I-Multiple Sclerosis isifo esihambelana neuroloji kwaye senziwa ngendlela engapheliyo yokuhamba. Oogqirha bayithumela kwizifo ezizimelayo, oko kukuthi, ekukhuselweni komntu kuqala ngezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuvelisa izifo zamathambo kunye ne-lymphocytes ngokuchasene nezicubu ezinempilo kunye neeseli zomzimba.
Nge- multiple sclerosis, ukuxhatshazwa kwe-immune system kujoliswe kwiimbilini ze-nerve. Ngaloo ndlela, kwigobolondo yabo, ibizwa ngokuthi i-myelin. Le membrane ikhusela iinkqubo zeeseli zesisindo, ezivumela ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ukutshabalalisa le ngxobolongo kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokulimala kwiiseli zesisindo.
Esi sifo asihambelani ngokupheleleyo kwimemori embi, njengoko kubonakala ngathi ngumntu oqhelekileyo. Ukuxilongwa kwe-multiple sclerosis akusoloko kudala, kodwa kunabantu abaselula kunye nabantu abaneminyaka ephakathi (ukuya kwiminyaka engama-40) kunye nakubantwana. Kwaye igama elithi "ingekho-ingqondo" alithethi ngqalelo ingqwalaselo, kodwa ngokungafihli kwengqondo, oko kukuthi, ukusabalalisa kwezinto ezitshabalalisa umonakalo we-myelin kwinkqubo yesantya ephakathi kwintliziyo ukuya emgodleni.
Iimbangela ze-Multiple Sclerosis
Njengezifo ezininzi ezizimele, i-multiple sclerosis isengummangaliso kwizenzululwazi. Isizathu esona sesifo asikabikwa. Kwaye ingqungquthela yesiqhelo ithi lesi sifo senziwa xa kubandakanywa izinto ezinobungozi ezithile, ezinokubakho zangaphandle nangaphakathi:
- I-Genetic factor . Ulungelo ludlala indima engqalileyo ekuqalekeni kwesi sifo, kodwa kusekwa ukuba izihlobo zabagulayo, ngakumbi abazalwana, odade kunye nabazali basengozini enkulu. Umngcipheko wesifo kwiimpama ze-monozygotic ziphakama ukuya kwi-30%, xa kwenzeka omnye wabo egula.
- Isifo se-epidemiological senza uluhlu lwezimbangela ze-multiple sclerosis. Abemi baseScandinavia, eSkotland nakwamanye amazwe aseMntla Yurophu banokuthi bahlupheke ngakumbi kunabo baseAsia. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba iziganeko e-United States ziphakamileyo phakathi kwabantu bohlanga olumhlophe kunabanye. Kananjalo nokuba utshintsho kwindawo yokuhlala luchaphazela umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa eso sifo kuphela.
- Ecology . Kucaciswe ukuba ukunyuka kwanda kunokuxhomekeka ngokuthe ngqo kokungapheli kommandla ukusuka kwi-equator. Ukugqithiswa okunjalo kwe-multiple sclerosis kudibene neemeko ezahlukeneyo zendalo, umzekelo, ukukhanya kwelanga (kwaye, ngokufanayo, inani le- vitamin D lidliwe), elingaphantsi kumazwe asekumntla apho ingozi yokuphuhlisa eso sifo iphezulu.
- Izifo . Iingcali zenzululwazi zihlakulela ngokutsha udidi lolwalamano phakathi kokuphuhliswa kwe-sclerosis kunye neentsholongwane. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa kwii-agent zokwenza i-mononucleosis, i-measle, i-influenza kunye ne-herpes.
- Ukuxinezeleka . Akukho bubungqina obucacileyo bolu mbono, kodwa inkolelo yokuba kukho izizathu zengqondo zokuba i-multiple sclerosis ihlala. Inani lezifo ezinxulumene nazo
kunye neengqondo ze-psychosomatics zivunywe ngokusemthethweni kwaye, ekubeni akukho zizathu ezisemthethweni zesifo, izazinzulu ezisebenza kule ntsimi zihlakulela ngokuthe ngqo le ngqungquthela. - UPawulos . Abasetyhini badla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamaxesha amaninzi kunamadoda, kwaye kudibaniswa nemvelaphi ye-hormonal. Kukholelwa ukuba i-hormone ye-hormone ye-hormone igxotha impendulo ye-immune, kunye ne-progesterone yowesifazane kunye ne-estrogen, leyo leyo, xa ilahlekile, ibangela isifo. Oku kuboniswa kukuba xa ukhulelwe, xa izinga lama hormone landa ngamaxesha amaninzi, zonke iintlobo ze-sclerosis ezininzi zihlala zingaphantsi kwaye kaninzi ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwesi sifo kwenzeka. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokubeleka, xa kukho ukulungiswa kwe-hormonal rhoqo, ukugqithisa kwesi sifo kwenzeka kaninzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo.