Ii-Antennas zeTV ziyaziwa ngokususela ekuqaleni kwimbali yethelevishini, kuba ngaphandle kwe-antenna i- TV ayifumani uphawu. Ngaphambili, abantu basebenzisa izixhobo zangaphakathi okanye zangaphandle ezixhunywe kwi "bhokisi" itambo. Le teknoloji ye-analog yokubamba iimpawu ezisuka kwinqaba yeTV yakhona namhlanje. Ngexesha elifanayo, inani leziteshi likhawulelana, kwaye umgangatho wesithombe uhlala uthanda ukufunwa.
Ukuzisombulula ezi ngxaki, ekugqibeleni abantu badala i-TV ye-satellite. Kule meko, akusekho i-analog, kodwa isignali yedijithali ayidluli kwinqaba yeTV, kodwa ngeedetelliti ezijikelezayo kwithuba elingaphandle. Oku kuye kwaba yinto enqabileyo, ayifumaneki kuwo wonke umntu.
Inkqubela phambili ayizange imise, kwaye inkqubo yethelevishini eyinkimbinkimbi yenziwa - idijithali. Iquka iindlela ezininzi zokudluliswa kwedatha:
- ngokusebenzisa umbhobho weTV (umhlaba);
- ngokusebenzisa ikhebula (i-cable yedijithali yeTV);
- ngokusebenzisa i-satellite;
- ngokudibanisa kwi-intanethi ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (IP-TV).
Ngamnye kubo unikeza ukufikelela kumaziko e-TV angaphandle nakwamaphandle angaphandle.
Isitya seSatellite seTV
Ukuba ngaphambili, i-dish ye-satelliti yayisisityebi kwaye sabona ngomona "iiplate" ezindlwini zabantu abacebileyo, namhlanje kwakukho ukunciphisa okubonakalayo kwiindleko zabo, ngenxa yendlela umboniso we-satellite owafikeleleka ngayo.
Isitya esihle se-satellite ukuze iTV ibambe inani elikhulu leziteshi. Umgangatho wesimboli uhle kakhulu. Inokunciphisa kuphela imvula eninzi ngexesha lemvula okanye iqhwa.
I-antenna ye-Digital yeTV
Njengoko sele kukhankanywe ngasentla, kukho iinketho ezininzi ze- TV yedijithali , ngokulandelanayo, nganye nganye kukho uhlobo lwe-antenna. Indlela yokukhetha i-antenna yeTV, xa ukhetho lukhulu kakhulu? Ungawahlukanisa ngamaparitha amaninzi. Ngoko, kwindawo yokufakela ingaba:
- ii-antenna zangaphakathi;
- antenna zangaphandle.
Igumbi, njengoko kucacile kwigama, zifakwe ngaphakathi kwendawo ebizwa ngokuba yindawo efanelekileyo yokumkela. Kwiidolophana nakwiidolophana zeeholide zentlambo, akufanelekile ukulinda imifanekiso enjalo ephakamileyo ukusuka kwii-antennas ezinjalo. Ukuphucula umgangatho womfanekiso, kulungele ukusebenzisa i-antenna yegumbi nge-amplifier yeTV.
Ama-antenna angaphandle angcono kakhulu kwiiparitha zawo kwaye angasetyenziswa phantse yonke indawo. Kunzima ukufaka i-antenna enjalo, kwaye kukho amava athile, kodwa umphumo ufanelekile umzamo.
Ngohlobo lokukhulisa i-signal, i-antenna ihlukaniswe ngo:
- i-passive;
- esebenzayo.
Ama-antenna angenayo ayamkela kwaye akhulise umqondiso ngenxa yobume bawo bejometri. Ngethuba elifanayo, abanalo izixhobo zokukhulisa-abaqhubi okanye ii-microchips. Ngenxa yolu hlobo, ii-antenna ezinjalo azibandakanyi nasinye isandi okanye ingxolo eyongezelelweyo kwisignali efunyenweyo, ngokungahambisani neenkcukacha zekhompyutha. Nangona kunjalo, abakwaziyo ukuqinisekisile ukufumana ukuphakama okuphezulu ngenxa yokukwazi ukulinganisela.
Ama-antenna asebenzayo akhulisa isignali efunyenweyo kungekhona kuphela ngenxa yobume bayo, kodwa kunye ne-built-in okanye ye-electronic amplifier ekhoyo. Liyondla i-antenna enjalo kumandla. Ingumthombo wokuphazamiseka kunye nengxolo kwezinye iimeko: xa kunommandla ngaphandle kokumkela ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba i-amplifier inokukhulisa ngokweqile okanye i-amplifier iveliswa ngumenzi ongaziwayo, oko kukuthi, unobungakanani obubi.
Ngokweziganeko ezifunyenweyo, ii-antennas zedijithali zi:
- umzila;
- bhinqa;
- ukutshintsha konke.
Amashaneli esiteshi afumana amashaneli ahlukeneyo ahlukeneyo kwaye ayasetyenziswanga ngababukeli abaqhelekileyo, kodwa kunjalo kwiimeko ezizodwa.
Ama-antenna amaninzi asetyenziswa kwiimeko xa kuyimfuneko ukuthatha i-MB kuphela (amaza emitha) okanye i-DMW (amaza e-decimeter). Ngoko e-Russia kuphela i-DMV-range isetyenziswe, kwaye i-antenna esebenzayo kule ndlela ibone ngokwaneleyo.
Zonke ii-antennas ezivakalayo zodwa ziyakwamkela izigaba zombini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ababukeli beTV bathengisa iipenethi ezinjalo, kuba bafuna ukubamba iziteshi, basasazwa kwii-MV ne-DMV-bands.