I-muscular dysstrophy yiqela leempilweni ezingenasiphelo ezichaphazelekayo ezichaphazela izihlunu zomntu. Ezi zifo zibonakaliswe ngokunyusa ubuthathaka obunamahlunu, kunye nokuguqulwa kwezihlunu. Balahlekelwa yikhontrakthi, bathathe indawo kunye nezicubu ezinamafutha kunye nezidumbu kwaye zidibanise.
Iimpawu ze-muscular dystrophy
Kwizigaba zokuqala, i-muscular dysstrophy ibonakala ngokuncipha kwetoni ye-muscle. Ngenxa yoko, inzuzo ingaphulwa, kunye nexesha, ezinye izakhono zomzimba ziyalahleka. Ngokukhawuleza esi sifo siyaqhubeka kubantwana. Ngeenyanga nje ezimbalwa banokuyeka ukuhamba, behleli okanye baphethe intloko.
Kwakhona iimpawu ze-dysstrophy ye-muscular zi:
- i-atrophy ye-muscle muscle;
- ukukhathala rhoqo;
- ziwa rhoqo;
- ukwanda kobukhulu bemisipha ngenxa yokwanda kweethambo ezixhamlayo (ingakumbi i-gastrocnemius);
- ukungabikho kobuhlungu besisu.
Iifomu ze-muscular dystrophy
Zininzi iintlobo zesifo esi saziwa namhlanje. Makhe siwaqwalasele ngokubanzi.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Le fom ibizwa nangokuthi i-pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, kwaye idla ngokubonakalayo ebuntwaneni. Imiqondiso yokuqala yokugula ibonakala kwiminyaka engama-2-5. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulane zivakalela ubuthathaka kumaqela emisipha yombhobho we-pelvic kunye neenyawo ezingaphantsi. Emva koko bachatshazelwa yimisipha yesigxina esiphezulu somzimba, kwaye kuphela ke onke amaqela emisipha.
I-muscular dysstrophy yale fomu ingakhokelela ekubeni ineminyaka eyi-12 umntwana uya kulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo. Uneminyaka engama-20, ezininzi izigulane azihlali.
I-dystrophic ye-muscular dystrophy ye-Erba-Rota
Olunye uhlobo lwesifo. Iimpawu zokuqala zesifo zibonakala ngokubonakalayo kwiminyaka eyi-14-16, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo-kwi-5-10 ubudala. Iimpawu zokuqala ezibonakalayo ziyinkxalabo yesifo sengqondo kunye nokutshintsha okubukhali kwi-"dada".
I-muscular dystrophy ye-Erba-Rota
Esi sifo sitholakala kuqala kwiimigca yama-muscle yeziphelo ezingezantsi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zichaphazela zombini iigxala kunye nezihlunu ze-pelvic kanyekanye. Isifo siyaqhubeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye sibangela ukukhubazeka.
Becker dystrophy muscular
Kuyafana nempawu ngefomu yangaphambili yesifo, kodwa le fomu iqhubela phambili. Isigulane sinokuhlala sisasebenza iminyaka emininzi.
I-Emery-Dreyfus muscular dystrophy
Olunye uhlobo lwesifo esicatshungulwayo. Le fomu ibonakala phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 no-15 yobomi. Iimpawu zokuqala zesifo se-muscular dystrophy zi:
- ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wokudibanisa;
- i-atrophy ye-biceps zeengalo zengalo, kwaye emva koko izidumbu ze-deltoid;
- uhamba emaphethelweni angaphandle.
Izigulana nazo zinokuba nokuziphatha komzimba kunye nokunyamekela umzimba .
Unyango lwe-muscular dystrophy
Ukuxilonga i-muscular dystrophy, uviwo kunye ne-orthopedist lwenziwa, kwaye i-electromyography yenziwe. Unokuqhuba isifundo se-biological molecules esiza kunceda ukucacisa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba isifo kubantwana.
Ukunyangwa kwe-muscular dystrophy yinto eyenzelwe ukunciphisa nokuyeka inkqubo ye-pathological, kuba akunakwenzeka ukuphilisa ngokupheleleyo le ngxaki. Ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo ze-dysstrophic in the muscles, isigulane sinikezwa iinjenges:
- vitamin B1;
- adenosine triphosphate;
- corticosteroids .
Isigulane kufuneka senze rhoqo ukuhlalisa umzimba.
Kwakhona, wonk 'ubani ojongene ne-muscular dysstrophy, kufuneka wenze ukuphefumula okuvuthayo. Ngaphandle kwayo, izigulane ziza kuhlakulela izifo ezinjalo zokuphefumula njenge-pneumonia kunye nokungaphumeleli kokuphefumula, kwaye kubekho nezinye iingxaki:
- ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wenhliziyo;
- ukuguqula imisebenzi yememori nokukwazi ukufunda.