Ukwelashwa kwama- bacteria yiqela elikhulu lezifo ezibangelwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhaktheriya - ezincinci, ezininzi ezi-unicellular, ezibonakaliswa ukungabikho kwodonga lweselunge olujikelezwe yimbumba kunye nobukho bodonga olunamandla. Iibhaktheriya zihlulwe kwiindawo ezininzi, kubandakanywa nesimo seseli, kuxhomekeka kuyo yintoni ekhethiweyo:
- i-cocci - inehlobo lebhola (staphylococci, streptococci, meningococci, njl);
- iintonga - zinefom yeimbolo ezichanekileyo okanye eziphihliweyo (E. coli, shigella, bacillus tubercle, njl);
- iibhakteria ezibomvu - ezifana nesimo sokuvuthwa kwe-coorkscrew (leptospira, treponema eluhlaza, njl.);
- Iibhakteria zeplanethi - zifake kwi-cellellum yeseli (i-cholera vibrio);
- iibhaktheriya ezitshintsha ukuma, - ii-microorganisms ngaphandle kwodonga lwesellu, ukuhlambalaza ngaphakathi kweeseli (mycoplasmas).
Ubungqina bentsholongwane yebhaktheriya kukuba ngexesha lobomi kwaye emva kokufa kweebhaktheriya, ukukhishwa kweesxibusiso, kubangela ukuvuvukala, ukuxiliswa kunye nokulimala komzimba. Ukusuleleka kwe-bacteria kuphuhlise ngenxa yokusebenza kwe-microflora yabo yomzimba ngokunciphisa ukukhuseleka, okanye ngenxa yentsholongwane yomntu ogulayo okanye umphathiswa wabathinteli.
Iintlobo zeentsholongwane zebhaktheriya
Zonke iintsholongwane zentsholongwane ngeendlela zokwedlulisa ziyahlula zibe ziintlobo ezine:
- Izifo ezithintekayo ze-intestinal ze-bacterial are mostly-oral oral transmission (i-salmonellosis, i-typhoid fever, i-dysentery, i-poisoning yokutya, i-campylobacteriosis, njl.
- Ukwelashwa kwebhaktheriya kwindlela yokuphefumula - indlela yokufuna isantya (sinusitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, njl.).
- Usulelo lwe-bacteria yesikhumba yindlela yokuqhagamshelana nayo (i-erysipelas, impetigo, i-phlegmon, i-furunculosis, i-hydradenitis, njl.).
- Usulelo lwe-bacterial bloody is a mechanism transmable transmission (tularemia, isibetho, umkhuhlane we-typhus, umkhuhlane wamanzi, njl.).
Kwakhona, iintsholongwane zebhaktheriya zingahlulwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiinjongo ezichaphazelekayo, kwaye kuxhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezichaphazelekayo:
- ukukhulelwa komzimba;
- izifo zesistim somdla;
- usulelo lwe-lymphatic system;
- izifo zesistim ye-musculoskeletal, njl
Iimpawu kunye neempawu zokusuleleka kubaktheriya
Iimpawu zendawo zengcinezelo ezibangelwa zizibhaktheriya ezahlukeneyo kwaye zichaphazela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kunye nezitho zizodwa. Nangona kunjalo, sinokuhlukanisa inani leembonakalo eziqhelekileyo, uphawu lweziganeko ezininzi zokusuleleka kubaktheriya:
- ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba;
- ukuphosa;
- ubuthathaka jikelele, i-malaise;
- ukungabi nesidlo;
- intloko;
- isicefe
- ukuhlanza;
- ukuthuka.
Kwi-laboratory diagnostic, ukusuleleka kwebhaktheriya ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakaliswe ziimpawu ezilandelayo:
- i-leukocytosis (ukwanda kwinani lecycytes);
- neutrophilia (ukwanda kwe-granulocytes neutrophilic);
- Ukutshintshwa kwefomula ye-leukocyte ngakwesobunxele;
- ukwanda kwinqanaba lokutywiliswa kwe-erythrocyte;
- ukwanda okwenziwe kwinkqubo ye-pro-protein esebenzayo egazini.
Ukuchonga uhlobo lweebhaktheriya ezibangele inkqubo yokusuleleka, ezi zifundo zilandelayo:
- i-bacteriological - xa izinto ezikhethiweyo ezigxilwe ekuvukeleni zihlwayelwa kwiimidiya ezizodwa zogcino, emva koko ukuchongwa oko kwenziwa emva kokukhula kwamakholoni;
- uvavanyo lwezinto ezikhethiweyo phantsi kwe-microscope;
- serological - ukuzimisela kobukho be-antibodies egazini kwiintlobo ezithile ze-microorganisms.
Xa unyango lwe-bacterial infections, unyango lwe-antibacterial , i-detoxification, kunye neyeza zonyango zisetyenziswa.