Ukuhlangana kwamadolo omntu kunzima kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwalo kukho iifom ezimbini zokubamba, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-menisci ye-cap. Benza umsebenzi wokumangalisa xa behamba, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana ngaphakathi kunye kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba kwabo ngokweqile. I-cartilage yangaphakathi ibizwa ngokuba yi-cartilage, kunye ne-cartilage yangaphandle. Ngokuqhelekileyo imbangela yentlungu emadolweni yinto nje ye-meniscus yeqabunga lamadolo.
Iimbangela zeengxaki kunye namadoda
I-Meniscus iyakwazi ukuphula okanye ukuphuka ngokupheleleyo - kwenzeka phantsi kwefuthe lefuthe elimandlayo elikhatyayo kwindebe, edlalwa rhoqo ngabadlali. Ukulimala kwiifom ze-caltix kwimeko ye-calyx iyenzeka ngexesha lokuguquka okubukhali kwezibilini ngaphakathi / ngaphandle. Ukulimala okuqhelekileyo kwidolo edibeneyo kukukrazula kwe-meniscus ngenxa yokuguqa ngamadolo ekhoneni lezitebhisi.
Ezi zilandelayo zidilesi zokuphuka ziyahluke ngohlobo lomonakalo:
- nga pheleli;
- gqi bezela;
- ehambayo;
- zi tyhafile;
- efana nentsimbi;
- longitudinal.
Uhlobo lokugqibela lokulimala lubizwa nangokuthi "ukuphathwa kwamanzi".
Iimpawu zoxinzelelo
I-meniscus edibeneyo yamadolo enobungozi idinga unyango, kwaye iimpawu ezibonisa ukuxhwalazeka zingabonakala zomelele. Njengomthetho, iziguli zikhalaza malunga:
- intlungu ebukhali emadolweni - esisigxina okanye ebonakalayo kunye nokunyuka kweenyawo ezithile;
- nqakraza ehamba kunye nokuguqa kwamadolo;
- ubunzima ekukhuphukeni / ukwehla izitebhisi;
- intlungu ngexesha lokuzilolonga, ukudlala imidlalo;
- ukuvuvukala kokubambisana.
Ngamanye amaxesha ukuxilongwa kwegazi elinjalo kwi-joint-hemarthrosis ngumpawu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-meniscus edibeneyo yamadolo ayonakele ayizibonakalisi, kwaye izibonakaliso ezichazwe ngasentla zingekho. Nangona kunjalo, ngexinzelelo olunjalo, kukho intlungu ebuhlungu emadolweni obunzima obuhlukeneyo kunye nendawo - yisignali yokuqala ye-alamu efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo kwiklinikhi yokugulisa.
Diagnostics
Ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo, ukuba ibe yimbangela yokukhusela ibhokisi elihlangeneyo akunakwenzeka. Ingabangelwa kuphela ngenxa yokuphuka kwe-meniscus, kodwa nangenxa yokulimala komgudu ongaphaya kwesigidi, okanye ngokubambisana kwe-splinter cartilage, ephawulekayo kwisifo seKönig. Ezinye izifo ezifumanekayo ziyi-osteochondral fracture, i-plica syndrome, kunye nokunye okunjalo.
Ukuqinisekisa isizathu sokukhutshwa kwegodlo, oogqirha benza i-imagination magnetic resonance - le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuhlolisisa i-menisci kwaye iqinisekise uhlobo lokuphuka. Kwezinye izibhedlele, endaweni ye-MRI, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yokubambisana kusetyenziswa, kodwa kunika umbono ongaphantsi kwenjongo yokulimala. Kodwa i-X-ray ekuxilongweni kwaloo monakalo ayiluncedo ngokupheleleyo.
Unyango lwe-knee yama-meniscus
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukhathaza i-meniscus emelekileyo yamadolo, isiguli kufuneka sinikeze ngoncedo lokuqala. Faka isicelo se-compress frost kwidibaniselwano, shenxisa idolo nge-bandage elastic.
Emva kokuxilongwa, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zobunzima bokulimala, ugqirha umisela unyango okhuselekileyo okanye unyango. Iyokuqala, njengomthetho, iboniswa ekuhambeni komntu we-meniscus, ehamba kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-joint. Emva kokubeka kwakhona iiveki ezi-3, i-gypsum isetyenzisiwe kwaye izilungiso ezingekho-steroid ezimiselweyo: iDiclofenac, Ibuprofen, njl. Amaxesha amaninzi aqeshwe kunye nabakhungelwano be-chondroprotectors , eklanyelwe ukuqinisa ukubuyiswa kwezicubu zomzimba.
Ukusebenza kwi-knee yama-meniscus
Ngenxa yokugqithwa okukhulu kweminissi, i-arthroscopy ibonisiwe. Ngethuba le ntsebenzo, zimbalwa izinto ezincinane ezenziwa malunga no-1 cm ubude. Ngazo, udokotela ohlinzayo uyasusa inxalenye ye-meniscus ehlanjululwe (sele ingenakukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo, ngoko kungadingekile), kunye nenye intsalela ye-cartilage. Ngokukhawuleza emva kwe-arthroscopy, unokuhamba, kodwa kuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iiveki ukubuyisela ngokugcwele idolo.