I-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa yithuba lokusukela ekukhulelwe kuze kube sekupheleni kweveki yeshumi elinesibini. Iimpawu ezincinci zezitho kunye neenkqubo ziyakwazi ukwenza ifom kuze kube yintokazi efunda ngesimo sayo esithakazelisayo. Ukuphuhliswa kwentombazana ngexesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa akubonakali kakhulu kwabanye, kodwa umntwana ozayo, obizwa ngokuba ngumntwana, ukhula ngesibeleko ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuphuhliswa kwe-fetus ngenyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa
Ngenyanga yokuqala ukuqhuba iimvumba zabo, ngamnye umfazi kufuneka alumke kwaye alumkele yena kunye nosana. Ukunyamekela okunjalo kunye nokunyamekela kuya kunceda ukubeletha umntwana ophilileyo novuyo.
Ngoko, kwenzeka ntoni ngenyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa? Ekubeni ngosuku lwesine emva kokuchumisa, iqanda "lifika" kwisigxina se-uterine. Kule nqanaba lophuhliso, yindawo ephethe amanzi kwaye iqulethe malunga neeseli ezilikhulu. Ekupheleni kweveki yesithathu, ukufakelwa kweqanda kwi-uterus kuqala. Xa le nkqubo igqityiwe, umbungu kwinyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa kudla ngokuba yi-fetus.
Ukuphuhliswa kwentlungu kwinyanga yesibini neyesithathu
Ngethuba leenyanga zesibini neyesithathu zokukhulelwa, iintsholongwane zonke izitho zangaphakathi kunye neenkqubo zomntwana zibekwa. Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesithathu, ilungu ngalinye lomntwana linomnye iseli enye, kwaye inkqubo yokujikeleza isondele ekuqulunqweni kwayo. Kule ndlela kukho oku kulandelayo:
- Iifowuni ezenza izwi ziqala ukuza;
- Baqala ukwenza imisebenzi yabo yemisipha, umntwana uzama ukuhambisa izibamba, imilenze, ujika entloko, uvula umlomo wakhe, uzama ukugwinya nokunywa;
- kwixesha elisuka kwishumi elinanye ukuya kweveki yeshumi elinesibini kubonakala i-reflex yokubamba;
- Izitho zangasese zangaphandle zenziwe kwaye ukusuka kwiphepha lesithoba ukuya kwiveki yeshumi elinesibini umntwana "ufumana" ngesondo;
- ukwakheka kwepentecenta kuphelile.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwi-trimester yokuqala kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa, kuqhelekile ukuba uhlolisise umntwana. Ngenxa yoko, i-ultrasound yenziwa kwaye uvavanyo lwegazi lomama lwenziwa. Ezi ndlela zenza kube lula ukucacisa ubukho bomntwana abaneengxaki ze-chromosomal okanye i-genetic disorders. Ubunzima bomthi womlomo wesibeleko, intliziyo yeemvuthu kunye ne-pulse ihlolwe kwakhona. Kwakhona ngale ndlela, unokwazi ukufumana i-correspondence yokuphakama kunye nesisindo somntwana kwisithuba sokukhulelwa.
Ngoncedo lokuhlolwa kwegazi, umxholo we-β-subunit ye-chorionic gonadotropin kunye neprotheni ye-plasma inokumiselwa. Ukuba iziphumo zibonakalisa ukungahambi kumgangatho oqhelekileyo, oku kungabonisa ubukho be-VLP kunye ne-genetic pathology kwintsana.