Indlela yokucoca ibhalsamu, ukukhula kwimbewu, xa utshalwa izityalo emhlabeni - ezi zihloko zihlala zikhathaza abathandi bezityalo eziluhlaza kunye nokufika kwentwasahlobo. Iingxaki zivela xa kuthengwa izinto zokutyala ngenxa yokukhethwa okukhulu kweentlobo ezinomdla kunye nemichiza yale ntyatyambo enhle kumagumbi okanye kwindawo evulekile.
Ibhalsam - ikhula kwimbewu
Ukucwangcisa ukukhulisa i-balsam ukusuka kwimbewu ekhaya, kufuneka uchane ngokufanelekileyo imimandla okanye i-hybridi yale nkcubeko, ngokusekelwe kwiimeko ezithile. Kwintsimi okanye kwi-flowerbed, ungatshala nayiphi na intlobo zeli sityalo, kodwa kwihostela ukujongana ne-1-2 m yokupaka enkulu iya kuba yingxaki. Kwiindawo ezincinci ezidibeneyo i-balsam engafanelekanga, kungcono ukukhula iifom ezihambelanayo kwigumbi ukuya kwi-25-30 cm ukuphakama.
Iindidi ezidumeleyo zebhasamu:
- I-balsam yaseJamani isityalo esinesigxina sonyaka kunye namaqabunga e-lanceolate ifomu ukusuka kwi-25 cm ukuya kwi-1 m ukuphakama. Iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo uTom Tumb, Baby Bush, iCamellia yahluma.
- I-Balsamin Waller - izityalo ezinobumba okanye i-sredneroslie ezinezityalo ezilula kunye neentyantyambo ezilula okanye ezimbini ngokuphakama kwe-20-35 cm, ezinokuthi zitshalwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwigumbi. Iintlobo ezidumile - I-Tempo F1 Hybrid, Symphony, Bruno FT, Fiesta FT, Stardust.
- I-bhotela yaseNew Guinea i-hybrid eneminyaka engama-50 ukuya phezulu. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo yiJava, i-Divaro, i-Firefly, i-Macarena, i-Mini Jini, i-Tempo F1 i-Hybrid, i-Fiesta FT.
- I-balsamin enefuthe ( isithintelo se-glandular ) - isityalo ukuya kwi-2 m ukuya phezulu kunye namaqabunga ukuya kwi-12 cm ubude, iintyatyambo zayo ukuya kwi-3.5 cm ubude zinomsindo ococekileyo kwaye ziqokelelwa kwiibhulasti. Olu hlobo lwebhasamu lulungele ukutshala ngaphandle, kuyacetyiswa ukuba lukhule njengamakholo okanye kwiindawo zokuhluma kweqela.
Nini ukutshala ibhalsam kwiimbewu?
Ukulima kwezilwanyana ezinobungakanani kule nkcubeko ukusuka kwimbewu kunye nokutshintshela okulandelayo emva komhlaba, kuthatha iinyanga ezi-3.5-4. Ukuqhubela phambili kule nto, kulula ukubala ukuba ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuhlwayela ibhalsam kwiintlobo kwiindawo ezininzi ziwela phakathi kaFebhuwari okanye iintsuku zokuqala zikaMatshi. Imbewu ihlonyelwe kwiikomityi okanye kwiqhekeza esivamile.
Indlela yokuhlwayela imbewu yebhasamin?
Ukuba ufuna ukufumana izityalo zakho eziphilileyo, kufuneka uqale ufunde isiluleko sabalimi abanolwazi, ukuhlaziya ekhaya kwibhalsamu, ukukhula kwimbewu, xa utshala intyatyambo entle kwindawo engakhuselekanga. Akuyimfuneko ukuthenga umhlaba owenziweyo owenziwe ezitolo, isondlo esinomsoco silula ukuzilungiselela. Kubalulekile ukuxuba 1 inxalenye ye-vermiculite, 1 inxalenye yesanti, 1 inxalenye yomhlaba weqabunga kunye neengxenye ezimbini ze-peat ephantsi.
Ukutyala imbewu yebhasamin kwiimbewu:
- Ukumisa imizuzu eyi-10 yembewu yebhasamu kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
- Emva koko cwina loo nto ibe yimini emanzini afudumele.
- Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukukhetha isitya sokuhlwayela ngokuphakama kwe-8 cm.
- Ngaphantsi kwebhokisi, yenza izimbobo zokukhutshwa kwamanzi.
- Kwinqanaba lokugcina amanzi ukusuka eludakeni obanzi kuze kube ngu-2 cm high.
- Phala umhlaba kwisitya.
- Ukuhlaliswa komhlaba, umhlaba unokutshiswa kwihovini iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlwayela okanye ukuphathwa nge "Phytosporin".
- Imbewu enobuthi kufuneka ityalwe emhlabathini ngaphandle kokungenelela, ngokunyanzeliswa ngokunyanisekileyo emanzini ngephi ye-toothpick.
- I-substrate iyanamanzi isebenzisa isibhamu se-spray kwaye ihlanganiswe ipakethi de ivele, iphume imvume yokungena.
Ibhalsam - ekhulayo esuka kwimbewu kwiipilisi zamaphepha
Xa usebenza kunye nomncinci wezinto zokutyala kulungele ukukhulisa i-balsamin kwiiphilisi ze-peat . Ihluma kule meko yomeleleyo, ukungcola kubuncinci, kwaye ikhonkco kulula ukuyifaka kwifestile. Amacwecwe ahambelana namanzi ngaphambi kokuvuvukala. Emva koko, ukusuka phezulu, ngaphandle kokufafaza umhlaba, hlwayela imbewu enye, ubencinezele phantsi ngobumnene. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukugubungela isitsha kunye nefilimu kwaye uyifake kwindawo efudumele kwaye eqaqambileyo, kodwa kungekhona phantsi kwelanga.
Zingaphi iintsuku ibhalsamu ivela?
Kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, amahlumela ebhalsamu avela ngeveki. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ihluma iphosakele, kodwa ungapheli ithemba. Izinto zokutyala ezithengeni ziyafumaneka kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo kunye nobomi beeshefu. Kufuneka silinde de iiveki ezi-2, ngeli xesha, zonke iinguqu eziphilayo ziya kuhluma. Kuyimbopheleleko emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, isiqhonkco okanye isikhwama sisuswa kwaye isitya sithunyelwa endaweni eqaqambileyo, ukulima kuqhutyelwa kwisebusuku ngaphakathi kwe-17-20 ° C.
Kutheni kungekho bhasamu?
Ngokuqhelekileyo abavelisi beentyatyambo baxhamla abatsha okanye amafama athile aphilileyo. Oku kwenzeka kumava angenamava angahambelani nolawulo lwamaqondo okushisa, ngokungahambi kakuhle amanzi ebhalsam, eqhuba ukulima kwembewu, xa ityalwe, ayihambisani nexesha. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezichaphazela ngokuphawulekayo ukulinganisa izinto zokutyala, ezinye zixhomekeke kwi-horticulturist ngokwakhe, nabanye-kwiimeko zezulu.
Kutheni i-balsam imbewu ingahluma:
- Umhlaba omubi uphuthumele - ukushisa okuphezulu ekuphuhliseni ibhalsam kuvela kwi-18 ° C.
- Ukuba ibhokisi kunye nezityalo zifakwe phantsi kwelanga elivuthayo kwaye umhlaba uphaphazele ngaphezu kwe-25 ° C, amahlumela aya kufa emibusi.
- Imbewu ngexesha lokutyala ayilwanga.
- Isakhiwo esinyeneyo somhlaba-umhlaba ngesityalo esinikeziwe xa sakhula kwiimbewu, khetha ukhululekile kwaye uyithambile.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwembewu engadluliyo - i-balsam ibomi le-shelf iminyaka engama-7.
- Xa ikhulile kwi-acidic medium ukuhluma kuyancipha, umhlaba wezityalo ulungiselelwe ngokungahambi hlangothi (malunga no-6.2-6.5 pH).
Izihluma zeBhalsam zatyulwa, ndimele ndenze ntoni?
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukululalwa kwamahlumela okungajabulisi, okwenza kunzima ukunyamekela, ukukhetha, kukukhokelela ekufakeni izityalo emhlabeni. Isizathu silele kumanqanaba okuqala okukhula, ukukhanya okungalunganga entwasahlobo, ukushisa okuphezulu kwigumbi. Ukuba ihluma ibhalsam isalwe kakhulu, ngoko izityalo zingasindiswa ngokuthululela inhlabathi kumgangatho weqabunga lamagqabi. Xa ukhulile kwizikhonkwane ezinzulu okanye iibhokisi, kulungele ukwenza oku, ngaphandle koko kuya kufuneka ukwandise amacala ekuphakameni okufunayo usebenzisa izinto ezingenawo amanzi.
Ukuhlawula ibhalsam kusuka kwimbewu
Ukukhethwa kwebhasamu ngokukhawuleza kuqhutyelwa kungekudala kunokuba isityalo esincinane siza kuvelisa amaqabunga angama-2. Ngaphambi kwalo msebenzi, manzi umhlaba kunye nezithombo ukuze unciphise umngcipheko we-rootlets eziphazamisayo kunye nesincinci esincinci. Spoon spade okanye uhlasele isikhali sembewu kwaye uyithathe ngaphandle kwebhokisi eqhelekileyo. Gxininisa amahlumela kumaqabunga amacandelo. Iipaki zenziwa kwiingxowa ze-polyethylene, iiglasi, iakhasethi. Ngaphambili, senza ivulo kwisibambiso somntu ngamnye ukucoca amanzi angaphezulu.