Izixhobo eziyinxalenye yazo zonke ukutya ziprotein, i-carbohydrate kunye namafutha. Ukuqhutyelwa kwazo, iinxalenye zesithambo somzimba zisindisa i-enzymes yokugaya i-digestive ekwazi ukuhlukanisa nokuguqula izixhobo zeemveliso kwizinto, iivithamini kunye nama-amino acids ezifunekayo emzimbeni.
Ii-enzyme ezisisiseko zesistim sokutya
Ukunyangwa kwento nganye yokutya, amaqela enzyme alandelayo akhoyo:
- ICarbohydrases. Zenzelwe i-hydrolysis yamagqabhejini, umzekelo, ushukela kunye nesitashi ukuya kwizinga le-glucose.
- Proteases. Kuxhomekeke kwi-cleavage yeeprotheyini ze-protein ze-amino acid kunye neepepptide ezimfutshane.
- Lipases. Iipilisi zicutshungulwa, ezibangele ukubunjwa kwama-acids acids, glycerin.
- Nuclease. Ukusetyenziswa ukugaya i-nucleic acid kuze kube yilapho i-nucleotides ifunyanwa.
Iimvumi zeendlela zokugaya zihlala zingamaqela amaninzi, ngokuqala ngomlomo womlomo, apho izilonda ze-salivary zivelisa i-ptyalin (i-alpha-amylase), nto leyo eyimfuneko yokucoca kwe-molecular weight starch.
I-Pepsin ne-gelatinase ziveliswa kwisisu. Okokuqala i-enzyme ijoliswe ekusebenzeni amaprotheni ukuya kumgangatho weep peptides, okwesibini kukhuthaza ukugaya kwee-collagen fibers kunye ne-gelatin equle inyama.
Ibhunga eliphambili elinoxanduva lokutya okuqhelekileyo yi-pancreas. Ichonga ezi zilandelayo:
- i-steupsin (ifake amafutha);
- i-trypsin, i-carboxypeptidase, i-chymotrypsin, i-elastases yokugaya iiprotheni kunye ne-elastin;
- i-nuclease - inceda ukucwangciswa kwe-nucleic acids;
- i-lipase-ithintela i-triglycerides (amafutha), awayekade ekhutshwa yi-bile emathumbu;
- i-amylase ekwenzeni unyango lwe-glycogen, i-starches, nezinye i-carbohydrate.
Kwi-intestine encinci, inkqubo yokutya ukutya iqhubeka ngoxa uncedo lwe-enzyme enjalo:
- enteropeptidza, alanine aminopeptidase yokuguqulwa kwama-trypsinogens kunye neep peptides ezenziwe emva kwesenzo se-pancreas nesisu;
- izinto ezinokuhlukanisa izichaso kummandla we-monosaccharides (maltase, lactase, sucrose, isomaltase);
- i-erepsin yokulungiselela iiprotheni;
- intestinal lipase, inceda ukugaya amafutha asele (triglycerides).
Kwakhona, i-enzyme yokugaya iveliswa ngama-microorganism ahlala emathunjini amakhulu. Ngokukodwa, i-E. coli kunye ne-lactobacilli zenza igalelo le-lactose ibe yi-lactic acid.
Ukulungiswa kwee-enzyme zokugaya
Ezinye izifo zesondlo sesisu zidibene neliphulo ekuvelweni kweekhemikhali ezithandwayo. Iimpawu zokunqongophala kwe-enzyme yokugaya kubangela ubuninzi bezinto eziphazamisayo ngendlela yesifo seentlungu, ukugubha, ukugubha isisu, kunye nokuhlanza, ukuguquka , ukukhupha kunye nokukhathazeka kwesibonda. Ukuphelisa ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kwekliniki, kufuneka usebenzise loo myeza:
- Pangrol;
- Pancreatin;
- Creon ;
- Mezim Forte;
- Vestal;
- Gastenorm Forte;
- Penzicam;
- Umdla;
- Panzim Forte;
- Mikrazim;
- Panzinorm;
- Penzital;
- Hermitage;
- Pancreal;
- Enzistal-P;
- Pancreatym;
- Pancrelipase;
- Pantcitrate;
- Pancrenorm;
- I-Digestal Forte;
- Panolez;
- Normoenzyme Forte;
- Inzala;
- Biofestal;
- Dimethicone;
- Himopsin;
- Combicin;
- Enzyme.
Kukho i-enzyme yokugaya imvelaphi yemifuno, ngokuqhelekileyo isekelwe kwizicatshulwa ze-rice fungus papain:
- Oraza;
- Pepphysis;
- Solizim.
Inhibitors ye-enzyme yokugaya
Isimo esichasene nesifo sengqondo, ukuveliswa kwempahla engaphezulu kwezinto ezichazwe ukutyalwa, kudinga ukucinezelwa kwemveliso yabo. Kule nto, okubizwa ngokuba yi-antiferment amalungiselelo asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubunzima bepakreas nokukhusela umsebenzi we-enzymes:
- Gordoks;
- Traskolan;
- I-Pantrypine;
- Iintlangano;
- i-aminocaproic acid;
- Traskolan.