Izibungu zi-arachnids ezincinci, ezininzi zazo zihlala emhlabeni kwaye zondla ekuqhekezeni umcimbi wendalo, ebambe indima ebalulekileyo ekudalweni kwe-humus. Iikhekhi ezinjalo aziyingozi, ngokungafani nabazalwana abahlala kwingca. Kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa zeentlobo ezithathelwanayo ezisongela abantu, nangona kunjalo, ngokutsho kwicwaningo lwezokwelapha, zonke izilwanyana ezinesihlanu ezisondeza umzimba zi-encephalitic.
Izifo ezisuka kumthi wecala
I-bug ebambelele kwesikhumba inokuphazamisa umntu:
- ukukhubazeka okukhutshwa ngumthi;
- i-encephalitis ephawulwa ngumthi ;
- rickettsiosis;
- spirochetosis;
- Isifo seLyme;
- umkhuhlane wegciwane;
- i-typhus ephathwe ngokukhawuleza;
- tularemia.
Isifo esiyingozi kakhulu esiphumela emva kokulinywa kwekhaksi yi-encephalitis, apho inkqubo ye-nervous central ichaphazelekayo. Kwi-2 - 20% yamatyala, eso sifo siphumo esibulalayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo iziphumo emva kokulunywa kwe-encephalitis mite zinciphisa ukukhubazeka kwamalungu kunye nokukhubazeka.
Ikhakiti isebenza njani?
Ixesha lomsebenzi weekhaksi ngoMeyi-Septemba. Ngokuchasene nesimo sengqondo, ezi zinambuzane aziwa phantsi kwindoda. Baqhayisa emhlabathini phantsi kwengca kunye namagatsha awele. Izibindi aziboni, kodwa zinomqondo ococekileyo wokunuka. Ukujonga ixhoba, ezi zilwanyana ziwela ezinqabeni okanye ngomlenze womntu, uze uqale ukukhupha iimpahla.
Xa ibhokisi liza kulanda, liyakhupha i-anesthetic, ngoko umzuzu wokuluma ungabonakali. Kodwa ngelixa inambuzane ihambahamba emzimbeni ifuna "indawo enhle kakhulu" yokuluma (izibilini, isisu, iintloko zangaphakathi kunye neendolo, emva kweendlebe, ukubola), unokuziva kwaye uzigubungele. Akunakwenzeka ukugubha izambatho zekhakiti.
I-mite eselisayo inokusela igazi ngaphezu kwesisindo sayo ishumi. Isilwanyana esinomlambo sinesayizi esiphantsi kwe-2 ukuya kwi-4 mm, kwaye isiphuzo segazi elinyanisiweyo likhuphuka lisuka kwi-1 - 2.5 cm.
Uncedo lokuqala kunye neelayi yokulima
Ibhokisi kufuneka lisuswe esikhumbeni. I-taurus yakhe igqithise ngokugqithiseleyo emanzini, kwaye kuphela i-proboscis ekhumbeni. Unako ukususa i-mite ngokwakho kuphela xa une-antiseptic esandleni-isilonda emva kokulunywa kwekhakiti kufuneka uphathwe. Ukuba le nto ayifumanekanga, kufuneka uqhagamshelane neziko lezempilo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokukhipha uphawu:
- Uluhlu . Umtya oqinileyo (okanye umtya omncinci) ude malunga ne-15 cm ubude. Kwinqanaba eliphakathi kwalo udibaniso lubophelelwe, olufakwe kumzimba wegciwane ngokusondeleyo kunokwenzeka kwi-proboscis edibene nesikhumba. Emva koko, iiphelo zomtshini uhambela kwesokunxele. Awukwazi ukukhawuleza, ngaphandle koko umzimba wekhakiti uza kuphuma, kwaye i-proboscis iya kuhlala ngaphakathi.
- Tweezers . Izigulane zezokwelapha okanye i-eyebreaker, i-tick body iphihliwe ngokucokisekileyo okanye i-clockwise (kwelinye icala!).
Ukuba i-proboscis yesilwanyana ihlala phantsi kwesikhumba, indawo yokuluma iyaphathwa ngotywala, kwaye "i-remains" yekhakiti isuswa kunye nenaliti engumzimba, njengenqatha.
Inambuzane kufuneka ifakwe kwisitya esivaliweyo kwaye sithathwe kwisikhululo soShishino, apho kuya kugqitywa ukuba isilwanyana sisithintelo sonyango. Ukuba kunjalo, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nangoko ugqirha wakho.
Ukongeza, ukutyelela ugqirha akukwazi ukuhlehliswa ukuba:
- emva kwekhakta ukuluma indawo ebomvu okanye ebomvu eyenziwe;
- iqondo lokushisa;
- kukho intlungu kwiimisipha, intloko;
- kwandisa i-lymph nodes;
- ukukhawuleza kwavela emzimbeni.
Izindlela zokukhusela kumaekethi
- Ukukhuselwa kwamachiza - ezahlukeneyo
ii-aerosols, ezenza iingubo kunye nokuvula izikhumba ngaphambi kokuya ehlathini. - Ukugonywa kuyimfuneko ukuba kufuneka usebenze ngokuchanekileyo kwinqanaba leekethi. Ugonyo lwenziwe kwiimigangatho ezintathu kwaye ukhusela kuphela kwi-encephalitis.
- I-prophylaxis engxamisekileyo - kwiiyure ezingama-72 emva kokulunywa kwekhakheni ye-encephalitis yenza injoza ye-immunoglobulin, eyenzelwe "ukuvimba" intsholongwane.
Nceda nceda! Ukuya eholidini, fumana kwangaphambili apho kusinikwe isitulo esisekufutshane kunye ne-epidemiological, kwaye uzisa kunye ne-antiseptic and tweezers.