Iziqhamo ezininzi ezitshatyalaliswayo zingakhula ekhaya, ngokubaluleke kakhulu, zihambelana nazo zonke iimfuno. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokufumana i-avocados emathanjeni ekhaya, ngeempawu kunye neemfuno zazo. Kufanelekile ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza ukuba akubona bonke abantu abanokuphumeza ukubunjwa kweziqhamo.
Ngaba ndingayifaka ilitye le-avocado?
Ekubeni isityalo siphula kakuhle, ukufumana umthi kwilitye kulula, kubaluleke kakhulu, ukugcina imithetho. Kuphawula ukuba ukukhula okuphawulekayo kubonakala ngexesha lentsasa. Njengomphumo wokukhupha i-avocado ukusuka kwelitye ekhaya, unokufumana umthi ongaphezulu kweemitha ezimbini. Ukuze ukhule iziqhamo, kuya kufuneka wenze iinkqubo ezongezelelweyo kwaye kwezinye iimeko zifuna ukugonywa. Ngaphandle kwesiqhamo, i-avocados yabantu abadala bayakuba ngumhlobiso omhle wezinto zangaphakathi, kwaye kunye nesityalo sihlambulula umoya.
Ngaba kuya kuba sisiqhamo esithwala ikhacado elitye?
Kuphawulwe ukuba nangona kukho iintyatyambo emthini, akusiyo into yokuba isiqhamo siya kuqala emva kwabo. Oku kuchazwa yinyaniso yokuba esi sityalo sinendlela eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthungulwa kweentyatyambo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba isiqhamo siboshwe kwindawo enye yeentyantyambo eziliwaka ezi-5. Ukukhulisa i-avocados kwisithambo kwiimeko zezindlu eziza kuvelisa iziqhamo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uzame ngokusebenzisa i-pollination. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa le nkcazo elandelayo:
- Ientyatyambo nganye zivulwe kabini kwaye ngosuku lokuqala lweentyantyambo zine-pistils kuphela. Kubalulekile ukhethe iintlobo eziliqela zeentyatyambo kwaye uziphawule.
- Ngomso baya kuvula kwakhona, kwaye kuya kusebenza njengeentyatyambo zesilisa. Ngombulelo kumanqaku, ungadlulisela impova kwiintyatyambo zeentombi ekhaya uze uzame ukufumana isiqhamo ekupheleni.
Indlela yokutshala kakuhle ilitye le-avocado?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini ongakhula ngayo umthi ekhaya, kwaye wonke umntu unokukhetha ukhetho olufanelekileyo kakhulu.
- Indlela eValiweyo. Ukuthetha ngokweengqungquthela, oku kuluhlu lwe-avocado ekhulayo ukusuka kwithambo eliqhelekileyo ekhaya lilula. Thatha ibhokhwe yobukhulu obuphakathi, okumele kube nomngxuma wamanzi. Gcwalisa ngomhlaba onomsoco kunye nomhlaba, kwaye ke, faka ekupheleni kwethambo. Ubunzulu abufanele ukuba bube ngaphezu kwe-3 cm. Kungcono ukuba ungagcwalisi ilitye ngokupheleleyo, ubeke ii-2/3 izingxenye ngaphezulu komhlaba. Kucetyiswa ukuba ulahle amathambo ambalwa. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezilungileyo baya kuhluma kwiiveki ezingama-2-3.
- Indlela evuliwe . Uninzi lwabantu abanomdla wokutshala i-avocados emathanjeni ekhaya, khetha le ndlela. Ukongeza, umntu unokufumana intsholongwane ngaphezu kweyokuqala indlela. Kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-spacers apho phakathi kwethambo kukho imingxuma emine yamancinci. Kubalulekile ukuba ungayigxininisi kakhulu ukuba ungalonakalisi umnqweno. Emva koko, ilitye lifakwe kwiglasi kunye namanzi ukuze libhaptizwe kumanzi ngaphandle kwe-1/3. Njalo ubukela umgangatho wamanzi. Emva kwexeshana, iingcambu ezincinci ziya kubonakala, kwaye imifuzano iya kubumba phakathi kwe-cotyledons, ebonisa ukubonakala kweentsholongwane.
Liliphi icala lokutyala ilitye le-avocado?
Isiphumo sokuhluma sixhomekeke kwicala lesithambo liye lahlaselwa emanzini okanye kumhlaba. Nciphisa imbewu ngenxalenye encinci. Omnye umyalelo ogunyazisiweyo uhambelana nenyaniso yokuba imbewu kufuneka ibe malunga ne-1/3 yayo yokubhaptizwa emanzini okanye kumhlaba. Qaphela ukuba kwimozulu eshisayo amanzi aphuphuma ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke umgangatho wayo kufuneka ugcinwe. Ukuba ufuna ukutshala ilitye le-avocado ekhaya, omnye umxholo uyakunceda - ukudala umgangatho omhle wobuncitshisi, ungawuvala ibhotile ngebhotile yeplastiki.
Imbewu ye-avocado ikhula njani?
Kukho iimpawu ezininzi onokuzifumana ukuba ithambo lihle, kwaye liya kuhluma. Okokuqala, izityalo ezincinci ziya kubonakala kuyo, kwaye emva kwexesha ikhebhile iya kuphahla kwaye ingcambu iya kubumba kwinqanaba, kwaye kwicandelo eliphezulu lihluma. Ukuba unomdla kwiintsuku ezithatha ukuthatha i-avocado bone ukukhula ekhaya, oko kuthatha kwiiveki ezintathu ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini. Emva koko, unako ukuwela emhlabathini (ukuba wawuhluma emanzini). Yenza oku ngenyameko ukuze ungalonakalisi ingcambu.
- Ukutyala, sebenzisa ibhodi ephakathi. Umxube womhlaba unokuthengwa kwisitoreji okanye kwenziwe ngokwabo.
- Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba i-avocado ayinyamezeli imbalela, ngoko jonga ukuthungwa komhlaba. Musa ukuvumela ukuma nokuhlaselwa kwamanzi.
Indlela yokukhulisa i-avocado kwilitye?
Emva kokutsalwa, xa umthi uqala ukukhula ngamandla, akufuneki kubekho iingxaki ngokushiya. Kukho iingcebiso ezimbalwa malunga nendlela yokukhulisa i-avocade kumathambo ekhaya:
- Isityalo esingumntu omdala asidingi ukukhanya okukhulu, ngoko unokubeka ibhokhwe kwifestile kwinqanaba elingasenyakatho, empuma okanye entshonalanga. Khusela umthi ekukhanyeni kwelanga, kodwa ebusika, kufuneka kubekwe ukukhanya okungeziwe.
- I-avovoc isityalo esithandayo ukutshisa ukushisa, ngoko kuya kuvakalelwa ekhaya ekhaya ngo-14-21 ° C. Isalathisi kwi-10 ° C sele sithathwa njengingavumelekanga.
- Ukuze ufumane umthi omhle njengesiphumo, kuyimfuneko ukubamba i-pinch. Ngokuqala inkqubo iyacetyiswa emva kokuvela kweqabunga lesibhozo. Xa iqela elitsha livela kwiifom ezitsha, ukuphindaphinda.
- Ukhuselo oluvela kwithambo ekhaya linconywa ukuba luhlanjululwe minyaka yonke entwasahlobo, isebenzisa ezininzi izitya ezikhulayo. Xa ubudala bomthi buya kuba yiminyaka eyi-3-4, ke kunokwenzeka ukutshintshela kwi-tub kwaye ungayiphazamisi malunga neminyaka emithathu.
Ukukhutshwa kwamathambo-umhlaba
Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-primer, ekufuneka ikhululeke kwaye ichithe umxhesho, akufanele ifakwe kwaye idibaniswe nayiphi na imeko. Ukuzaliswa kwepalacado ngethambo ekhaya akukwazi ukusetyenziswa ngomhlaba oqiniweyo. Kulungele ukuba lo mthi umxube womhlaba ofanelekileyo, onokulinganisela okulinganayo nomhlaba womdaka, i-humus (i-peat eluhlaza) kunye nesihlabathi esiqingqiweyo. Ukongezelela, kucetyiswa ukuba ungeze i-lime. Ukuze ulungelelaniso olungcono lomhlaba, faka i-claydite encane, i-moss okanye i-peat kwisixube.
Ukulima kwepalacado kumathambo - ukuthambisa
Isityalo esitshatyalaliswayo sifuna ukuthambisa rhoqo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukushisa. Xa kusetshenziswe umthamo omkhulu wamanzi, iingcambu ziyakwazi ukubola kwaye isityalo kufuneka silahlwe. Ukunyamekela ekhaya kwi-avocado ukusuka kwithambo kuthetha ukunkcenkceshela kwesityalo emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba umgangatho ophezulu womhlaba usomile. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukungcola komoya, ngoko ke, kwindawo esomileyo, uchithe yonke imihla. Nceda uqaphele ukuba akusiyo isityalo esityiweyo, kodwa umoya ungasondeli. Ungayifaka ipallet phantsi kwebhodi lobumba lobumba.
Ukukhutshwa kwamathambo ekhaya
Ukuze wenze isityalo sikhule kakuhle, qi niseka ukuzisa izichumisi, kwaye wenze ngcono kangangexesha lokusukela ngoMatshi ukuya ku-Epreli. Inyanga nganye, malunga nokutya oku-2-3 kwenziwa. Ungasebenzisa zombini izimbiwa kunye nezichumiso eziphilayo. Olunye uhlobo olufanelekileyo luyimifutshane yendalo yonke yezityalo zamatye. Ukufumana indlela yokunyamekela i-avocado kwisithambo, kuyimfuneko ukubonisa ukuba izichumisi ezinikezelwe zibalulekile ukukhetha phakathi kwazo. Zingasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kumhlaba kwaye zifakwe kumagqabi. Izindlela zokuchumisa nazo zichazwe ngcono.
Umthi wokukhusela - isifo
Esi sityalo asisoloko sinezifo nezifo, kodwa kwezinye iimeko iingxaki ziqhubeka.
- Phytophthora. I-Fungus, echaphazela inkqubo yeengcambu, ikhokelela ekutshatyalaliswa kwayo. Unokumisela ukuba khona kwayo ngokubonakala kwezilonda kwi-trunk kunye namacembe. Qinisekisa ukuhlukanisa isityalo kwabanye kwaye ususe indawo enesifo.
- Spider mite. Ingxaki iyenzeka xa umoya wobuncwane buphantsi. Ngenxa yoko, amaqabunga aqala ukujika kwaye awele. Ukuba awuqali unyango, i-avocado ekhulile esuka kwithambo ekhaya iya kufa. Kubalulekile ukubonelela ngobuncwane obufunekayo nokuphatha isityalo ngesisombululo sesepha, kwaye kungcono ukususa iindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
- Isifo sobunzima. Ukufumanisa indlela yokukhusela i-avocado enempilo kwithambo ekhaya, kufuneka ukwazi malunga nesi sifo, esibonakala ngentyantyambo ebomvu kwisiqu somthi. Isityalo siqala ukuza kwaye singasindiswa ngesisombululo se-fungicide.
- Ekhaya, i-avocados ingafana nezinye izityalo, zihlaselwa ngesikratshi kunye nesigcawu. Ukujongana neentlobo ezinokuthi zenziwe ngekunceda izilwanyana zabantu kunye nezinambuzane.