Isityalo saseStapelia sisohlwini lwexesha elimileyo lokusasa. Kwindalo ikhula eMzantsi-ntshona Afrika kwimithambeka yeentaba, kwiindawo ezinomthunzi ngemithi, kufuphi ne-oases. Inkcubeko ibiza igama layo kwi-botanist yaseDutch kunye nodokotela uJohnnes van Stapel.
Iintyatyambo ze-Stalapia - inkcazo
Isityalo siye safumana ukuthandwa ngenxa yobuhle bayo obumangalisayo beentyantyambo ezinkulu, ngenxa yobume babo ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa "ulwandle" okanye "inkwenkwezi". Inkcazo yenkcubeko:
- I-stapelia yintyatyambo yekhaya enxantisayo - inqabileyo (kwiimpawu iqokelela umswakama) 10-60 cm high, eninzi inani lamahlumela enomzimba, ezihlotshiswe ngamagundane emacaleni amane. Amajeremane atholakala eluhlaza, obomvu, obomdaka, ombala obomvu, akukho magqabi ehlathini.
- I-Corolla ijikelezwe, ineepalati ezinhlanu zantathu. Umbala ufunyaniswa nge-variegated (kwibala elimnyama), obomvu obomvu, obomvu obomvu, obunemibala ehlukeneyo kunye neengqungquthela kunye nemivimbo.
- Kanye kunye nomtsalane, iintyatyambo zinomsindo ongathandekiyo, okhangela izimpukane kwi-pollination.
IStapel ihluma nini?
I-African saplings ziyaqhakaza phakathi ko-Agasti, iqhubeke ukuphela kwe-Oktobha. I-rosette idlulela iintsuku eziliqela, ezinye iifali zentyatyambo zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Emva kokuba isiqhamo senziwe kwisityalo kunye nembewu eninzi, ifakwe iiparachuthi. Kwiimeko ezizinzileyo zokuhlala, iStapelia inokukholisa iinkwenkwezi eziqaqambileyo nangaliphi na unyaka. Njengasendle, isityalo sifuna umjikelezo wokuphumla. Xa iqondo lokushisa liyancipha kwaye ukunkcenkceshela kuncitshiswe, i-rosettes "ilele". Ngokunyuka kwelanga, isityalo siyasabela kwaye siqala ukuqhakaza.
Stapelia - Iindidi
Esi sityalo sizalisekisa ngokucacileyo ukucwangciswa kwegumbi, ngokuchukumisa ngobuhle bayo. I-Stapelia ifana nesitshixo se-ampel, isiqithi sayo sihluma kwiingcambu, sitsalise amagatsha ajikelezayo aphephe kwi-pot kwaye aphinde aqhube. Ixabiso eliphambili le sityalo liyi-buds exotic. Inani elikhulu leentsholongwane litshintshelwe kwiimeko zasekhaya, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiifestile zinezikhulu ezinkulu, ezinqabileyo, iimpawu ezinombala ezine-corollas ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-35 cm ububanzi, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Stapelia
Ukufutshane okufutshane ukuya kwi-10 cm high, kunye ne-emerald, ngamanye amaxesha obomvu bubonakala bunobuso obunobungqingili kwiindawo ezisemgangathweni. Iintyatyambo zisezantsi kusetyenziswa iziqhekeza ezihlanu, i-corolla 5-8 cm ububanzi, isisitye. Iipilisi zi-ovate, zintathu, zibophe kwaye zikhomba. Ngaphandle ziphephe, ngaphakathi zibopha, ziphuzi, zifakwe kwiindawo ezinobumba ezingavumelani okanye imivimbo. I-Stapelia iguquka ngokunyamekela, ingakwazi ukulungelelanisa kwiimeko ezibi. Iintyatyambo ziqhakazile ehlobo, zikhupha iphosa elimnandi.
I-stapelia enkulu
Isityalo sisitrato esikhulu-esinesityambo esinexesha elide, sikhula i-tetrahedral eluhlaza kunye nezidumba ezinqabileyo ezingekho ndawo. Kwinqanaba elingaphantsi kwebhola ehlobo ientyatyambo zakhiwa ngeepallile eziphethiweyo ezinjenge-starfish. Ziyi-burgund okanye imfusa, ihlanganiswe nge-silvery villi. I-Corolla ububanzi obuyi-15-25 cm, izimbali zihlala zifike kwiintsuku ezingama-5, ngeli nqanaba isityalo siphunga inyama yokubola.
Stapelia Grandiflora
Izityalo zase-stapelia Grandiflora kunye ne-large-flowered - le yintlobo enye. Bakhangelelanisa ezinkulu iintlanzi ezibomvu ezinhlanu ezimnyama ezibomvu kunye ne-pubescence ekhanyayo, ekhoyo kwimilenze emincinci. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kufinyelela kuma-20-25 cm, ii-rosettes zihlanganiswe ngethuba lokukhula kunye nokufumana inkwenkwezi yokuqala yeenkwenkwezi.
Stapelia Guernia
I-guernia engapheliyo ineziqhamo zetrahedral ezinamafutha, zinezifo ezithambileyo. Ientyantyambo zayo zizinzile njenge-wax, 2 cm ububanzi, ezinjengeentsimbi, i-burgundy ngaphakathi, zimhlophe ngaphandle. Iipalals kwi-guernia zixhamene kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo, kwaye azibonakali kakhulu. I-stapel enjalo ekhaya ihambelana kakhulu, ikhula kakuhle. Iintyatyambo ezivakalayo, i-guernia inokukholisa iiflethi eziqaqambileyo unyaka wonke. Iphunga elimnandi livakalayo xa usondela kwisityalo ngokuthe ngqo.
Stapelia Gigantea
Isityalo sele sineentsholongwane ezinamaqhekeza ukuya kuma-20 cm kunye nemifuno enzulu. Kwinqanaba leentyantyambo, i-Giant Stapelia ifom 1-2 enkulu phakathi kwezihlobo zeentyatyambo, ukuya kwi-35 cm ububanzi. I-Volosisty (kunye ne-white villi, ene-red ebb) iplati ye-five-petalled ipeyinti emthunzini ophuzi obunomhlaza ococekileyo. Imida yeepalali iyancipha kwaye iyancitshiswe kakhulu, iingcebiso ziyakwazi ukuphazamiseka. Inzuzo yolu hlobo kukuba ayinayo into ekhangelekayo.
Stapelia Variegata
Isityalo se-stapel eguquguqukayo kunye neentlobo ze-Variegata zinye kunye nenkcubeko efanayo. Zineenkqantosi eziluhlaza ezisezantsi zingenazo izibambo, ezinamazinyo azinyosi. Kwinqanaba, amahlumela enza isangqa esiqhelekileyo. Iintyatyambo ezikhanyayo ezinobomvu ezinamabala abomdaka zi-corollas. Phakathi kwiphondo, baneendandatho zeconvex, eziqulunqwe ngamagqabi angama-triangular. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenkcubeko ze-variegate, ezahluke ngombala wokusasazeka kweentyantyambo ze-stellate kunye ne-roller phakathi.
Intyatyambo yangaphakathi ye-stapelia-ukulima kunye nokunyamekela
Njengamanzi amaninzi, isityalo se-stapel asinakudinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu, ngoko kuyafaneleka kubaflorists abanamava okanye abaxakekile. Kodwa kukho ubuqhetseba ekunyamekeleni kwakhe, kuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka. Amaphuzu aphambili ekukhuleni:
- Uhlobo lokushisa olududuzayo luyi-20-27 ° С ehlobo kunye no-12-15 ° С ebusika. Ukususela ekupheleni kwekwindla, isityalo sifuna ixesha lokuphumla. Uyanconywa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomxholo kunye nokunciphisa ukuthambisa. I-balcony egqabileyo yindawo efanelekileyo ngexesha lokuphumla kwe "starfish" ukususela ekupheleni kukaNovemba ukuya ekuqaleni kukaMatshi. Kulapho, isityalo esinamanzi angancinci siya kuphumla kakuhle phambi kwexesha elitsha.
- Kwi-slipway esezantsi, ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kuyimfuneko ngokubanzi kwelanga elithe ngqo, ngaphandle koko iziqu zalo ziba zincinci. Kwiintsuku ezishisa kakhulu kukulungele ukuthatha i-pritenit, ukwenzela ukuba amahlumela awutshisi. Ngokuqhelekileyo umbuzo othi kungani i-stapel ingaqhakazi, impendulo ikhoyo ekungabikho kokukhanyisa okanye izondlo.
- "I-Starfish" ngokwayo ixelela umnini ukuba ngaba kuninzi imvula yelanga kuyo - iingcebiso zezihlumela zayo ziqala ukuxhamla.
- Ngofikelelo lokungalingani kokukhanya, isityalo sakha ukungalingani-sibheka izihluma kwimisebe yelanga. Ngenxa yoko, isiqithi siba lukhuni kwelinye icala kwaye sihlaselwa kwenye. Ukuthintela oku, kufuneka uguqule isitya ngokucwangcisa i-axis yayo. Kodwa ngexesha leentyantyambo ukwenzela ukuba ugweme ukutshala kwezityalo, kulungile ukuba ungayenzi le nkqubo.
- Ukungcola komoya akubalulekile ukuba "i-starfish" iqheleke kwiimeko zaseAfrika, ivakalelwa kakuhle emoyeni owomileyo.
- Inambuzane ephambili esongela isityalo yi- woraly worm . Akayikudla ukutya izilwanyana ezinomdla. I-beetle kufuneka ihlanjwe ngamanzi, isityalo kufuneka sinciliswe nge-insecticide kwaye ibekwe kwisikhwama se-cellophane iintsuku eziliqela.
Ukutyala kweStapelia
Isityalo sineenkcenkceshe ezingaphantsi kokuphuhliswa kwaye zifuna imbiza ebanzi. Ubungakanani besithathu kufuneka bube nobuncwane - udongwe olwandisiweyo, iiplastiki, i-foam. Kubalulekile ukukhusela amanzi asemhlabeni, oku kunokukhokelela ekuboleni kwesiqu. Umhlaba wesityalo ufuna ukukhanya, ukuphefumula nokukhululeka. Umhlaba wokutyala unokulungiswa ukusuka kwiindawo ezimbini zomhlaba we-turf kunye nesanti ehlambulukileyo. Unobungakanani bomoya kunye nobungakanani be-acidity ne-acidity.
Ukuxutywa kwemigodi kulungile kwaye ukuxuba ivenkile kumnandi, okongeza amalahle - ikhusela umhlaba kwi-rot and insects. Ukutshintshwa okutshatyalaliswa kwentsha kuyadingeka minyaka yonke, kuqhutywa entwasahlobo. Iintyatyambo ezineminyaka emibili neyesithathu ubudala ziphazamisa yonke imbalwa embalwa. Ubuninzi buguqula ubunqamle bomhlaba, ususe amahlumela endala phakathi, kuba abayi kuvelisa. Emva kokufakelwa, isityalo akufanele sinyulwe iintsuku ezingama-7-10 - kukulungelelaniswa kakuhle. I-Succulent ikhula ngokukhawuleza, iintyatyambo ziyavela kwiintsundu ezincinane.
I-stapelia - ityill
Xa ebuzwa ukuba kutheni ama-staples aye athambile kunye namaqabunga ebomvu, impendulo ingaba yongaphezulu kwemfuyo, yingakho iingcambu zonakaliswe ngokubola. Isityalo asikwazi ukuma - iziqu zibaleka, ziba yi-lethargic kwaye ziqale ukutshabalalisa. Ukususela ngo-Matshi ukuya ku-Oktobha, iStapelia inxiliswa ngokulinganisela (malunga nanye kwiiveki ezimbini) - umhlaba phakathi koomngcipheko kufuneka umile kwizantsi. Ngesinye isikhathi isityalo sinamanzi amaninzi, kodwa ukunyuka kwamanzi akufanele kuphakame, ngaphandle koko iingcambu ze "starfish" zinyamalale.
Ekwindla isityalo sinesithuba sokuphumla. Ngako oko, ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuthambisa kuncitshiswe kube kanye ngenyanga, ngoDisemba noJanuwari, isihlahla asinakuhlanjululwa nonke. Ngeli xesha, kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba isityalo asimile kwaye ukuba ikholam yayo ayifuni ukukhanyeka. Ukunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokuphumla kuya kuqinisekisa ukubonakala kwehlobo elihle "iinkwenkwezi". Emva kokuba i-bud isakhiwe kwenkcubeko, abanini be-succulent banomdla wokunisela, i-stapel ngexesha leentyantyambo ayifuni ukunakekelwa okhethekileyo-bayayigquba njengokuba umhlaba ubomile. Amanzi okunkcenkceshela iimfuno ezincitshisiweyo, akufanele kubanda.
I-Cactus Stapelia - yokugqoka
Izichumisi zentyatyambo zinefuthe elihle kwiintyatyambo zaseStapelia, ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kubandakanya ukunyusa kwentwasahlobo kunye nokwindla - kuphela ngexesha lezityalo zomsebenzi. Unondliwa ngeli nqanaba nganye iiveki ezimbini ngeemfuno ezikhethekileyo zeCacti okanye i-succulents kwii-doses ezicetywayo. Imixube efanelekileyo yi-Agricola, Florovit, Pokon, Bona Forte. Ebusika, isityalo asinakondliwa. I-Stapelia iphendula kakuhle kwizichumisi ze-potash, kubonga kubo iyaqhubeka nokuxhathisa izifo.
Stapelia - ukuvelisa
Unokusasaza isityalo ngeendlela ezintathu:
- Imbewu. Ziyabonakala kwiziqhamo-iziqhamo kwi "nkwenkwezi yolwandle" kulo nyaka. Imbewu iqokelelwa, ixhotyiswe ngemifudlana ye-fluff, ekufuneka isuswe. Imbewu imile isigqibo seyure kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate, ihlwayelwa kwisitya esahlukileyo kwindawo esemhlabeni, emva kweveki ezi-3-4 zihluma. Emva kokukhetha i-trunk, batyalwe kwiibhotile eziyi-6.
- I-Stapelia - ukuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza ngokucoca. Iigciwane ziyakunqanyulwa ukusuka kumahlumela endala. Ngaphambi kokutshala, bome emini, emva kokuba batyalwe kwicandelwana elenziwe ngentlabathi eliqhekezayo kunye nokongezwa kwesincinci se-peat chips. Kwiintsuku eziyi-7 ukuya kwe-10 kwiqondo lokushisa kwe-20 ° C, iingcambu zivela kwiinqununu. Izitshalo ezinamandla zifakelwa kwiipatri eziyi-7. Ukubunjwa komhlaba kuya kufana nezolimo zezityalo. Ukucoca kufuneka kuthathwe kweso sityalo sowunina, esele sasiqhakazile. Intombazana yentombi ke kungcono ukubopha amaqabunga akho.
- Ngokwahlula ihlathi. Ngethuba lokutshintshwa, isihlathi sakwa-mama sinokwahlukana kwizityalo eziliqela, ngasinye sizityalwe kwisitya esahlukileyo.
Ukubunjwa kwehlabathi kulandelayo: i-turf, iqabunga, isanti (1: 2: 1), kunye ne-1 inxalenye yamathambo kunye ne-lime (1: 8). Ngomnyaka ozayo amahlumela amancinci atshayelwa kwiibhotile eziyi-7. Khulisa "i-starfish" ngokukhawuleza. Kufuneka silungiselele ukuba isityalo esincinci singabonakali njengesityalo somzali, kuba i-Stapelia ihamba kakuhle. Ngomnyaka wokuqala wobomi, i-coma yehlabathi ayimelanga. Isityalo sisuka kwimbewu kwisithathu sesine okanye yesine yobomi.