Iikhukhamba ziyimifuno ehlala ekhoyo etafuleni kulabo abangena kwimpilo enempilo ngexesha lehlobo lehlobo lasehlobo. Uninzi luye lwabhalwa malunga nezakhiwo zabo ezincedo. Ukulula ukulima kwenziwa yile sityalo sonyaka esinezityalo ezinomtsalane, esele kwintsapho yamathanga, ethandwa kakhulu kunye nokufunwa kwamalimi. Ukuqwalasela iziphakamiso ezincedo ezinikezelwe kweli nqaku kwaye uqhelana ne-agrotechnics yokulima iikomkom evulekileyo, unokumangalisa indlu ngokuvuna okuhle kakhulu kwezi mifuno ezinomsoco.
Ukulungiselela Umhlaba
Umhlaba ngaphambi kokutyala ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekileyo kufuneka ulungiswe. Kwaye kuyafaneleka ukuqala ukuwa, ukwenza ama-kilogram ama-humus kuwo wonke umitha wemitha yomyezo. Ukuba umhlaba awufumani isabelo esifanelekileyo sesichumiso se-organic fertilizer, siya kuthintela isivuno. Ngoko, isivuno samakhukhamba esakhula kwindawo evulekileyo, isilwanyana esinomsoco, sinamaxesha angaphezulu kwama-2-3 ngaphezu kwesivuno emhlabathini engazange iqulethwe ngumbandela wendalo.
Ngokumalunga ne-acidity, umhlabathi ongathathi hlangothi ufanelekile ukukhula kwezi mifuno, kunye ne-solanaceae (amaqabunga, iifatate, iitamatayi kunye nepelepele), iiimbotyi (ubhontshisi kunye neeperesi), kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zeklabishi zibhekwa njengezona zinto zilungele ukukhusela iikomkom.
I zihluma
Ukutshala iikomkom ehlabathini kunye nembewu ayikuvumeli ukuba ujabulele imifuno. Inyaniso kukuba iikomkom azikhuthazeli ukushisa okuphantsi, ngoko unokuhlwayela imbewu (ihlume okanye iyomile) kungekudala kukaMeyi. Yingakho le mifuno ikhula ngokubanzi ukusuka kwiimbewu. Ngenxa yale njongo, imbewu ihlwayelwe kwicandelwana elungiselelwe kwangaphambili kwaye lasasazeka kwiiglasi zokutya. Ilungiselelwe ngokuxuba umhlaba ukusuka kwintsimi kunye ne-humus kunye nokuthengwa komhlaba kwiindawo ezilinganayo. I-substrate yongezwa ngokungaxilwanga ngokuchithwa ngamanzi ashushu okanye isisombululo esincinci se-potassium permanganate, ishushu kwi-degrees ezingama-18. Emva kokuba imbewu ityalwe i-centimeter engama-sentimitha, iya kufuneka ifakelwe i-peat phezulu kwaye ifakwe ifilimu. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-5, xa kuvela ihlumela, ifilimu isuswe, ukunciphisa ubushushu ukusuka kuma-25 kuya kuma-15 degrees. Oku kuyimfuneko ukulungelelanisa izityalo kunye nokuthintela ukunweba kwabo. Ngexesha eliqhelekileyo, thatha izithombo ngaphandle emoyeni. Ukunisela kuqhutyelwa phantsi kweengcambu, kwaye akukho mfuyo eyongezelelweyo iyimfuneko.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo zamakhukhamba kwindawo evulekile ngumlenze omnyama kunye ne-anthracnose. Ukuba uchitha amaqabunga okuqala kwiimbewu kunye ne-precursor yabo, ingozi yezi zifo iya kuncipha kakhulu. Ngomhla wama-25, izityalo kufuneka zityalwe kwindawo evulekile.
Sitshala izityalo kwindawo evulekile
Ngaphambi kokutyala izithombo, ibhedi ekhethiweyo yokutshala iikomkom ixakile. Ukuba ubusuku bushushu bomoya abuwa phantsi kwee-12 degrees, ungaqhubeka nokufika. Khetha ixesha lokuhlwa okanye usuku olumnyama. Emva kokuba wenze imingxuma, wongeza i-humus, ezele ngamanzi afudumeleyo, tshintshela imbewu kunye ne-clod yomhlaba kwiingcambu. Ukuthoba umhlaba kwaye uthele amanzi.
Unakekele ukhukhamba
Ukwenza ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekileyo yayilungile, ukucoca iintyatyambo zokuqala ezintathu kufuneka zenziwe! Ngubo abadonsa amandla onke esi sityalo, ukunciphisa isivuno. Kodwa into ephambili xa ukhula emakhukheni avulekileyo emhlaba - ityhila. Ukuthuthwa kuyimfuneko ngexesha lokukhula kwamakhukhamba. Ukuba amanzi akwanele, imifuno yakho iya kuba yintlungu .
Ukongezelela, ukulima ngokuphumelelayo kwamakhukhamba kwindawo evulekile yomhlaba (ikhuthazwa ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezinzima ngexesha elifanayo kunye nokunkcenkceshela), ukunqumla, ukukhulula umhlaba kunye nokucubungula kwizinambuzane.