Abasetyhini abaninzi banikezwa isifundo se-biological fluid ebizwa ngokuba yi-coagulogram. Inceda ugqirha wokunyanga ukufumana imeko ye-hemostasis, ukuchonga ubukho be-hyper- or hypocoagulation. Ukongeza, izigulane ngokwabo ziba lula ukuqonda iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ukuba bayazi ukuba luhlobo luni lokuhlalutya i-coagulogram, yintoni ekujoliswe kuyo, nendlela yokuyichaza ngokuchanekileyo.
Yintoni ebandakanyiweyo kuhlalutyo lwe-coagulogram?
I-Hemostasis yinkqubo ejongene nokuvumelana ngokuqhelekileyo kwegazi, kwakunye nokukwazi ukuvala. Nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka kukukhokelela ekubunjweni kwe-thrombi, ebonakalayo kwimilenze ye-varicose, i-pathologies ye-cardiovascular disease, izifo ezizimelayo kunye nezifo ze-hepatological, okanye ukuhla kwezinga le-biological fluid (i-haemophilia, ukuphuma kwintsholongwane ngenxa yokulimala kwemisipha encinci).
Ngaloo ndlela, i-coagulogram iyahlukana nokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele kunye ne-biochemical according to the indices. Iquka kwinguqulo yesiseko:
- I-PTI (i-prothrombin index), i-PTV (ixesha leprothrombin) okanye i-INR (i-standard normalized ratio). Uvavanyo lokugqibela luqwalaselwa njengolwazi olubanzi kunye nolwazi jikelele. Ezi zikhombisi zivumela ukuba ubale ixesha lexesha apho i-clot yegazi ifomathi kwindawo yokulimala.
- I-Fibrinogen yiprothini enoxanduva lokubonakala kwe-thrombi njengendlela yokugqibela yokugcoba kwe-biological fluid kwaye iguqulwa ibe yi-fibrin.
- Ixesha loThrombin. Imiboniso, kuba liphi ixesha elivela kwi-fibrinogen lenziwa i-fibrin.
- I-APTTV (i-activated partial thromboplastin time). Isalathisi sikuvumela ukuba urekhode ixesha lokubunjwa kwamacandelo egazi.
Ulwazi olongezelelweyo lwe-coagulogram lufumaneka kwiimvavanyo zegazi malunga neeramitha:
- iplasma ibekezelela i-heparin;
- protein C;
- D-dimer;
- ixesha lokubuyisela i-plasma (GRP), iparameter esebenzayo (AVRP) ikwaqwalaselwa kwakhona;
- antithrombin;
- I-RFMK (i-complex monomer fibrin monomer);
- lupus anticoagulant.
Ezi zibonakaliso ezongezelelweyo zifuneka ukuba uxilongo oluchanekileyo ngakumbi xa kukho ukusola ngesifo esithile, ingakumbi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Ukulungiselela ukuhlaziywa kwecoagulogram
Imfuno yodwa kwisigulane ngaphambi kokuba uqhube isifundo kukukhanyela ukutya iiyure eziyi-8 ngaphambi kokuba uqokelele umbane. Kunconywa ukunikela ngegazi ekuseni, kodwa oku akusiyo umthetho oqinileyo.
Ingakanani i coagulogram ihlalutyiweyo?
Ixesha elifunekayo lokubala isalathisi sokwenza isifundo ngumhla wokusebenza ongu-1. Ingadlula ixesha elichaziweyo, kuxhomekeke kwisixhobo esifakwe kwibhubhoratri, kunye nesidingo sokuthutha impahla (kungekho iintsuku eziyi-3-4).
Uhlalutyo lwe-coagulogram
Ukuchazwa kwesi sifundo kuqulethe iiparitha ezifunyenweyo kunye neenqobo zokubaluleka.
Zizo:
- Kwi-PTI-ukusuka kwi-80 ukuya kwi-120%. Ukuba oku kudlula, ubunqongophe be-vitamin K bunokwenzeka emzimbeni, kwaye ubuchule obuncitshisiweyo begazi ukuvala bufunyenwe. Ukuba i-RTI ingaphantsi kwesiqhelo, oku kungabonisa urhulumente ongenaxhumo.
- Kwi-PTV kunye ne-INR-ukusuka kwi-78 ukuya kwi-142%. Ukuphambuka kule parameters kufana neyo-PTI.
- I-fibrinogen - ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-4 g / l (kubakhinti abakhulelweyo banokwanda ukuya kwi-6 g / l). Ukwanda kwenani lento kubonisa ukuthambekela kwe-thrombosis, kunye nokuhla kwexabiso le-DIC syndrome okanye i-pathologies yesibindi.
- Ngexesha lokuthintela - ukusuka kwi-11 ukuya kwe-17.8 imizuzwana. Ukuphambuka kweparameter ukusuka kwisiqhelo kuhambelana ngqo nesalathisi sangaphambili kunye nokugxininiswa kwayo.
- I-APTTV - ukususela kwi-24 ukuya kwi-35 imizuzwana. Ukuba ixesha lingaphantsi, oku kubonisa isimo sengqondo esichengileyo. Ngenxa yokwanda kwe-hemophilia, i-DVS-syndrome 2 okanye ama-3 degrees.