Ukuzalwa komntwana akusoloko kunokwenzeka ngeendlela zendalo. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ababelethisi banqabile ukuba baye kwi-cearean. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le ndlela yokunikezelwa ineziphumo ezintle nezibi. Makhe siqwalasele ngokubanzi iinkcukacha zecandelo, i-pluses kunye neendlwana zolu hlobo, sichaza igama lendlela ekufezekiseni ngayo.
Ziziphi izibonakaliso zokuhanjiswa kweevenkile?
Ngaphambi kokuba sixoxe ngokucetyiswa kwinqanaba le-caesarean, ukubiza igama kunye neengxaki, siyaqaphela ukuba lo uphando lucwangciswe kwangaphambili. Oogqirha baqhuba uqeqesho kumfazi okhulelwe, umiselwe ukuhlinzwa. Isidingo salo sifakwe ngumqathango, kokubili ukhulelwe kunye nomntwana. Kuyinto yesiko ukwabiwa:
- izibonakaliso ezinxulumene neemeko - imeko apho kuqhutywe inkqubo yokucocwa kunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki;
- Izibonakaliso ezingapheliyo yimiqathango phantsi kokusebenza kwayo yindlela kuphela yokuba umntwana avele.
Ngoko ke, phakathi kwezibonakaliso ezinxulumene nokunikezelwa kwezinto ezikhawulezayo, izithandabuzo zichonga:
- i-pelvis encinci ye-pelvis ye-degree ye-1;
- ubunzima be-fetus bungaphezu kwama-4 kg, xa ukunikezelwa kwentloko kuphezulu, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-3.6 kg - kunye ne-pelvic;
- ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili ;
- ukuvakalisa ukwandiswa kweemvini zesini kunye ne-vulva;
- ukungasebenzi kwemveliso yesisu;
- msebenzi obuthathaka;
- ubudala kuneminyaka engama-35;
- gestosis ;
- usulelo lweprogram yokuzala.
Izibonakaliso ezingenasiphelo kwiqendu lekota
Kwiimeko ezinjalo, usebenziso luba luleke - ukuhamba kwengane ngokusebenzisa umdanso wokuzalwa unomngcipheko omkhulu wokufa kwakhe. Phakathi kweemeko ezinobungqina obucacileyo bokuvalwa, ukwabiwa:
- Ukunciphisa i-anatomical ye-pelvic 3-4 degrees;
- ukuguqulwa kwamathambo e-pelvic ngamathumbu, iisambu;
- ubukho beentlobo ezinkulu zesondo (i-uterine myoma, i-tumor ovarian);
- i-placenta previa;
- ukuxhomekeka kwangaphambili kwepentecenta eqhelekileyo;
- i-hypoxia yobusana obukhulu;
- esongela ukuphulwa kobungqina besini somzimba - ukuphuka kwesisu;
- utshintsho oluthile kwi-uterus;
- eclampsia;
- indawo ehambayo yomntwana ebusweni.
Icandelo le-urgence elikhutshwayo elikhawulezayo
Ukuthetha malunga neecesarean section, pluses kunye neendlela zokusebenza, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngamanye amaxesha isigqibo sokubamba sithathwa kungekudala ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe ukuhanjiswa okanye ngexesha lokuqala kwabasebenzi. Icandelo le-urgence elikhawulezayo linceda ukugcina ubomi bomntwana, ukuphelisa iingxaki zenkqubo yokuzalwa. Izimpawu zokuphunyezwa kwayo zi:
- I-pelvis encinci. Ukuphulwa okunjalo kobukhulu bentsimbi ayihambisani nobukhulu bomntwana. Ngenxa yoko, akakwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela ngaphandle kwendlela yokuzala.
- Ukwahlula kwangaphambili kwe-amniotic fluid , apho ukuvuselelwa kwabasebenzi ngamachiza akuvelisi iziphumo.
- Idibanti ye-placenta. Ngenxa yokuphulwa okunjalo, umntwana uyayeka ukufumana i-oxygen, esesesibelethweni. Ukuphuhlisa i- hypoxia , engakhokelela ekufeni.
- Ukuphuma kwamanzi. Ulwaphulo-mthetho, oluphazamisa ukuxhumeka kwendawo yomntwana kunye nodonga lwe-uterine, olukhokelela ekuphukeleni intembeko yeempahla.
- Ukuphuma kwesibeleko.
- I-Oblique okanye isikhundla esinqumlayo somntwana kwisigxina se-uterine.
- Ukulahlekelwa kwintambo ye-strings okanye ukusondela kwabo kwintliziyo ye-uterine. Kwimeko enjalo, ukuzalwa kwemvelo kubangelwa ukuba umntwana, ekuhambeni kwinqanawa yokuzalwa, unokupheliswa.
Icandelo laseKesariya ngaphandle kobufakazi
Oomama abaninzi bokamva, becinga ngendlela yokunciphisa intlungu kunye nentlungu ehamba kunye nokuzalwa, cela oogqirha malunga nokusa ngaphandle kokungqina. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba lo mkhuba awunqabile ukusetyenziswa ngamayeza. Abagqatswa bakhumbuza oomama bakamva: inxalenye yecalary yindlela yokungenelela yokubandakanya imiphumo emininzi (ukungathandabuzeki kwi-anesthesia, ingozi enkulu yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane engemva kokusebenza). Xa ukwesaba ukubandezeleka kunye nentlungu ehambisana nenkqubo yokubonakala komntwana, i-anesthesia yomgulane inikwe ngenye indlela.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwecandelo lesondlo
Ukuqala, kufuneka kuthiwe akukho nqununu epheleleyo yenkqubo yokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ngelo xesha, oogqirha bakhumbuza oomama ukuba ingozi yecandelo learearey ingozi enkulu yokusuleleka, ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezixhomekeke kwi-purpent-septic. Kwezinye iimeko, enikwe le nyaniso, i-cearean ayimiselwe ukuba:
- ukufa komntwana kwangaphakathi;
- ukuqala kwangaphambili kwinqanaba elide;
- ukukhubazeka komntwana;
- i-hypoxia enomntwana, ixesha elide;
- iinkqubo ezithathelwanayo kwinkqubo yokuzala;
- ukubeletha ixesha elide - ngaphezu kweeyure eziyi-12;
- ubukho be-cut cut on the uterus ngaphaya kwemibhobho ye-muscle emva kokusebenza kwangaphambili.
Icandelo leCesarean - imiphumela
Umonakalo kwinqanaba le-caesarean linempembelelo engalunganga kumzimba wezilwanyana ezinobungozi. Ukusebenza kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia. Ibhinqa ayiva nantoni na. Ngenxa yoko, ngexesha lokupheliswa kwezenzo zalo, unina unokuhlangabezana nalezi zinto:
- ukungcola;
- isicefe
- ukuhlanza;
- intloko.
Yiyiphi i-anesthesia engcono kwicandelo le-caesarean?
I-Anesthesia kunye necesarean section ikhethwe ngokuqwalasela imeko yowesifazane okhulelweyo, ukungabikho kokungabikho komzimba kumaqela athile eziyobisi. Ngokuphathelele uhlobo lwe-anesthesia, oogqirha bakhetha uwonke jikelele, u-endotracheal. Ngolu hlobo lwe-anesthesia:
- ukwenziwa kwe-anesthetic ihamba ngokuthe ngcembe kwi-placenta, eyanciphisa umlinganiselo wesiphumo sayo kumntwana;
- kunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokuphefumula: ifowuni isusa i-carbon dioxide emzimbeni wesigulane kwaye iyinike nge-oxygen;
- I-anesthetic ikhululeke kakhulu, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukunyanzeliswa kwayo kulula ngokunyuka;
- umlinganiselo wokuzaliswa komzimba kunye ne-oksijeni ijongwe.
Icandelo leesesare, inzuzo kunye neengqiqo zeengcali
Ukuqonda ukuba kutheni oogqirha bechasene nesigaba se-caesarean, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezinye iinkalo zenkqubo. Into ephambili yinto yokuba umntwana ubonakala ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa isilungiselelo sesilwanyana esincinci, inkqubela yayo ngokusebenzisa isalathiso sokuzalwa, njengokuba kuzalwa ngokuzala, ayikho. Ngenxa yempembelelo yokuguqulela imeko engqongileyo engabonakaliyo. Le ngqungquthela, ngokutsho kweengcali, ngokuqhelekileyo iba yinkcazo yokunciphisa ukukhuseleka kwezi zifo, izifo eziqhelekileyo.
Ukuqwalasela into enjalo njengecandelo le-carear, i-pluses kunye ne-minus, phakathi kweengongoma ezilungileyo, oogqirha bahlula:
- ukulawula ngokupheleleyo inkqubo;
- ukungabikho kokulimala kokuzalwa;
- ukukhutshwa kwintlungu yokuzalwa ( isahluko se- perineum, isondo).
Icandelo le-Caesarea - i-pros and cons cons
Ingozi yecaarea yecandelo lomntwana kukuzalwa ngokukhawuleza. Iinkqubo zokuphefumula nokujikeleza kwintsana alinaso ixesha lokuzivumelanisa neemeko ezintsha. Ngoko xa ushukunyiswa ngomsele wokuzala emiphakeni, abo bahlobo lwe-amniotic ukuba umntwana ogwenywe ngengozi apheliswe. Kwinqanaba le-caesarean yezinto ezinjalo akuphawulwanga, oku kuqulethwe nophuhliso lwe-asphyxia okanye ukuvutha.
Ngokuphathelele iinzuzo zentsana yaseKesariya, ziyi:
- ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo;
- ukukhutshwa kokulimala kokuzalwa.
Icandelo le-Caesarea - i-pros and cons cons
Ukuqwalasela isigaba sokutya, kunye nokuchasene nalo msebenzi, kuyimfuneko ukuthetha ukuba inkokheli enjalo inokubambisana inezinto ezininzi ezintle. Umntu okhulelweyo akave eve buhlungu. Yonke inkqubo ilawulwa oogqirha. Umngcipheko weengxaki unciphisa ngexesha lokuzalwa. Ngokuphathelele iimpawu ezimbi, phakathi kwezona zinto ziphambili:
- mngcipheko wo sulelo;
- ukulahleka okukhulu kwegazi;
- kuncipha umsebenzi wezilwanyana (ukubhubhisa, ukuguqulwa, ukuzithemba);
- ixesha elide lokubuyisela;
- Iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu kwithuba lokuhamba emva - iintsuku ezimbalwa kunzima ukuhamba, ukugoba, ekugqibeleni intlungu idlula ngenyanga.