Phakathi kweziyobisi eziseva kunye nokubangela ukuphazamiseka, enye yeendawo zokuqala i-meldonia, isenzo emzimbeni ongenakuthandayo kuphela oogqirha kunye nezigulane, kodwa nabadlali bezemidlalo, abantu abaqhelekileyo nabasemagunyeni abangenazo iingxaki zempilo ezikhethekileyo. Yintoni ekuthathe i-meldonium, yintoni imiphumo ezayo emva kokumkela kwayo, siya kuqwalasela ngakumbi.
Meldonius - yintoni le chiza?
I-Compound meldonium (i-Mildronate - igama loshishino lonyango) lakhiwa kwiminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe ekhulwini lokugqibela yenzululwazi yaseLatvia yaseKalvinshem kwaye yayisetyenziswa ekuqaleni kwezolimo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezilwanyana, iinkukhu kunye nezityalo. Inkunkuma yinto efana nesakhiwo se-gamma-butyrobetaine, i-precursor carnitine, into eyenziwa emzimbeni kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Enye yemisebenzi ye-carnitine inxulumene neenkqubo ze-metabolic kwaye iqukethe ukuthutha ama-acid acids kwiisensi ze-muscle, apho amafutha aguqulwa abe ngamandla.
Ukususela ngo-1984, i-meldoonia, isenzo emzimbeni oye wafundiswa nanamhla, saqala ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni kwiyeza. Ngo-2012, wafakwa kwiluhlu lwezilwanyana ezibalulekileyo eRashiya, kwaye ngowama-2015 i-World Anti-Doping Agency yavumelekile ukuba le mveliso isebenzise kwimidlalo yezemidlalo (abaphandi bangaphandle baye bafumanisa ukuba i-meldonium idlwengula). Namhlanje isicatshulwa sifumaneka kwiifommesi kwiifom ezintathu: iifomsile, isiraphu kunye nesisombululo seenjini.
I-Meldonium - umgaqo wesenzo
Siza kubona ukuba yintoni umphumo we-muldonium onamaqhina omzimba. Ekubeni le ngqungquthela, ukuba ngumfanekiso we-gamma-butyrobetaine yemvelo, kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukutyunjwa kwe-carnitine, oku kuquka ukuphungulwa kwenkqubo yokudlulisela amafutha kumaseli omzimba. Esi siphumo sibaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lokusilela kwe-oksijini efunyanwa yintliziyo yesisipha, kuba i-acids ye-fatty acids kunye ne-absence oksijithi yangexesha elilodwa, i-oxidation engaphelelanga ye-acids iyenzeka ngokuhlanganiswa kwezidakamizwa eziyingozi kwintliziyo.
Ngokuhambisana nokunciphisa i-metabolism ye-fatty acids ngaphantsi kwefuthe le-meldonia ukwanda kwinqanaba le-carbohydrates linyuka, okufuna ukusetyenziswa okungaphantsi kwe-oksijeni. Ndiyabulela kule nto, ukubunjwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-ATP (umthombo wamandla), ukubuyisela ukulinganisela phakathi kwemfuneko yeeseli kwimoya ye-oxygen kunye nokunikezelwa kwayo kwangempela ngegazi, kuphelisa ukuhlanganiswa kweemveliso eziyingozi kwiiseli.
Ukongezelela, kunye nale nkqubo, ukwanda kwimixholo ye-gamma-butyrobetaine, enezakhiwo ze-vasodilating, ibonwa. Oku kuqulethe ukusilahla imisipha yegazi, ukukhulisa i-lumen yemithambo yegazi, ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi, okubhekiselele kwimimandla yeengingqi.
Sibhala zonke iziphumo eziphambili ezifunyenwe ngokufumana imeldonia:
- myocardioprotective;
- i-antihypoxic;
- angioprotective;
- echasayo;
- ukuphucula ukujikelezwa kwegazi;
- i-tonic effect;
- unyamezelo olwandisiweyo, amandla okusebenza;
- Ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi okugcina ngexesha elifutshane;
- kuncipha ngobunzima beempawu zengqondo kunye nomzimba;
- ukujongwa kwezifo zamaselula;
- ukupheliswa kwe-alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Yintoni ukusebenzisa i-meldonium?
Ukunikezelwa kwimpembelelo kumzimba we-meldonium, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukuyisebenzise kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nokusilela kwe-oksijini kunye nokunyuka kwengcinezelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwiinjongo zonyango, le nkunkuma ayisona sigxina esisisiseko kwaye ayisetyenziswanga ngokwahlukileyo, kodwa imiselwe njengenxalenye yonyango elipheleleyo. Umboniso waseMeldonia kumachiza unalandelayo:
- ukuhluleka kwentliziyo engapheliyo;
- isicic heart disease;
- i-myocardial infarction;
- angina pectoris;
- dystrophy;
- ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-cardiovascular of nature function in adolescence;
- i-dystonia ye-neurocirculatory kwi-adolescents;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- ukungakwazi ukuphazamiseka;
- Izifo zamehlo zihamba kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi okungahambi kakuhle kwi-retina yelihlo;
- ukubola kwiqhekeza kweso;
- i-thrombosis ye-vein central okanye amasebe e-retina yamehlo;
- i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela okanye imvelaphi yomshukela ophezulu;
- utywala;
- i-pathology yenkqubo yokuphefumula, ihamba ne-oxygen engenako (i-bronchitis engapheliyo, i-asthma ye-bronchial);
- kuncipha kwintsebenzo yengqondo okanye yomzimba wemvelaphi eyahlukileyo;
- Ixesha elimva emva kokungenelela okuhlukeneyo.
Meldonium - sicelo
Sebenzisa i-meldonium kwiipilisi, isiraphu okanye kwifom ye-injection (nge-intravenously, intramuscularly okanye parabulbar - isingeniso ngesikhumba sehlosi ephantsi). Imilinganiselo, ukuphindaphinda kunye nobude bokumkela kuyamiselwa ngabanye, kuxhomekeke ekuxilongeni nasebunzimeni besimo somguli. Kuyafaneleka ukuba siqonde ukuba isilwanyana asikwazi ukuthathwa ngaphandle kwenjongo yonyango, kuba ukuphazamiseka kokufakelwa kwintsebenzo eqhelekileyo yentliziyo, ukuphulwa kwe-metabolism esungulwe yendalo ingaba nemiphumo emibi.
Meldonium kubadlali
Ukwazi ukuba i-muldonia iyakwenza njani emzimbeni, kuyacaca ukuba kutheni abadlali bawusebenzisa. Isixhobo sisetyenziswe kuzo zonke iintlobo zemisebenzi yezemidlalo: ii-athletics, i-tennis, i-biathlon, ukulwa, ukubetha umzimba, ukubhukuda nabanye. I-Mildronate kwimidlalo isetyenziselwa ukufezekisa iziphumo ezilandelayo:
- ukuthintela ukuqokelela kwiiseli zemveliso enobungozi ye-fat acid acids;
- ukugcinwa kwamandla emetabolism kwiiseli zengqondo kunye nokuphuculwa kokusebenza kwazo;
- ukwandiswa kwemvumelwano ye-myocardial;
- ukuphucula umxhelo wesondlo;
- ukwandisa ubukhulu nokusebenza koqeqesho;
- ukunciphisa ukukhathala;
- Ukuphucula ukubuyiswa komzimba emva kokuzivocavoca.
Umyinge wesilinganiso semini yesigidi kubadlali ababa ngu-15-20 mg kilogram yesisindo kwifom ye-capsule. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iyeza zemizuzu engama-30-40 ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi ophambili. Inkqubo yokwamkelwa isuka kwenye ukuya kwiinyanga, emva koko kufuneka wenze ikhefu ubuncinane inyanga 1. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhuphiswano lwe-meldonium lwamkelwe ngaphakathi kweeveki ezingama-2-3, kwaye ngexesha lokhuphiswano - kungekho iintsuku ezi-14. Okwangoku, isicatshulwa sivinjelwe kwimidlalo emikhulu, kwaye abathathi-nxaxheba, egazini labo le nto ifunyenwe, ayakufanelekanga.
Meldonias kwiSwekile
Kungekudala, i-mildonia isetyenzisiwe ngohlobo lwe-2 kunye nohlobo lwe-1 lweswekile, ngokusekelwe kwiingcaphephe ezibonisa ukuba inokwenza ukunciphisa ukuxubusha kwe-glucose egazini. Ngelo xesha, uxinzelelo lwe-insulin alunyuli. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwesi sifo, isilwanyana simiselwe ngokusetyenziswa kwexesha elifanayo le-metformin (i-agent yokunciphisa ushukela ukusuka kwiklasi ye-biguanide). Ukonyango okunjalo, ukongeza ekunciphiseni ushukela wegazi, kunika iziphumo ezilandelayo:
- ukuthintela ukuphela komsebenzi kunye nokulahleka kobubele kwintlungu;
- inkxaso yentliziyo ye-muscle, ukubuyiswa kweenkqubo zokuxilongwa kuyo;
- ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo sikashukela, i-neuropathy kunye nokukhuluphala;
- ukuthintela izilonda ze-retinal.
Meldonias nge-arrhythmia yentliziyo
Ukuba iintliziyo zeentliziyo zisebenza ngokungalunganga, isiqhelo senhliziyo esivamile siphukile - i-arrhythmia. Kule meko, iingcali ziyakuncoma i-meldonium, isicelo kwiyeza elibonisa iziphumo ezilungileyo. Xa usebenzisa isicatshulwa kwiinkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufikeleleke ukuzinza okuzinzileyo kwisigqi seentliziyo. Ngenxa yokuthatha izilwanyana kwizigulane, umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i- angina pectoris , i- myocardial infarction iyancipha.
Meldonium ukusuka kwingcinezelo
I-Meldonium, isiphumo saso emzimbeni sibonakalisa ngakumbi ngokwemisebenzi yesimo senhliziyo, iya kuba luncedo kwizigulana ezinegazi eliphezulu. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba iziyobisi, kunye neziphumo eziphambili zokwelapha (phakathi kwazo ziyimpembelelo ebalulekileyo ye-vasodilating yokunciphisa uxinzelelo), kunceda ukunciphisa izinga lokunyuka kwe- cholesterol egazini -isizathu esifanayo soxinzelelo lwegazi. Kule meko, izigulane zinganconywa ukuba zisebenzise i-meldonium intramuscularly.
Meldonium utywala
I-meldonia esebenzayo esuka kwi- hangover , ukubonakaliswa kwezibonakaliso zokuhoxiswa kwizigulane ezinxilisayo. Isilwayo asikuphucula kuphela impilo, kodwa ikhusela nokuqala kwemiphumo emibi ehambelana nemiphumo yotywala entliziyweni nasengqondweni. Umlinganiselo wesilinganiso esisodwa kule meko ngu-500 mg, ezithatha amaxesha 3-4 ngosuku ngemini ye-7-10. Izifundo zonyango ziqhutywe kwixesha eliphakathi kweenyanga ezi-1-2.
Meldoniy kusuka ekukhathala
Kwezinye iimeko, iyeza meldoniy eziqeshwe ukukhathala okungapheliyo ezinxulumene nokunyuka kwengqondo nengqondo, kwaye xa umzimba uphelelwe ngenxa yesifo esihlala ixesha elide. Isilwayo, esinemiphumo emihle kakhulu, sinceda umzimba ukuba ubhekane noxinzelelo ngaphandle kokulimala kwenkqubo ye-cardiovascular, kunoko ukubuyisela, ukuphelisa ubuthathaka nokulala.
Imiphumo ye-Meldonium
Masibhale ukuba yeyiphi imiphumo engalindelekanga i-meldoniy inokukhupha:
- ukuxhatshazwa, ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- intloko;
- ukungcola;
- ingxolo ezindlebeni;
- ukuthuthumela;
- buthathaka;
- uloyiko;
- utshintsho lwegazi;
- tachycardia;
- ungakhathazeki entliziyweni;
- i-pallor okanye i-hyperemia;
- dyspepsia;
- ukukhwehlela;
- intsimbi yensimbi emlonyeni;
- umlomo owomileyo;
- intlungu yesisu;
- isifo sohudo;
- imisipha yomzimba;
- ukuvuvukala;
- iimpendulo ezivakalayo (ukukhawuleza, ukubetha, i-edema ka-Quincke) nabanye.
Ngaba i-mulberry iyalisebenzisa?
Kufunyenwe ukuba i-meldonium kunye ne-Mildronate, kunye nokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, bayayilumkisa kwabanye abantu. Okubonakalayo ingumphumo ombi wabadlali abaya kuthi, emva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa, baqala ukufumana iingxaki zengqondo - ukuziva bengenakulungelelaniswa noqeqesho okanye ukhuphiswano, ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza, ubuthathaka.
I-Meldonium - ingqinisiso yokusetyenziswa
Ukuchaswa kweMedicum meldonium ekuqeshweni kulandelayo:
- uvelwano lomntu ngamnye kumacandelo esilwayo;
- uxinzelelo olusandayo;
- ukuguguleka okanye ukungafihli, ngokukhawuleza;
- ukukhulelwa, ixesha lokuncelisa.
I-Meldonium - izifaniso zokulungiselela
Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuthatha iziyobisi ezine-meldonium, izifaniso ezibonisa imiphumo efana neyo-pharmological ingasetyenziswa ngokuvumelana nesiqirha. Amayeza afaka:
- Dibikor;
- Vero-Riboxin;
- I-Berlition;
- Coenzyme Q10;
- Lipamid;
- Riboxin .