Ukungena kwe-entryovirus kubantwana - iimpawu kunye nokunyangwa kwazo zonke iintlobo zesifo

Kukho iqela lezifo ezinokungeniswa kuzo naziphi na izitho kunye neenkqubo zomzimba womntu. Amathumbu emathunjini okanye ama-enterovirus ahlala esichaphazela abantwana, oku kungenxa yokungavali komzimba kunye nokukhusela okuphezulu kwiintsholongwane. Into ebonisa ukukhubazeka yintlobo yeefom kunye neempawu, okwenza kube nzima ukuyixilonga.

Ziyintoni intsholongwane ye-enterovirus?

Esi sifo sidibanisa iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 zeeseli ze-pathogenic ezinezinto ze-RNA okanye i-DNA. Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni i-enterovirus, ukwahlula kwabo kunceda. Esi sifo sisekhaya likaPornoviridae. Yenza iklasi yee-polioviruses, ezibandakanya iifom ezi-5 - A, B, C, D kunye no-E. Phakathi kwazo zilandelayo iindiza:

• Coxsackie ;
• ECHO;
• enteroviruses ezingenakunyaniswa.

Isici esichaphazelekayo kwiqela elinikeziweyo lokusuleleka kukuxhathisa kwizinto zangaphandle ze-physicochemical factors. Ama-Pathogens ahlala kuzo zonke iimeko, esebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, ukuqokelela nokusabalalisa:

• lomzimba;
• amanzi;
• iimveliso zokutya;
• umhlaba.

Usulelo lwe-Enterovirus lubangela

Amasango okungena kwesi sifo anemibhobho ye-digestive and tract tract. I-Enterovirus kubantwana kuqala ibangela ukusabela okuvuthayo kwendawo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza isasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba ngegazi. Iiseli ze-Pathogenic zakhiwa kunoma iyiphi iisistim kunye nezicubu kwaye zihlala kuzo, zivuselela izilonda zesistim. Ukuba izigaba zokuqala zophuhliso zibonise usuleleko lwe-enterovirus kubantwana - iimpawu kunye nonyango kuya kuba lula kunokuba kufumaneka kwexesha lokugula. Ngaphandle kolwaphulo olufanelekileyo, ubunzima obunzima kunye nobungozi obusongela ubomi buhlala bwenzeka.

Utsholongwane lwe-enterovirus lugqithiselwa njani?

Uhlobo oluthile lomlomo lubhekwa njengendlela ebalulekileyo yokusasazeka kwesi sifo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus kubantwana kufakwa emzimbeni ngomoya ojikelezayo kunye nentshukumo (ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana) iindlela. Umthombo wesi sifo kuba ngumthwali weeseli ze-pathogenic, ngokusobala ekhangelele enempilo, okanye umntu onempawu ezibonakalayo zokutshatyalaliswa.

Ingxaki yokungena kwi-Enterovirus - ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwabantwana

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokufumana ii-pathogens kumzimba womntwana, abaphambukisi naziphi na iimpawu ezibonakalayo, zandise kwaye ziqokelele kwiimbrane ezinamaqabunga. Umlinganiselo wesiganeko somfanekiso weklinikhi uhambelana nento eyenza ukusuleleka kwe-enterovirus - ixesha lokuxubusha lixhomekeke kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• ukuxhamla (ubuchule beeseli ze-pathogenic ukulwa nokukhusela umzimba);
• I-Tropism (ukutshatyalaliswa kwesifo sokutshatyalaliswa kweenkqubo ezithile);
• serotype.

Iimeko zokuzikhusela zichaphazela i-enterovirus enyukayo kubantwana - iimpawu zivakaliswa kwaye ziyabonwa ngokukhawuleza kumntwana obuthathaka. Iintsana ezineenkqubo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela isifo ngokulula, kwaye iimpawu ezithile ezivela emva koko. Ngokomyinge, ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwimizuzu engama-2-5, imida ekhoyo ingashintsha kwisithuba se-1-10 iintsuku.

Ukungena kwe-entryovirus kubantwana - iimpawu

Iintlobo ezininzi ze-pathology ezichazwe (malunga ne-90%) zenzeke ngaphandle komfanekiso ocacileyo weklinikhi okanye zihamba kunye kuphela nokwanda kweqondo lokushisa komzimba. Kwamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zentsholongwane ye-enterovirus kubantwana zidibene ngokwahlukileyo zibe ziintlobo ezinobungozi ezingenabungozi. Ukuba i-agent engummango kumbuzo ibangele ukuphuhliswa kwesilonda esinzulu sezitho ezijoliswe kuyo, umfanekiso wekliniki uya kuhambelana nesinye sezifo ezibangelwa zizifo:

• encephalitis;
• i-serous meningitis ;
• i hepatitis;
• i-myo-, i-pericarditis;
• ukukhubazeka.

Ekubeni kwezi zifo kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza uviwo kwaye ufumanise ukuba ngaba isizathu sabo sisifo sobungozi be-enterovirus kubantwana - iimpawu kunye nonyango kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezibangele ukugula. Ukongezelela ekupheliseni iinkqubo ezivuthayo nokubamba izibonakaliso zesifo sesifo, unyango oluthile luya kufuneka lujoliswe ekupheliseni iiseli ze-pathogenic ngokutsha kweDNA okanye kwi-RNA.

Kulula ukunciphisa imeko yomntwana ukuba isifo sobungozi obungenayo i-enterovirus siqhubeka - iimpawu kwiimeko ezinjalo zihambelana nezi zilandelayo zifo:

• umkhuhlane weentsuku ezintathu ("umlomo wesandla somlenze");
• i-conjunctivitis ;
• i-herpangin;
• uveitis;
• pharyngitis;
• enterovirus exanthema;
• isifo esifana nesifo sengculaza;
• utywala;
• gastroenteritis .

Ngenxa yobuninzi beemeko kwiinkqubo zentsholongwane, umfanekiso wakhe weklinikhi ubonakaliswa ngopolymorphism:

• ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba;
• isicefe
• ubomvu beeprotheni zamehlo;
• i-malaise;
• photophobia;
• intlungu entloko, imisipha, umqala, isisu, amehlo;
• ukuhlanza;
• isifo sohudo;
• ukungabi nesidlo;
• izilonda ezincinci emlonyeni;
• coryza;
• i-rashes ekhumbeni kunye neembrane ezinamaqabunga;
• ukuguquka;
• ukulila;
• i-lymph nodes.

Ukungena kwe-entryovirus kubantwana - ukugqithisa

Ubume bokubonakaliswa kwesikhumba kuxhomekeke kwifom yesifo esinikezelweyo. Ukugqithisa nge-infection ye-enterovirus ihamba kunye ne-herpes, i-fever 3 kunye ne-exanthema. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, zenziwe ngokumalunga nemvelaphi yezinye iintsholongwane ngokufanayo neempawu zabo ezithile. Ukurhoxiswa ngeentsholongwane ze-enterovirus kunokuba neendidi eziliqela, njengoko kuboniswe kwisithombe esingentla:

• izibhulu emqaleni (ukugqabhuka kwaye ziguquke zibe zilonda);
• blisters ezincinci kwiingalo nasemilenzeni, emlonyeni nasekufuphi kwayo, eyaphelayo yodwa;
• i-rose and rubella-like rash (efana ne-exanthema).

Ukuxilongwa kwe-infection ye-enterovirus

Ukusebenza nokukhawuleza kwonyango kuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo omkhulu ekuhloleni ngokufanelekileyo kwesi sifo. Kucetyiswa ukuba kwinqanaba lokuqala isifo sokungena kwe-enterovirus kubantwana kufunyaniswa-iimpawu kunye nonyango kulolu hlobo kuya kuba lula. Ukuchonga ukugula kwimibuzo, iindlela ezi-5 zanamhlanje zisetyenzisiweyo:

1. Uhlalutyo lwenkqubo ye-enterovirus. Amanqaku afanelekileyo i-IgM ne-IgA afihliwe egazini.
2. Vavanyo lwe-immunohistochemical. Indlela endala, kodwa indlela yokwazisa. Iqulethwe ekufumaneni i-antibodies ukuba i-enterovirus ngexesha lokungaphenduli.
3. Ucwaningo lwe-molecular-biological. Ukukhutshwa kweziqhekeza zeRNA okanye i-DNA isifo.
4. Uhlalutyo lwenkcubeko. Ukufumanisa kunye nokuchongwa kwe-pathogen kwi-biomaterial (mucus, smear).
5. I-Polymerase chain reaction (i-PCR) kunye nesiteji sokuguqulela. Kucingelwa ukuba luphando oluphangaleleyo kwaye lukhawuleza.

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha unokumisela amanyathelo athile okuxilonga:

• igazi legazi;
• urinalysis;
• I-ultrasound izitho zangaphakathi (iithagethi).

Ukungena kwe-entryovirus kubantwana - unyango

Izindlela ezichanekileyo zokujongana ne-pathology ezichazweyo azikho. Ukuphuhlisa indlela yokwelapha, kubalulekile ukucacisa indlela ukusuleleka kwe-entroviral eyenzekayo ngayo - unyango lwezinto eziphambili ziqhutyelwa kuphela esibhedlele, kwaye iintlobo ezingekho nengozi zesifo zingalawulwa ekhaya. Izindlela eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa imeko yabantwana:

• ukuphumla kombhede;
• isiselo esininzi (i-vitaminised, efudumele);
• yokutya ukutya;
• ukuphumla kwamabanga aphezulu;
• ukufudumala rhoqo, ukucoca;
• ukugcina umoya omswakama kunye nokupholisa egumbini.

Ukungena kwe-entryovirus kubantwana - unyango: iziyobisi

Ukhetho lwamachiza kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela ngumntwana oqeqeshiwe. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuphatha unyango lwe-enterovirus kubantwana:

• etiotropic;
• uphawu.

Kwimeko yokuqala, unyango lunceda ukuqeda i-agent engumdla wesi sifo. Amachiza antiviral esebenzayo ye-enterovirus:

• i-interferons - iViferon, iLaferobion ;
• ii-immunoglobulins ezinomdla (ezinqabileyo ezichanekileyo, ukuphumelela okungakabonakali);
• capsidinhibitors - Pleconaril, i-Pikovir.

Ngexesha elifanayo, iimpawu ezivusa ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus kubantwana ziyekekwe - iimpawu kunye nonyango zihlala zihambelana. Ukuzinzisa imeko yomntwana, oku kulandelayo kusebenza:

• antipyretics - iNurofen, iParacetamol;
• i-antiemetic - i-Motilium, i-Cerucal;
• antihistamines - uElius, uFenistil;
• i-enterosorbents - Smekta, Enterosgel;
• probiotics - iBififir, uLactovit.

Ukungena kwe-entryovirus kubantwana - unyango lwe-rash

Ukubonakaliswa kwekhumba kwesi sifo kwipilisi ethile ayifuniyo. Ziya kutshabalala ngokwazo, ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-enterovirus ebantwaneni ipheliswe ngokupheleleyo - unyango kunye neziyobisi ze-etiotropic kunye nokukhululeka kweempawu kukunceda ukulahla ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye izilonda ezisuka kwi-vesicles ziyaqeda ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokushiya izibazi okanye ukonakala.

Ukutya xa kwenzeka usulelo lwe-enterovirus kubantwana

Ukutya okuchanekileyo kuthathwa njengenye yemigaqo ephambili yokunyanga kwezilwanyana. Ukuba ukusuleleka kwe-enterovirus kufumaneka kwintsana, ukutya kwayo kuhlala kufanayo - ubisi lonina okanye umxube oguqulelwe. Imenyu yabantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kweyoku-1 kufuneka ibe lula ngokukhawuleza kwaye isebenzise ngokukhawuleza. Ukutya kunye ne-infection ye-enterovirus akubandakanyi:

• iimveliso zokutshaya;
• ukutya okuthosiweyo;
• zikhetho, iinqwelwandle;
• ukutya okunamafutha;
• izithelo kunye nemifuno eluhlaza;
• inyama yesobho kunye neenwele;
• i-confectionery;
• kubhaka;
• i juices;
• iimveliso zobisi.

Kunconywe:

• inyama ephekiweyo yokutya;
• i-porridge-water porridge emanzini;
• imifuno ephekiweyo;
• isobho;
• udidi;
• uzvar;
• i cookies;
• iziqhamo zeziqhamo;
• teas.

Ukungena kwe-Enterovirus - iingxaki

Esi sifo ngezinye izihlandlo kukhokelela kwimiphumo ebalulekileyo kunye nobomi. I-enterovirus kwintsana yobuntana ingabangela ukuphulwa okukhulu kwentshukumo yomzimba kunye nokuphefumula. Kwiimeko ezizimeleyo, oku kubangelwa yiphumo elibulalayo. Ukuqhelana nokutheleleka kwintsholongwane ye-enterovirus kubantwana abadala-iimpawu kunye neyeza ezingenakunyulwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, zibonakala ngathi:

• isifo sikashukela;
• orchitis;
• isifo senhliziyo, ukungakwazi ukuphefumula;
• ukukhubazeka okungapheliyo kwindlela yokuphefumula;
• i-edema yengqondo;
• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
• ukuhluthwa;
• pneumonia.

Ukuthintela usulelo lwe-enterovirus kubantwana

Izindlela ezichanekileyo zokuthintela usulelo alukho okwamanje, kodwa uphuhliso olusebenzayo lwezitofu luyaqhubeka. Ukuthintela ukusuleleka kwe-enterovirus kukunyanzelwa kokuzikhusela. Ngethuba leengxaki zesifo, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elifutshane kwiiselferensi ze-leukocyte kunye ne-immunoglobulin Kunconywa. Ukongeza, oogqirha bezingane bazisa rhoqo abazali babo nge-infection ye-enterovirus kubantwana - iimpawu kunye nokonyango owaziwayo kwangaphambili kunokuthintela usuleleko okanye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuthintela okungafaniyo:

• ukuthobela imithetho yokucoceka;
• lukhuni;
• ukutya okunokulinganisela;
• ukuhamba rhoqo kunye nokusetyenziswa;
• ukunciphisa oonxibelelwano nabantu abanokugula.