Kwikolo yamaBuddhist, kuthiwa umntu ngamnye ufuna ukufumana isimo soxolo kunye novuyo. Ukufunda ukuba yiyiphi i-nirvana kunye nendlela yokungena ngayo, abalandeli befilosofi yaseMpuma bazama ukujoyina i-Absolute kwaye bajikelele kwimeko yolonwabo.
Nirvana - yintoni le nto?
Ingcamango ye-nirvana ivela kwifilosofi yaseMpuma. Ukuguqulelwa kolwimi lwaseNdiya lwangaphambili, igama elithi "nirvana" lithetha "ukuphela, ukuyeka". Kodwa ngokungafani nokuqonda kwe-Western kwifilosofi yaseMpuma, iingcamango zokuphelisa nokuphela kwazo zineenjongo ezilungileyo. Bathetha ukukhupha iingxaki, iintlungu, ukubandezeleka kunye nomzabalazo wobomi. I-Nirvana yimeko apho ingqondo yomntu ithola umgangatho omtsha. Kulo mmandla, ingqondo ifumana inkululeko kwiingcamango, ukuxhalabisa, iiminqweno. Ndiyabulela kulo mntu umhlaba omtsha nokuqonda ubomi buvuleka.
Yintoni i-nirvana eBuddhism?
Umxholo we-nirvana eBuddhism ngowona unzima kunzima. Ingcaciso ecacileyo yaleli gama ayikwazanga ukunika nomsunguli oyingqalileyo wale nkolo uBuddha Shakyamuni. Kwiingxelo zakhe, yena kuphela ochaphazelekayo nge-nirvana, ephendula malunga naye, njengombuso apho iingcamango neemvakalelo eziqhelekileyo zinyamalalala. Nangona ekuqondeni abantu baseYurophu i-nirvana inxulumene ngokusondeleyo kwintswelo yolonwabo nolonwabo oluhle, ukhokho waseBuddha akazange akhulume nge-nirvana ngokudibanisa kunye nokuzonwabisa.
I-Nirvana kwiBuddhism yi-antithsis of wheel of samsara , apho siyiqonda ihlabathi lamava, iinjongo, iintlungu. I-Nirvana ayixhomekeke kwiimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo , ihamba ngaphaya kweemvakalelo eziqhelekileyo, ukuguqulela ingqondo yomntu kwelinye ihlabathi. Phakathi kwamaBuddha akukho ukuqonda okungaqondakali kweli gama. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iNirvana iphathwa ngolu hlobo:
- iimeko zoxolo ezipheleleyo ezinokufezekiswa kulobu bomi ngokuzicamngca rhoqo;
- imeko yomntu emva kokufa.
Nirvana - Philosophy
I-Nirvana yenye yeengcamango eziphambili kwifilosofi yamaBuddha kunye namaHindu, kodwa akukho nto enye kunye nengqiqo ecacileyo yento ye-nirvana. Kukholelwa ukuba le yinjongo ekugqibeleni apho yonke imiphefumlo izama. I-Nirvana inceda ukuphula umjikelezo wokuzalwa kwakhona kwaye uhlangane nomoya ophezulu. I-Nirvana kwifilosofi yeJainism yimeko yomphefumlo oye wanyusa umzimba womzimba kunye nezijikelezo ze-samsara. Njengokuphuhliswa kobuBuddha, i-nirvana yaqala ukubonwa njengeyona nto, ukuba ubani onokuyilwela, kodwa enzima ukuyifumana.
Iintlobo zeNirvana
I-Nirvana yamaBuddha ayinayo ingcaciso ecacileyo. Ngokumalunga nale nto, iintlobo ezininzi ze-nirvana ziyaziwa:
- isimo sengqondo esifutshane, apho umntu evakalelwa ukuphumla okungavamile kwaye ufumana ukukhanya;
- kubalulekile - imeko yokukhanyisa iphumelele ngexesha lobomi kwaye iphula isangqa soguqulelo lwe-karmic;
- elingunaphakade, okanye lokwenyaniso-imeko ekhethekileyo apho unokukwazi kuphela emva kokufa kwangokwenyama.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukufumana i-nirvana?
Kubantu abanomdla kwifilosofi yaseMpuma, impumelelo ye-nirvana ihambelana nokufumana iimvakalelo ezimnandi kakhulu. Ekuqondeni kwaba bantu, ukungena kwi-nirvana kudibene nokufumana ukuzonwabisa. Ifilosofi yaseMpuma iphendula lo mbuzo ngokwahlukileyo. Abaxhasi beBuddhism neYainism bakholelwa ukuba ukufikelela kwi-nirvana kuthetha ukufaka urhulumente omtsha apho kungekho nkxalabo namava. Kwimeko ye-nirvana, umntu uzijonga njengenxalenye yendalo kwaye uphumle ngokupheleleyo.
Indlela yokufikelela kwiNirvana
Abaxhamli beBuddh of age ezahlukeneyo banombono ochanekileyo malunga nendlela yokuqonda i-nirvana. Amanye amaBuddha akholelwa ukuba i-nirvana ayifumaneki kubantu baseSamsara. Abanye bathi umntu ngamnye kufuneka abe nomuvo we-nirvana ebomini bakhe, ngaphandle koko uya kufuneka aphile ubomi obunye. Abaxhasi beli qhinga banikeza iingcebiso malunga nokungena kwi-nirvana. Ezi ngcebiso ziyakunceda ufunde indlela yokulawula nokulawula ingqondo yakho. Oku kuya kuba yindawo efanelekileyo yokucamngca ukufikelela kummandla we-nirvana:
- Ukulawula ukuphefumla . Okokuqala kufuneka uvakalelwe indlela umoya owela ngayo umzimba wonke. Emva koko ulungiselele ingqalelo kwi-exhalation. Kulo rhu lumente umzimba uphinde uhlawule, umoya okhuphayo uhamba.
- Ukucwiliswa ngokupheleleyo kumsebenzi . Ukuqonda imeko ye-nirvana, umntu makafunde ukugxininisa kwimisebenzi eyenziwa ngumntu. Umzekelo, ukuba uyayifunda, ke zonke iingcamango mazimele zibe yinto efundayo.
- Landela ixesha kunye neemeko . Musa ukuxhoma kwizinto ezidlulileyo. Kubalulekile ukulandela iziganeko ezikhoyo, cinga ngazo kwaye uhlale kuzo.
Zika ukungena kwi-nirvana
Kwimibuzo yendlela yokuphumeza ngayo i-nirvana, i-pose ibalulekile. Abaqalayo bahle kakhulu ukuqala nge-lotus posture, kuba kukuvumela ukuba ulungise umzimba womntu kwindawo ekhululekile. Nangona i-nirvana ifumaneka kunoma yiphina indawo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhethe ezo zazo apho umntu engakwazi ukulala xa ephumle. I-lotus posture iqulethwe ngamacandelo:
- Umva kufuneka uqondise;
- amahlombe aqondiswe;
- isithende somlenze munye kwintsipho yomnye kunye nakwezinye izinto, izithende kufuneka zigcinwe zisondele kwisisu;
- iingalo zikhululekile kwaye zibophe ngokukhawuleza kwiingqungquthela;
- iintende zivulekile;
- phantsi kwamathambeka kungcono ukubeka umcamelo omncinci;
- umzimba uphelelwe phambili.