Ziziphi izizathu ezibalulekileyo ze-autism?
Ngaphambi kokuba uthethe ngeempawu zokuphulwa okunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izizathu zayo eziphambili.
Phakathi kwabo, phakathi kookuqala, oogqirha bathi ugugu. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba omnye wabazali okanye izihlobo zakhe eziseduze nale ngxaki, ngoko ukubonakala kwakhe kwintsana kuyomkhulu.
Kwakhona, kwiphando lophando, izazinzulu zithintela ukuba i-autism ikhula ngokubhekiselele kwezinye izifo ezinxulumene nokuphulwa komgaqo-intrauterine wophuhliso lweemvumba.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uluvo lwabazali ngokwabo lujamelene nale ngxaki ngokuphathelele ukuba imbangela yokuphuhliswa kwayo ichanekile.
Ubunjani ukubonakala kwabantwana abangakhubazeki?
Ukuthetha malunga nendlela yokuqonda iimpawu ze-autism kwintsana , ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba akunakwenzeka ukwenza loo minyaka. Njengomgaqo, kwipilisi yonke imiqondiso yoluphulo olunjalo luhlukaniswe ngamaqela amathathu:
- yentlalo;
- u kuthetha;
- zichazwe.
Uhlobo lokuqala lweempawu ze-autism kubantwana ludibaniswa nokuphulwa kohlengahlengiso lwentlalo. Ukubonakala kwabo abazali kubona kuphela iminyaka emi-2. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umntwana ukhetha ukuhlala wedwa, engafuni ukudlala kunye noontanga lwakhe, ngamanye amaxesha, engabanaki. Xa uzama ukuqhagamshelana, umntwana ngokuqhelekileyo akabuki emehlweni omnxibelelwano wakhe, nokuba ungumthonyama okanye umntu ongaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, akavumelanga ukuba aziphathe. Abantwana abanjalo basabela ngokukhawuleza kuba khona okanye ukungabikho kwabazali, Abanye abantwana abanokuphulwa okunjalo babonisa ukungabi nantoni ngokugqithisileyo, ngelixa abanye behluke - abanako ukunyamezela nokuba kungekho umzuzu wamapapa okanye unina. Ukuphendula kwaba bantwana kwizinto ezenzekayo ngeenxa zonke akunakwenzeka.
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-autism kubantwana, njengempawu zokuthetha, kubonakaliswe ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwentetho, okanye ngamanye amaxesha ukunyanzeliswa kwezakhono zonxibelelwano, Ngesinye isikhathi uqala ukuthetha nabanye abakuzungezile kwaye ulahlekelwe ngumdla kubo. Kwakhona, umntwana onokukhubazeka okufanayo akayena unomdla kwizinto ezizungezile, ihlabathi elikujikelezayo alinomdla kuzo zonke. Intsana ayidla ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ayisoze iphendule ukunykoma kwabanye. Phantse yonke imizamo yokuseka incoko kunye nomntwana onjalo. Kwintetho ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana namazwi angekhoyo okanye ukuphinda nje ukuphinda ibinzana eliva kubantu abadala (echolalia).
Izimpawu ezibonakalayo (iimpawu) ze-autism kubantwana abancinci zibonakaliswa kukuba iintsana ezinjalo ziphinda zihamba ngokufanayo zihamba ngokulula ngaphandle kokuyeka. Ukulungelelaniswa kwiimeko ezintsha zobomi kubakho ubunzima obukhulu. Umntwana kunzima ukunyamezela ubukho bemizi ebantwini kwaye uzimisele ngokuthe ngqo kwixesha eliqhelekileyo.
Indlela yokuchonga oko kuphulwa kwinqanaba lokuqala?
Iimpawu zobunzima be-autism kubantwana kunzima ukuchonga. Abanye abazali babhala phantsi ukuphulwa okunjalo kwiimpawu zobuntu, ngaphandle kokubaluleka kokubaluleka kubo.
Nangona kunjalo, ebusweni beempawu ezilandelayo, ngamnye umama kufuneka alwayilwe aze axubushe ngoku malunga nogqirha:
- Isiqingatha somntwana asithandi;
- Kwiinyanga ezili-9 akukho ukulandelwa kwezandi;
- Unyaka ongu-1 akawucongi, awuthetheli ubuncinane ezinye izandi ezikude, ngamanye amaxesha, zifana namazwi, isenzo asikho;
- iminyaka kunye nesiqingatha asisho igama elinye;
- kwiminyaka emi-2 ayichazi amagama ukusuka kumagama amabini okanye ngaphezulu.
Xa kukho ubukho beempawu ezifanayo ugqirha wenza iimvavanyo ezizodwa ezivumela ukubonakalisa ukuphulwa komntwana kunye nokunyula unyango.