Inkathazo nayiphi na iminyaka ibizwa ngokuba ngumtshintsho kwinqanaba elitsha lolwalamano nehlabathi langaphandle. Ezi nkathazo ngexesha lokukhula komntwana zininzi: inzima yonyaka wokuqala , iminyaka emithathu , iminyaka emi-5, iminyaka engama- 7 kunye neengxaki zentsha . Abanye bahlangabezana nabo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngamanye amaxesha babeka abazali ekupheleni kokufa, abanye abantwana bahlala bezolile kwaye bafumana ngokungenakuqondakala. Siza kuxela malunga neengxaki zeminyaka emihlanu, eyenzeka kumntwana ngamnye ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye ihlala iiveki okanye iinyanga eziliqela.
Indlela yokuqonda iingxaki ezinxulumene neminyaka kubantwana?
Uphawu oluqinisekileyo lokuba umntwana uyakhula kwaye uqala ukufudukela kwinqanaba elitsha lonxibelelwano kukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza ekuziphatheni kodwa kungekuhle. Njengomthetho, iingxaki ekuphuhliseni kwengqondo yabantwana zihamba kunye neenguqu ezilandelayo:
- inkwenkwe iyacaphuka kwaye idiniwe, inokukrakra kunye neentloni phezu kwezinto ezinzima;
- abantwana bavame ukuqala ukutshintshisa okanye ukuxubusha, ngamanye amaxesha bazama indima ye-jester, kunokuba badla abantu abadala;
- ngokugqithiseleyo ngokuxhatshazwa kwaye umntwana ozolile kwaye othobileyo uqala ukuphazamiseka, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo abantwana kunye nabantwana abanentlalontle banokuba neentloni kwaye bazifihle;
- iingxaki ekuphuhlisweni kwabantwana abaneminyaka esikolweni zibonakaliswa ngokuxelisa abadala kwaye basebenzise amazwi omama okanye umntwana omdala;
- ngamanye amaxesha ubunzima beeminyaka emihlanu kubantwana babonakalisa ukungaqiniseki, ukwesaba izinto ezilula.
Iingxaki ekuphuhlisweni kwabantwana: sisombulula ingxaki ngokukhawuleza
Enyanisweni, kwimeko enzima kangaka, ngamanye amaxesha abazali bawela izandla baze bavumele izinto zidibanise, ngelixa abanye baqala ukufundisa umntwana wabo. Kodwa nayiphi na indlela yokusombulula ingxaki yeengxaki zeminyaka emi-5 kubantwana kufuneka ijoliswe ekuncedeni umntwana ukuba aphile.
Okokuqala, lungiselela ukuba uqalise ubomi bokufunda ngeendlela zonke. Zama ukukhuthaza ukuzimela komntwana wakho kwaye uncede enze zonke izinto "abadala" izinto. Ufuna umntwana ukuba ahlambe izitya nguye ngokwakhe -mdumise kwaye undixelele indlela yokwenza ngokuchanekileyo. Kodwa musa ukuya kwinqanaba lomntu omdala, kodwa zama ukuthetha kumgangatho omdala omdala. Le ndlela izokunika ithuba lokuthetha umntwana kwaye ukwandise ukuzithemba kwakhe.
Inkxalabo yeminyaka emi-5 kubantwana iyanzima nje kuphela kubantwana abaselula. Abazali banzima kakhulu ukungangeneleli kwaye bangafundanga umntwana xa exakeke kwimeko. Ukuba umntwana akaceli uncedo, ungangeneleli. Ingxaki yobudala kubantwana igalelo ekutshintsheni kancane komthwalo kumzali kumntwana. Kumele ufundise umntwana ukuba abe noxanduva lwezenzo zakhe aze atshintshe izinto ezithile kunye noxanduva lwakhe.
Khumbula ukuba ukuphuhliswa kwengxaki yabantwana kufuneka kuqala kuqala kufundise umntwana, ngoko akunakulungele ukuyixabisa, njengangaphambili. Umntwana kufuneka aqonde imiphumo yokuziphatha kwakhe nokungathobeli, ngoko ke uya kukhula.