Unkulunkulukazi waseNdiya u-Kali uthathwa njengophawu lokutshatyalaliswa nobomi obungunaphakade, ukubonakala kwakhe okubuhlungu kwimihla emininzi kwenza ukuba iintlanga zenze ukoyika. Abahlali baseIndiya basebenzisa ukukhusela kwakhe kumaxesha anzima, bezisa imihlatshelo yamanzi, kodwa ngokwenene unkulunkulukazi uKali ungumkhuseli womama, unceda ukutshintsha i-karma , engaphezu kwamandla abanye oothixo.
Uthikazikazi ka-Cali wokufa
"I-Kali" iguqulela ngokuthi "mnyama", ibizwa ngokuba ngumsindo onqabileyo weParati kunye nenxalenye ebhubhisa inyana kaShiva. Kwikolo yamaNdiya, iKali ithathwa njengowunkululeko okhusela abo bamnqulayo, ubeka izinto eziliqela ngokukhawuleza: amanzi, umlilo, i-etheric kunye nomhlaba. Unkulunkulukazi waseNdiya u-Kali ulawula ubomi bomntu ukusuka ekukhulelweni kwaye ngaphambi kokuba ahambe kwihlabathi elizayo, kwaye ke uhlonishwa ngokukodwa.
U-Kali ubizwa ngokuba ngumthi wodadekazi u-Durga, nokuba amehlo amathathu uKali aneenkcazelo ezininzi:
- Amabutho amathathu: ukudala, ukulondoloza nokutshabalalisa;
- Izihlandlo ezi-3: ezedlulileyo, ezikhoyo kunye nekamva;
- Izibane ezi-3: Ilanga, iNyanga kunye nombane.
Uthikazikazi uKali - umlando
Kukho umlandele omnandi malunga nomvelaphi wesithixokazi omnyama. Emva kokuba idemoni embi i-Mahisha ibambe amandla, kwaye ibuyiselwe, oothixo bavuselela i-hero efanelekileyo kakhulu ebanjene amandla kaVishnu, ilangabi leShiva kunye negunya lase-Indra. Ukuphefumula kwakhe kwakha umkhosi, owawubhubhisa iidemon, kuphela unkulunkulukazi onikezelwe ngamaninzi u-Kali wabulala amawaka waza wathabatha intloko kwiintshaba ezinkulu - idemoni Mahisha.
Inkokheli yonkulunkulukazi uKali
Okona kuninzi, uKali uhlonishwa eBengal, apho itempile yayo ephezulu yeKalighat ikhona. Ithenda yesibini ehlonishwayo kakhulu yaseKali i-Dakshineshwar. Inkokheli yale nkulunkulukazi yayinamandla ukusuka kwi-12 ukuya kweye-19 leminyaka, xa uluntu oluyimfihlo lwama-tugs asebenza kweli lizwe. Ukunqula kwabo uthixokazi uKali udlulile yonke imida, iigubs zazisa imihlatshelo yamanzi kumlamli wakhe.
Ngeli xesha, ababukeli bakaKali ba tyelela iintempile zabo, ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, bhiyozela umthendeleko onkulunkulukazi abamnyama. Kwabo banqula uKali ngexesha lethu, kukho imigaqo enjalo:
- imithandazo yokufunda;
- batshintshe iikomityi zewayini kunye namanzi angcwele;
- ichaphaza elibomvu phakathi kweelishi ngenhlonipho kaKali;
- isipho kumthikazikazi - iintyatyambo ezimfusa kunye nokukhanyisa ikhandlela;
- ukutshintshiselwa kwemibingelelo.
Uthikazikazi uKali - Isibingelelo
Ngokutsho kweenkolelo zamaNdiya, unkulunkulukazi omnyama uKali ungumfazi kaShiva, ohlala kwi-pantheon yinto yesithathu ebaluleke kakhulu e-India. Isibingelelo sakhe kufuneka sihlale sigutyungelwe ngamaconsi egazi, kwixesha la mandulo kwakukho nentsapho ekhethekileyo eyafumanisa abantu ngamaxhoba enkulunkulukazi onamaqela amaninzi. Kukho ubungqina bokuba imibingelelo yabantu yaqhubeka kwada kwaqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Ngethuba langoku ethempelini, i-Dakshinkali iyaqhubeka ilandela izithethe zokhokho babo, kabini ngeveki, ngeLwesibini kunye neMigqibelo, ezibhekwa njengeentsuku ze-Kali, zibingelela izilwanyana. Khangela le ngqungquthela iza kumawaka abakhenkethi. Abaprothethe bathethe iingubo ezikhethekileyo ezinika ithuba lokuqhubela umbingelelo ukuze babuyele kwenye into ebomini.
Isimboli sodadekazi uKali
Ukubonakala komfazi kaShiva kubangela ukwesaba, uyisimboli somlawuli wexesha. Unkulunkulukazi ongugazi u-Kali uye wafumana izinto ezininzi ezimbi, enye nganye inentsingiselo yayo:
- Umbala omnyama wesikhumba ubonisa isimo sokukhanya;
- ububanzi beabantu abangama-50 - i-chain of incarnations;
- Ibhande lezandla zabantu libonisa impembelelo ye-karma, enokutshintshwa ukuba ukhonza unkulunkulukazi ngokuthembeka;
- amazinyo amhlophe - uphawu lokungcola;
- Izandla ezi-4 - indandatho yendalo kunye ntshabalalo, kwicala lehlabathi.
Izandla kwicala lasekunene ziyasikelela ngokubumba, kwaye ezo ezisekhohlo ezithatha intloko kunye nekrele eziqhekekileyo ziphawu lokutshatyalaliswa. Ngokutsho kwenkolo yeVedic, ezi zinto zibalulekile. Intloko ibonisa ukuba ngamandla kaThikazikazi uKali ukutshabalalisa ubuxoki bobuxoki, kwaye ikrele livula amasango enkululeko, ikhulule kwiibhondi ezivimbela umntu ngamnye.
Unkulunkulukazi uKali nonkulunkulu uShiva
Omnye wemifanekiso eqhelekileyo: unkulunkulukazi uKali, ukunyathelisa kumyeni wakhe - uthixo uShiva. AmaHindu ahumusha umfanekiso onjengokuphakama kwehlabathi elingokomoya phezu kwehlabathi elibonakalayo. Uthikazikazi ubizwa ngokuba yiShiva waseShiva, eneentsingiselo ezininzi:
- mpe mbelelo, amandla;
- amandla oothixo;
- umgaqo wesetyhini wendalo.
Igama lesibili likaKali-Davi "likhanya," unkulunkulukazi ubizwa nangokuthi Ukukhanya. U-Shakti ubonakaliswa egameni lomyeni wakhe, ngaphandle kwakhe lo mfana uphenduka waba "umthunzi", kwisiSanskrit - isidumbu. Nokuba ukubonakala kwabaphandi bakaKali kunika ingcaciso ehlukileyo:
- Umdaniso ogqithisayo uKali unika umxholo woxolo njengendlela yokudlala yonqulo.
- Izinwele zikaRazhohmachennye kunye neengqungquthela ze-grin kwi-transience yokuba.
- Umdaniso oyingqumbo womthikazi omnyama ubonakalisa: izinto eziphathekayo azikhathazeki.
- Ngomdaniso, unkulunkulukazi wokutshatyalaliswa kwe-Kali unceda ukuqaphela ukuba abantu bafa kwaye kufuneka babe ngabakhululekileyo ekubeni besaba ukufa , kuphela ngoko uthixokazi uya kwamkela.