Isifo se-Alzheimer - sibangela

Okwangoku, isifo sika-Alzheimer sichaphazela abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-50 emhlabeni jikelele. Kule nqaku siza kuthetha ngezizathu zesifo esicatshulwayo kunye nokuthintela isifo se-Alzheimer ngexesha elincinane. Ukongezelela, sibhala inani lezinto ezichaphazela ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Iimbangela zezifo ze-Alzheimer's

Nangona uphakamileyo lwezolimo zanamhlanje kunye nokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha, akukho ukuqonda ngokucacileyo kwezizathu zokuba ingqondo ichaphazela njani isifo. Kukho iimbono ezintathu eziphambili ezichaza ukuqala kwesi sifo:

1. I-hypothesis ye-amyloid . Ngokwale nguqulelo yeso sizathu sokuphuhliswa kwesifo se-Alzheimer - ukutsalwa kwecandelo leprotheni ebizwa nge-beta amyloid. Ziyinye yezona zinto eziphambili kwiipliti ze-amyloid kwiisisiti zeengqondo ngexesha lophuhliso lwesifo. I-APP ye-gene, ejongene nemveliso yeprotheni kunye ne-beta-amyloid, ifumaneke kuma-chromosomes angama-21 kwaye ikhuthaza ukuqokelela i-amyloid nangobutsha. Okuthakazelisayo, isitofu sokugonywa saphuhlisiwe kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, ikwazi ukwahlula i-amyloid plaques kwiisisiti zeengqondo. Kodwa, ngelishwa, iyeza alizange lichaphazele ukubuyiswa kokuxhamla kwemizwa kunye nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwengqondo.
2. I-Cholinergic hypothesis . Abafundi beli qhinga bathi isifo se-Alzheimer kubaselula nabasemdala kubangelwa ukuhla kwexabiso ekuveliseni i-acetylcholine, i-neurotransmitter elawula ukutshintshwa kwe-electrical impulse kwi-neurons ukuya kwiisisipha ze-muscle. Kule nguqulelo, ininzi yesifo se-Alzheimer's disease regimens isekelwe, nangona uphando lwezifundo lubonise ukuba kwanamachiza anamandla kakhulu azalisa ukungabikho kwe-acetylcholine ayinakusebenza.
3. Tau-hypothesis . Le ngqungquthela ibaluleke kakhulu kumhla kwaye iqinisekiswa zizifundo ezininzi. Ngokutsho kwakhe, i-protein strands (tau protein) idibanisa, ekhokelela ekubunjweni kweengxube ze-neurofibrillary ngaphakathi kweeseli zomzimba ngamnye. Ukuqokelela okunjalo kwe-filaments kukuphazamisa inkqubo yokuthutha phakathi kwee-neurons, ezichaphazela i-microtubules kwaye zivimbela ukusebenza kwazo.

Ukongeza kwiinguqulelo ezisemgangathweni xa kwenzeka khona eso sifo, kukho nezinye iinkolelo zokungabikho kwezizathu ezingenamandla. Omnye wabo usekelwe kwisigxina sokuthi isifo se-Alzheimer sizuze ilifa. Uphando lwezogqirha lubonisa ukuba le nguqulo ayinakuvinjelwa: ukuguqulwa kofuzo ekuqaleni kwesi sifo esibuzwayo kufumaneka kwi-10% kuphela yamatyala.

Ungakuphepha njani i-Alzheimer's?

Ngaphandle kokuzimisela ngokuchanekileyo kwezizathu, kungokwemvelo kunzima ukuphuhlisa unyango olwaneleyo kunye nokukhusela isifo so-Alzheimer's disease. Nangona kunjalo, iingcaphephe zincoma ukuhambelana nokutya okunempilo, okunengqiqo, ukunika ixesha lokumodareyitha ngokomzimba kunye nokugcina umsebenzi wengqondo nokuba xa ushiya umhlalaphantsi.

Ukongezelela, kwaziwa ukuba umveliso we-beta-amyloid ungancitshiswa ukutya iipulo kunye nejusi ye-apula. Kwakhona, ezinye izifundo ezimbini kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo zibonise ukuba umngcipheko wesifo se-Alzheimer sancitshiswa ngenxa yokutya kweMedithera , ezityebi kwi-polyunsaturated fatty acids, i-phosphorus kunye ne-grains. I-Vitamin D , eveliswa ngesikhumba edibanisa nelanga, iyakhusela iziganeko zesi sifo.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ikhofi yendalo, kungekudala ingabandakanywa ngokungafanelekileyo ekudleni kwabantu abaninzi, inempembelelo eninzi kwimisebenzi yengqondo kwaye isebenza njengoluhlobo lokuthintela isifo esicatshulwayo.