Iintlobo zembuzi zihlukaniswe ngamaqela amathathu aphezulu:
- phantsi;
- zobisi;
- uboya;
- inyama.
Kwakhona kwimimandla yelizwe lethu kukho ukuhluma okuhlanjululwayo okunika ubisi, inyama, phantsi, iikhumba. Ukuveliswa kwemveliso encinci, nangona kunjalo, baye baxhomekeka kwiimeko zendawo.
Uhlobo lwezobisi
Iibhokhwe zohlobo lwebisi zihluke ngokuvelisa ubisi obuphezulu, kodwa uboya babo bunobungakanani obuhle. Izikhumba zixabiswa kakhulu. Iintlobo ezintle zohlobo lwezobisi zinguMegrelian, iLactic, isiRashiya, iGorky, iZaanen.
Uhlobo lwebhokhwe lwaseToggen lubholwa eSwitzerland. Isibonda sombala obomvu, kunye nombhobho kukho iindidi ezimbini ezifanayo. Udder luphuhliswe kakuhle. Ukuveliswa kwemveliso yobisi ye-400-1000 kg ngexesha lokutya. Ubisi malunga neoli e-4%.
Uhlobo lweebhokhwe lwe-Nubian lwalwakhiwa eNgilani ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Unempumlo enomgudu, ixesha elide, elinde iindlebe ezibanzi, eziphelile zazo, imilenze ende kunye nemilenze eqondileyo, imibala enezikhwebu ezinkulu kunye ne-saggy, umbala ovela kwi-cream ukuya emdaka, ukusuka kumhlophe ukuya kumnyama. Ngomhla ibhokhwe inika malunga ne-4-5 ilitha yobisi, nangona kunjalo, umxholo wayo weoli uphezulu malunga ne-8%.
Iibhokhwe zaseAlpine zazingeniswa kwii-Alps zaseFransi. Umbhobho uqonde, iindlebe zichanekile, zimi, ubukhulu obuphakathi, umbala uhlukile. Uhlobo lukhulu kakhulu, kwilitha enye yeebhokhwe ngexesha elilodwa. Ziyavumelana kakuhle neemeko ezintsha. Unyaka unika malunga ne-1200-1600 ilitha yobisi, umxholo weoli u-3.5%.
Iilwanyana zizala iLa Mancha zadalwa e-Oregon ngoJulia F Frei kuma-1930. Phuma ngokukhawuleza, impumlo engapheliyo, phantse naluphi na umbala, ezintandathu ezintle kunye ezimfutshane. Iintlobo zeLamancha zingabonwa ngeendlebe, zibonakala zingabonakali, kodwa zikhona. Umxholo weoli u-4%.
Iibhokhwe zohlobo lwaseCzech zavuthwa zivela kwi-Jerome yaseBermany ibhokhwe kwaye ibhaliswe ngo-1992. Isivuno sino-800-900 kg ngexesha lexesha lokutya, umxholo weoli u-3.6%. Ibhokhwe enhle neenhle, efanelekileyo kuphela kwiifama zasemakhaya.
Uhlobo lwe-Pridonskaya yeebhokhwe lusasazwa ngeenxa zonke kwiDon River kunye neentlanzi zalo, liyi-rocky downy. Iimbuzi zinobukhulu obukhulu, ukusebenza kwezinga eliphezulu, umzimba ococekileyo, ukulungelelanisa nesimo sezulu esiqingqileyo. Isivuno se-sixferensi sisuka kuma-64%, kwaye amabhanti - 13%. Kwiinyanga ezi-5 zobisi, isivuno sobisi sinama-140 ilitha, umxholo we-fat is 4.6%.
Inyama
Uhlobo lweebhokhwe lwe-Burian lwakhiwa eMzantsi Afrika, izilwanyana zizinzileyo, zichasene nezifo kunye nokushisa. Ibonakala ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nomzimba ocolileyo. Umbala uvame ukumhlophe ngentloko ebomvu, intamo ixakekile, isifuba sikhulu kwaye sijule, umzimba uphelele inyama, inkulu inkulu, iindlebe zixhomekeke, iimpondo zikhulu. Umvuno wobisi luncinci kwaye lujoliswe kuphela kubantwana, inzuzo yokusima kwansuku zonke yezilwanyana ezincinane i-500 grams. Iibhokhwe ezikhulayo zifikelela kwiikhilo ezili-150, kunye neebhokhwe-ukuya kwi-100 kg.
Uhlanga lukaZaanen luvele phakathi kwekhulu le-19, ilizwe labo liyinkangala yomlambo waseZane eSwitzerland. Ngokuqhelekileyo mhlophe, umzimba ukhululekile, uninzi, intloko iyomile, iindlebe zincinci, udaka lukhulu, intamo ibanzi. Ukubambisana kude, kuba ixesha lakhe leebhokhwe linikezwa kwi-600 ukuya kwi-1200 kg, umxholo we-fat ufike kwi-4.5%. Iibhokhwe zaseZaanen zizaliswa zikarhulumente kwelinye lamaRiphablikhi alawulayo asemthethweni eRussia, kubakho ukuba ngaphandle kwee- ski resorts e-Bashkiria kukho izilwanyana ezintle zalolu hlobo.
Imfuyo yeebhokhwe ikhulile kuphela ekufumaneni inyama, ngokuqhelekileyo ayinalo ubisi oluninzi, kwaye yanele kuphela ukukhulisa abantwana. Inyama yeebhokhwe inomdla ophezulu kwaye ayikho ngaphantsi komthamo. Kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kukho inyama kunye nobisi, iintlobo zeeboya zenyama.
Kwizicwangciso zekhaya, ngokuqhelekileyo zigcina iibhokhwe zobisi, ngokungafani rhoqo iintlobo zeeboya ezenza iingubo ezintle. Iintlobo zembuzi:
- IsiRashiya;
- Gorky;
- uDon;
- Orenburg;
- entabeni yaseAltai;
- Uboya beSoviet;
- Angora;
- zaanensky;
- Megrelian.
Uhlobo lwebhokhwe lwaseRussia luqhelekile kakhulu kwilizwe lethu. Yaye akumangalisi ukuba akuyiyo into enzima, ihambelana nemozulu yaseRashiya. Ngokuqhelekileyo unemibala emhlophe, kodwa kunomnyama, obomvu negrey. Ingubo ifutshane, kunye ne-15% ye-fluff, kunye ne-200 g yezantsi iqokelelwa ngonyaka. Iibhokhwe zaseRashiya zifutshane, ziphethe amabele amancinci, intloko encinci, ihlangene, iindlebe zimi, kukho iindevu. Isivuno malunga ne-350-800 ilitha, umxholo weoli u-4.5-5%.