Ngokuqhelekileyo ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid kwenzeka ngokumalunga nemvelaphi yokuntuleka kwe-iodine eqinile emzimbeni, umxholo onganeleyo kweli qela ekudleni nasekusingqongileyo. I-exception yi-goiter ye-sporadic, efunyaniswa kubantu abahlala ngaphandle kwemimandla engapheliyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukunyuka kweengxube ze-endocrine isitho kwenzeka ngenxa yezinto ezingahambelani nobungakanani, kodwa ukuxutywa kwe-iodine emzimbeni.
Kutheni kukho i-goiter ye-thyroid ye-sporadic gland?
Izizathu eziphambili ze-pathology ezichazwe:
- ukwamkela i-lithium carbonate okanye imishangulo ngesiseko sayo;
- iimpawu zokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwamanzi kunye nokutya (umxholo ophezulu weemveliso ze-humic);
- ubukho be-thyroid gland neoplasms;
- ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-hormone eziphazamisa ukuxutywa kwe-iodine;
- ukukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa;
- izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-iodine metabolism okanye i-hormone ye-thyroid;
- izifo ezingapheliyo zesistim sokutya.
Ukwahlula kunye neempawu zokuhamba ngokukhawuleza
Ngokuhambelana nemeko yokutshatyalaliswa kwequmrhu le-endocrine, iindidi ezilandelayo ze-goiter ziyaziwa:
- nodular;
- u sasaza;
- i-node-multiode;
- zixutywe.
Ngokutsho kwesakhiwo sokwandisa izicubu ze-thyroid gland:
- i-tubular;
- i-parenchymatous;
- ulandelelwano;
- colloidal.
Ngokuxhomekeke kumsebenzi:
- hypothyroid;
- euthyroid;
- hyperthyroid.
Kwakhona, kukho uluhlu lwezilwanyana ngobukhulu be-goiter (1-5 degree).
Impawu zendlela yokwandiswa kwentsholongwane ye-thyroid iyabonakala kuphela ngokunyuka okukhulu kwimihlobiso ye-endocrine:
- ukuxinwa kwe-trachea, i-esophagus, imithwalo yegazi kunye neentsimbi;
- bradycardia ozinzile;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukuhlaselwa kwesifuba;
- intlungu entliziyweni , entloko;
- owomileyo, ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu;
- iziphazamiso ze-neuro-autonomic;
- ukuqhuma entanyeni.
Ulwaphulo lwesifo luyimfuneko kwi-3-5 degrees. Njengomthetho, kubandakanya ukuthatha i-triiodothyronine okanye i-thyroidin.