intanethi ye-Intanethi, ekhokelela ekubeni abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo abakwazi ukufikelela kwizinto ezithile, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-DDoS attack (Distribution Denial Of Service). Yintoni umncedisi we-DDoS xa ngexesha elifanayo ukusuka emhlabeni wonke ukuya ngasenyakatho, ehlaselwa kukuhlaselwa, ininzi yezicelo zifunyenwe. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezicelo zamanga, umncedisi uyayeka ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi walo, ngezinye ixesha kwenzeka ukuba ayikwazi ukubuyiswa.