Ngeemeko zeplani yasendlini kunokwenzeka ukuba sikhule ngokuphumelelayo ubuninzi bezityalo zeberry ngaphantsi kwesimo sokushiya okuchanekileyo kunye nesondlo esongezelelweyo rhoqo. I-Gardenbriberries, ukutshala okubhekwe njengenye yeyona nto elula xa kuthelekiswa nama-strawberries angenangqondo okanye i-gooseberries, inokunikezela kwi-5 kg yeebriji ezivela entlangeni kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Imithetho yokutyala i-blueberry
Izihlahla zeBerry zizalisa ngokuvelisa izityalo kunye nendawo enye inokukhula ukusuka kwiminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwi-40, ngoko ke ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kokutyala kukuqinisekisa ukuba impilo kunye nesivuno esiphezulu sityalo. Ngaphambi kokutshala ngokufanelekileyo intsimi ye-blueberry, kufuneka ukhethe ngokuchaneka okufanayo kwenzalo, leyo ngexesha lokutyala kufuneka ibe ubuncinane iminyaka emithathu ubudala. Ukutshintshela kwibhede lokusisigxina liya kuphumelela ukuba zonke iimeko zidibene:
- ukufakwa kwe-peat turf ye-acidification;
- ukusetyenziswa kwe-substrate elula kunye ne-sawdust yokubuyisela emva;
- ukuthungwa kwemigodi yokuhamba ngokubanzi ubuncinane ubuncinane be-60 cm.
Indlela yokutyala umyezo weblueberry?
Ukutshintshwa kwiindawo ezivulekile kuphela i-shrub ene-root system evaliweyo - ngale ndlela ingakwazi ukuhlala kwiipotyi okanye kwiipomplethi zeplastiki. Vula iingcambu, ezibonakaliswayo xa uhambisa umtshini ukusuka kubhentshini ukuya kumbhedeni wegadi, zibuthakathaka, ngoko ke zincinci. Enye imigaqo malunga nendlela yokutshala igadi ye-blueberry ibandakanya:
- Ngaphambi kokuba utshintshwe, isitya kunye nesityalo sinyanzelwe ukuze kube lula ukususa isitya sobumba.
- Ingcambu yesityalo ngokuncediswa kwe-scapula isuswe kwaye ihlambuluke ngokucophelela umhlaba ogqithiseleyo kunye nama-clods amakhulu e-loam.
- Ibhola le-blueberry lingcwatyelwe emhlabathini ngokulindela ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinane be-5 cm yomhlaba uya kugubungca iingcambu.
Nini ukutshala i-blueberry jardin?
Iibhakabhaka zeBerry zingatshintshwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kodwa nganye yeentlobo zokutyala zinamacandelo. Isizathu sokumisela ekuxazululeni ingxaki yexesha lokutshala i-blueberry yintsimi - entwasahlobo okanye ekwindla, kufuneka kubekho ubukho bezityalo ezenze iifama. Ukuba isityalo sithengiwe entwasahlobo kwaye iifleji sele zikhona, i-blueberry kufuneka ifakwe ngokukhawuleza kwindawo evulekile. Ukuthengwa ehlobo okanye ekupheleni kukaMeyi, isiqithi esinamaqabunga phantsi kwemozulu epholileyo sinokulindela ukutshala ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba kwipompo yemeko efanelekileyo.
Indawo yokutshala i-blueberry bush
Le berry yenkcubeko inokulinganisela kuyo yonke into - ukufumana ukukhanya, umthamo wezichumisi kunye nomgangatho wamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Ngoko-ke, khetha isigxina sokutshala i-blueberry garden ingaba nomemo omncinci wokukhetha indawo efanelekileyo kwihlathi:
- Ngenxa yokuba isityalo asinyamezeli ukuvela kwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, izinga labo kwindawo ekuhlaleni akufanele libe kufuphi nomhlaba ngaphezu kwemitha.
- Isityalo sithanda ipumbra. Abagadi bezolimo abanamava baye baqaphela ukuba ama-blueberries, ekhulayo emthunzini wemithi yezityalo esekelwe kwicala elinye, abe nebala elimnandi ngelixa amajikijolo avuthwa elangeni okanye emthunzini opheleleyo, ayenziwayo kwaye aphelelwe ngokukhawuleza.
Ukunyamekela ama-blueberries emva kokutyala
Ukuxubusha kunendima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozeni isivuno sehlathi. Iingcambu zesityalo zikhuselekile nge-sawdust, inaliti ze-spruce okanye ezinye izinto zokugubungela ehlobo nasebusika. Ngethuba lokutshala naluphi na uhlobo lwegadi ye-blueberry, kunye nokunyamekela ezinye iibroji, zibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-mulch njengento yokugcina umswakama emhlabathini, kwaye kwangexesha elibandayo likhonza "njengefudumala" kwiingcambu zeblueberries. Ngaphandle koko, iziphakamiso zokunyamekela izityalo zeberry zizona zilula:
- Ukhula kunye nokungabikho kwe-oksijini kwiingcambu zizitha ezimbi kakhulu zokuvuna. Ukuqhawula rhoqo kunye nokukhululeka ngokuguqula umgca ophezulu womhlaba ukuya kwi-2-3 cm ukugqiba ngokupheleleyo le ngxaki.
- Ukususwa kwezityalo zangaphandle kwiibondari ezilandelwe. Kwimizuzu engama-70 ukuya kuma-80 ukuya kude ukusuka kwindawo apho i-bergberry yimiyezo ikhula khona, ukutshala kwezinye izityalo ezineenkqubo ezinamandla ezinqamlekileyo, kuba ziza kubakho iivithamini kunye nokugqoka okuphezulu emhlabeni.
- Ukuprining ukubeka i-skeleton eqinile. Yonke iminyaka emibili ehlathini isuse yonke i-vegetative buds ukuze iqine isityalo kunye nophuhliso oluphucukileyo kwixesha elizayo. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, onke amasebe aphukileyo okanye abolileyo aphethwe naliphi na ixesha lonyaka.
Ukulungelelaniswa kokutyala kwegadi ye-blueberry - ukuthambisa
Indlela yokunisela i-blueberry ibizwa ngokuthi "urhulumente wamanzi", sele sele ibonisa ngokubalulekayo ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani kumgangatho ophezulu womswakama emhlabathini. Isityalo sihlale sidinga, ngoko musa ukuvumela umhlaba ukuba umile. Ukutshala nokukhula nayiphi na intlobo yegadi ye-blueberry kufuneka ixhomekeke kule migaqo elandelayo yokunisela:
- Nangona imbewu ingapheli kwaye amaqabunga amasha avela kuyo, umhlaba phantsi kwesi sityalo kufuneka ube njalo unomanzi.
- Ngenyanga yokuqala, ukuthambisa ixesha eli-3 kugcinwa ngeveki.
- Ukuqala ukususela kwinyanga yesibini emva kokutshintshwa, isiqithi siyadluliselwa kwiveki ezimbini zokuthambisa ngeveki.
- Ngexesha lelanga lasehlobo, i-berryberry yasendle ifafaza ngamanzi abandayo kwi-gun spray ekuseni.
Ukutshala izithombo zeblueberries zasegadi
Ngokuchasene nezityalo zemifuno efana nezichumiso eziphilayo, le berry ayinyamezeli. Ukhetha izinto zamaminerali ezibandakanya izinto apho i-shrub idinga isigaba sokukhula. Ukuqonda indlela yokwenza oku, ukuba kunqunywe ukutshala i-blueberry kwintsimi yasemaphandleni, kuyimfuneko ukwahlula ixesha lokukhula kwalo ekubonakala kwimiqabunga yokuqala ukuvuna kwizigaba ezintathu ezilinganayo, ngasinye sizaliswa sisityalo. Ukuqonda ukuba yiyiphi into ekufuneka isetyenziswe, ukubonakala kwe-blueberry kuya kunceda:
- Ngokukhula kancinci kwezihlumela eziphambili, ukubonakala komthunzi ophuzi kumagqabi okanye ukubunjwa kwamajikijolo amancinci, i-nitrogen isetyenziswe njengesichumisi.
- Ukufa kweengcebiso kunye nokusika kwamagqabi kunye nokufunyanwa kwe-purple hue kubo kubonisa ukusilela kwe-phosphorus.
- Ukufunyanwa kwamagqabi e-apical e-blue hue ngoko nangoko emva kokutyala umyezo we-blueberry ubonisa isidingo sokondla okongezelelweyo ngesiseko se-boron.
- Umbala ophuzi omhlophe wamagqabi okanye ukubonakala kwe-mucus emhlophe kumahlumela kubonisa ukungabikho kwesulfure.
Yintoni endingayitya ngayo kufuphi negadi ye-blueberry?
Ukucwangcisa ukutyala kwamajikijolo kwintsimi, akudingeki ukuba ucinge nje ukuba zeziphi izityalo ezikhulayo kumyezo wonyaka odlulileyo kwaye ziya kuba zilandelayo. Akwanele ukwazi impendulo kumbuzo wendlela yokutshala kakuhle i-blueberry - kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ummelwane ungonakalisa amahlumela awo. Ekubeni ukufakelwa kweejikijolo kunxulumene nobunzima kunye nokusinda okubi, kuyimfuneko ukubeka isityalo esingathathi hlangothi ecaleni kwayo, kungekhona i-oxidizing inhlabathi. Ezi ziquka:
- parsley;
- i thyme;
- ukhukhamba;
- zucchini;
- rosemary;
- ngqolowa.