Enye yeendlela zokukhusela izityalo kwizinto ezimbi ezingokwemvelo kuhlanganiswa komhlaba. I-Mulch ithathwa njengento yokugubungela umhlaba kufuphi nendawo yokutsalwa kwezityalo. Abo banqwenela ukufunda malunga nokuxubha umhlaba, yintoni na indlela yokuyisebenzisa, kuyimfuneko ukufunda ulwazi luncedo kwesi sihloko.
Yiyiphi i-mulching izityalo?
Ukunika inkcazo ecacileyo yile nto, kunokwenzeka ngendlela elandelayo: okubizwa ngokuba yindawo yokukhusela yomhlaba kufuphi nomyezo wegadi kunye negadi yezityalo kunye nobuncwane bezinto eziphathekayo kunye namanzi kakuhle. Le ndlela yokucwangcisa izityalo ezaziwa ngabagadi bexesha elide. Abaninzi abazange bazame ukuyisebenzisa ngokusebenzayo, kuba ekuqaleni abayikholelwa ekusebenzeni kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, abo balimi abasebenzisa le ndlela, baqinisekiswa ngempembelelo entle kwisiphumo sokuvuna. Abanye abalimi banokuba neemfihlelo zabo zokumisa.
Ungayifaka njani umhlaba?
Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuguqula umhlaba zingabonakali kwaye zingekho. Abameli bezilwanyana zokuqala emva kwexesha eliqala ukubola, ngelixa belondla umhlaba. Ziyakuthonya umgangatho womhlaba. Ukuqulunqa izinto eziphathekayo ziguqula i-asidi yomhlaba, ngoko kufuneka usebenzise zonke izinto.
Iimitha zokuhamba eziphilayo ziquka:
- umyezo kunye ne-mushroom compost;
- amaqabunga owomileyo kunye ne-foliar humus;
- umgquba kunye nomququ;
- Izinto zokwakheka ngemithi (i-sawdust, shavings, njl);
- utshani;
- utshani;
- i-eggshell ;
- ukutyhalwa kwezinto ezininzi zemithi (i-nettle, i-legumes, i-comfrey, i-yarrow kunye nabanye).
Izinto zokwenza izinto ze-mulching ezidalwayo ezingenangqungquthela ziye, ngaphezu kwokhuselo, kwakhona umsebenzi wobugcisa. Ezi ziquka ezi zinto zendalo ezilandelayo:
- ilitye;
- shale;
- i gravel;
- ilitye elityumkileyo;
- izibhulu zeemabula;
- granite crumb;
- izinto zokwenza izinto ezinemibala.
Ukuxubusha nge-sawdust
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zezichumisi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-sawdust yindlela yokonga, yinto enobungozi bokusingqongileyo. Kodwa ukudibanisa nge-sawdust kunemibala enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo. Ngoko ke, ngenxa yezi njongo, kubalulekile ukwenza i-sawdust (kungekhona okokuqala ukungcola nokucoceka) kwi- compost . Eli lixesha elihle leli xesha lonyaka, ngoko bavuna ngokukhawuleza.
Ukulungiselela i-mulch kwi-sawdust, i-shavings ezitsha zokhuni ngobuninzi, urea, umlotha kunye namanzi kuya kufuneka. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba ungeze utshani, utshani obunamatye kunye nenkunkuma ehlukahlukeneyo. I-Urea ixutywe kunye namanzi ade apheliswe ngokupheleleyo. Esi sixazululo sitshisa izithako zokuxuba. Kunconywa ukuba ungeze umgquba kwi-mulch. Ngoko ukuhlanganiswa akuyikukhusela kuphela umhlaba kwizinto ezimbi ezingokwemvelo, kodwa ziya kugcwalisa nezinto ezincedo.
Ukuqhawulisa nge-straw
I-straw njenge-mulch yomhlaba ingasetyenziselwa yedwa okanye inxulumene nezinye izinto zokwakha uhlobo oluthile. Umphumo omhle ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuhlanganiswe ne-compost okanye i-hay. Njengoko nayiphi na enye indlela yokuchumisa umhlaba, u-straching mulching unobungozi kwaye unobungozi. Enye yeempazamo eziqhelekileyo zabalimi yindawo yokufihla umhlaba onobubanzi obuphezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, isahlulo sayo esezantsi sibolile.
Ngomhlaba wodongwe, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise umquba otyongwe. Ufafaza umgca we-2 cm (engaphezulu). Emva kweeveki ezi-2 ungakongeza i-mulch ngobuncinane. Isiphumo esihle kakhulu sinika i-mulching kwi-straw cut with manure. Le nto ibonakalayo ifanelekile ukuba i-composting yomhlaba (enye indlela yokwenza i-mulching). Inkqubo yokucubungula okunjalo iquka oku kulandelayo: ukutshintshana kweengcambu zomququ, umgquba, ukutyumba kwezityalo. Konke oku kuhlanganiswa ngumgangatho weebhedi ezilungiselelwe. Ukuphucula umphumo wesichumisi kufuneka kudla amanzi.
Ukuqhawulwa kweentyatyambo zengca
Ukulungelelanisa imisonto yome utshani, intsha ayilungile. Ukuqhawulwa ngotshani kwenzelwe kwiibhedi zangaphambili zokhula kunye namanzi amaninzi. Umhlaba kufuneka ufudumale ilanga, ngaphandle koko ukukhula kwezityalo ngaphantsi komgca we-mulch kunganciphisa. Ingca iyahlanjululwa kwinqanaba elingu-5-7 cm. Kancinci iya kuba yincinci, kwaye kuya kufuneka ukuba uthele i-mulch encinci ukusuka phezulu.
Ukuxubusha ngeetayiti zeeqanda
Ngokungafani nama-mulching elula, iitereyitha zizinto ezininzi ezinomxholo, iphepha elincinciweyo. Ngaloo nto, akukho ukhula oluphukayo, kwaye iitereyi zigcina ngokugqibeleleyo umswakama. Ukuxubusha umhlaba kunye neetayi zeeqanda zikhulula ngokupheleleyo umhlaba, zenza umhlaba ukhululeke kwaye uphucule isakhiwo sawo. Ukuba awuqhubeki kwietayi egcinwe kwiibhedi, kwaye uhambe endleleni ekhululekile kubo, ezi zinto azikwazi ukuphonswa kwaye zisetyenziswe kunyaka ozayo.
Ukuqhawulwa ngamaphepha
I-Peat njengendlela ye-mulch isebenza njengokuhlamba izondlo ezisemhlabeni. Le nkunkuma ivimbela ukuphuhliswa kwezityalo eziphilayo kwizityalo. Le mibhobho akufanele isuswe ebhedeni - i-peat idlula emhlabeni. Ukuqhayisa i-peat entwasahlobo inika izimo ezifanelekileyo zokufumana isivuno esicebileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zendalo kukukhuthaza ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwezityalo.
Ukuqhawulisa ngeenaliti zamapine
Izilingo ze-mulching okanye iilini zamapayipi ngumchamo omhle kakhulu. Kunconywa ukuba ungeze iinaliti ngqo kumhlaba. Ngoko umgangatho womhlaba okhulelweyo uya kuphucula kakhulu. Ukuqhawulisa ngeedineli zineenaliti kwandisa ukuhlaziywa komhlaba. Ngelo xesha, le nto ibambezela ukukhula kwezinye izityalo. Ukususela kwiitamatisi ezinjalo, ikhukhamba, i-aubergines ikhula kakuhle. Kunconywa ukuba kusetyenziswe izilonda zepine kunye nentsha kunye ne-hay (ingaba yintlobo). Umxube obangelwayo kufuneka ubola ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
Ukuqhafaza ngepine bark - imithetho
I-bark yemithi ye-coniferous yokuxubha iyakulungele ukucwangcisa iiberry kunye nezolimo zityalo ezingapheliyo. Umlenze onjalo uphelela ngokugqibeleleyo amanzi kwaye ngoko awuvumeli ukuba uphume. Ngenxa yokulondoloza umswakama, iingcambu zezityalo azime. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamagxolo okuxubha umhlaba kuthintela izityalo ekufumaneni i-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus. Ngako oko, kuya kubakho ukongeza ukwandisa umhlaba nge-nitrogen kunye neephosphorus concentrates.
Abagadi bezolimo balithatha umgaqo wokubeka phantsi kwe-mulch efana nalunye ugcino lwengca yomdaka kunye nekhadibhodi okanye iphepha eliqingqiweyo. I-bark kwaye iyakhusela ngokucacileyo iibhedi kwokhula, kwaye ngokunxulumene nalezi zinto, umphumo wokukhusela ukwanda kuphela. Ukuxubusha komhlaba kunye negxolo kunconywa ukuba kuqhutywe ekwindla. Omnye umgaqo: lo mbhobho akufanele uthinte i-bark of bushs okanye imithi. Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-cortex iyancipha ngexesha lokuqhawula.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abalimi abanamava abangenalwazi bafuna ukwazi ngokumalunga nomhlaba, yintoni na indlela yokuyisebenzisa. Inzala enjalo kule ndlela ayimangalisi. Ukuqhawulwa kwehlabathi sele kudume ngokudumala ngenxa yempembelelo yayo. Ukuvelisa kwandisa amaxesha amaninzi kunye nokunakekelwa kwezityalo kuba lula, kuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-mulch akufuneki ukuthambisa rhoqo.