E- Estonia, unxibelelwano lwengqondo olungaphazamiseki luye lwasekwa kunye neendawo ezikulo lizwe, kunye neendawo ezininzi zehlabathi kunye nezixeko ezinkulu. Ezinye iinqwelo-moya zase-Estonia zidlulileyo kwiSoviet, emva kokushiya isakhiwo seManyano, izakhiwo zolawulo, ii-runways, iinqwelo-moya kunye neenqwelo zithuthi ziye zahlaziywa kwakhona kwaye zakhiwa ngokutsha ngokwemiqathango yanamhlanje.
Iimimandla zamazwe ngamazwe ase-Estonia
I-Estonia yangoku ikhonza ii-airports ezinhlanu, ezintathu zazo zizwe ngamazwe. Ekubeni ilizwe lifikelela kwiLwandle laseBaltic, isiFinnish kunye neGulf of Riga , kubandakanya iziqithi zaseSaarema kunye neLaumaa, kubalulekile ukuba neenqwelo ezihamba rhoqo zidibanisa iziqithi nelizwekazi.
Ii-airports zamazwe ngamazwe zase-Estonia zihambelana nayo yonke imigangatho yokwamkela nokugcinwa kweenqwelo ezide. Isevisi yoLwandle lokuSebenza nge-Estonian ilawulwa ngokupheleleyo nguRhulumente kwaye ihlolisise ngokukhawuleza ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho weenkonzo zabagibeli.
1. Inqwelomoya yeTallinn . Inqwelununu enkulu kunazo zonke kwilizwe liyi-moya yesikhululo-moya saseTallinn - Iulemiste. Itholakala kumda weedolophu, nje nge-4 km ukusuka kwisixeko sendawo. Ngethuba lokuqala lavulwa kwaye laqalisa ukusebenza ngowe-1936, ukususela ngeli xesha kuninzi ukulungiswa kwakhona, kwaye ngo-2009 kwahlaziywa ngokutsha, emva koko yaba yinye yeenqwelo-moya ezininzi eYurophu. Emva kokuhlaziywa kokugqibela, isikhumulo sezindiza sanikwa isimo seburhulumenteni se-Estonia sase-Estonia, esibizwa ngokuba ngumongameli welizwe elilodwa-uLennart Mary.
Akukude ne-Yulemiste yiyona ndawo ehamba phambili yeechwep. Isikhumulo sezindiza sinempawu ezihlukile:
- Ixhotywe ngomzila owodwa ubude obungama-3500 m kunye nobubanzi beemitha ezingama-45, ukusuka kwisigxina esiphezulu kukho amasango e-8 ahamba ngabakhweli.
- I-Airport ye-Tallinn iyakwazi ukwamukela iindiza eziphakathi, ezifana ne-Boeing 737-300 / 500 kunye ne-Airbus A320, kunye neenqanawa ezinkulu zee-Boeing-747.
- Ngonyaka unqwelomoya unokwazi ukukhonza abagibeli abayizigidi ezi-2.
- Isikhululo esikhulu sabathengi sakhiwa iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseMoscow ngo-1980, kwaye ukususela ngo-2007 ukuya ku-2008, i-terminal yavuselelwa ngokutsha, leyo leyo yanika amandla amakhulu kunye nokukwazi ukujamelana nokuhamba kweendwendwe kwilizwe elifika apha emva kokuba i-Estonia ijoyine i-EU.
Nge-airport ulemistri kukho inkonzo yokuthutha kawonkewonke, ngoko iibhasi 2 ne-65 zifikeleleka lula kwiziko leziko.
2. I- Airport yeTartu . I-Tartu yeso sixeko esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Estonia. Isiqithi-moya sedolophu sakhiwe ngo-1946 kufuphi nedolophana yaseYulenurme, kungenxa yoko kungabizwa ngokungafanelekanga ngegama lale ndawo. Itholakala kwi-9 km ukusuka kwiziko leTartu.
Kwixesha elide emva kokuba i-Estonia ihambe e-USSR kwisiza sezindiza saseTartu kwakungenayo iindiza eziqhelekileyo, kwakubonwa njenge-airport eyongezelelweyo e-Estonia. Emva ko-2009, iindiza eziqhelekileyo zeFlybe Nordic ukuya eFinland ngezihlandlo ezithandathu ngeveki kwimimandla yazo.
I-terminal ye-passenger ye-Yulenurme yakhiwa ngo-1981, kwaye sele ikhona ngo-2005 i-terminal ishintshwe kwakhona kwaye ubude be-runway banda ngo-1800 m.
Akukude neqonga lase-Tartu yi-Academy Aviation Academy.
3. Isiza sezindiza sasePärnu . Isiqithi-moya sisekufutshane ukusuka kwisixeko sasePärnu, sakhiwa ngo-1939. Emva kokungena kwe-Estonia ukuya e-USSR, isikhuphelo seParnu sasisetyenziselwa njengendawo yamagunya omkhosi. Kodwa ukususela ngohlobo lwe-1992, uMphathiswa weSebe loKhuseleko wase-Estonia uzimisele ukutshintshela isikhumulo sezindiza kwiimfuno zoluntu. Kuze kube ngo-1997, kwakhiwe izakhiwo zendlela kunye nezolawulo.
Namhlanje isikhumulo sezindiza sasePärnu senza iindiza eziqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kweli lizwe kunye noqhagamshelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye neSweden, kuthatha kwaye kuthatha iindiza ukuya eStockholm ngeveki.
4. Iholide yeKuressaare . Isikhululo-moya sase-Estonia saseKreressaare sihamba ngeenqwelo zokuhamba ekhaya, sihlala kwisiqithi saseSarearea. Uvulo lwakhe lwaseburhulumenteni lwaye ngo-1945, ukususela ngeli xesha, ukulungiswa kwakhona kwenziwa kancane kancane. Isakhiwo esikhoyo sendawo yesiganeko savulwa ngo-1962. Namhlanje, iKuressaare ivelisa ukuhamba okuqhelekileyo okudibanisa isiqithi kunye nenkunzi yombuso, kunye nexesha lokutyelela iindawo zokutyelela iinqwelo-moya kwisiqithi sase-Ruhnu sase-Estonia.
5. I- Kärdla Airport . I-Airport ye-Kärdla ifumaneka kwisiqithi sesibini esikhulu se-Estoni sase-Hiiumaa, esingekude nedolophu yaseKärdla enegama elifanayo. Yavulwa ngo-1963 kwaye ihamba ngokufudukela eTallinn , eTartu , iVormsi, i- Haapsalu , i-Kaunas, i-Murmansk ne- Riga . Emva kokuba i- Estonia ithole ukuzimela, i-Kärdla Airport yanciphisa inani lendiza. Namhlanje esi sigqeba somoya sisebenza kakuhle kwaye sisoloko sithatha izindiza ukusuka eTallinn.