Ngokuqhelekileyo, impumelelo yonyango lomhlaza yahlanganiswa nokuhlinzwa, kuba oku kukuvumela ukuba ususe isisu. Kodwa inkqubo ye-oncology iyinto eqhelekileyo, ubuchule obucwangcisekileyo abukwazi ukutshabalalisa zonke ii-metastases.
Yintoni ejoliswe kunyango?
Kungekudala, ingqalelo ehlawulwa ekuphuhliseni i-pharmacology kunye ne-biotechnology, kuba kuncedo lwabo isigulane sinokulibala ngonaphakade ngesisu. Enye yezobuchwepheshe obutsha kummandla we-oncology yonyango. Ukonyangwa komhlaza ngale ndlela kusekelwe kwimimiselo yempembelelo ekujoliswe kuyo yezocwangciso zonyango kwiindlela ezisisiseko zee molecular ezibangelwa ukubonakala kwesifo. I-molecule ekhethekileyo, ehambelana nokukhula kweeseli zesisu, ivalwe ngexesha lonyango olujoliswe kuyo. Ngoko ke, i-metastase kwimiphaphu, izintso, izigulane ezincinci kunye nezinye izitho zithintela kwaye aziqhubekanga kuphela, kodwa zichithwa ngokupheleleyo.
Ulwaphulo olujoliswe kulo luye lwahluke ngokuthe ngqo kwezinye i-operesheni, i-chemotherapy kunye neyeza zonyango , njengoko kubangela ukufa kweeseli zesisu kuphela. Ngokwenene ayinayo impembelelo engalunganga kumathishini enempilo yomzimba womntu, oko kukuthi, ayibangeli iziphumo ezibi. Oku kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise indawo yoncedo lwakhe, nangona maxesha xa i-chemotherapy iphikisana, umzekelo, ukuba isiguli sisesimweni esibi kakhulu.
Zijoliswe nini kwiziyobisi?
Ulwaphulo oluthile lunokwenziwa xa unayo:
- nomhlaza o
- umdlavuza webele;
- umhlaza weengtso;
- umhlaza wamaphaphu .
Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukuphatha ezinye ezininzi iintlobo zomhlaza. Inceda:
- ukuzinzisa inkqubo embi;
- ukudlulisela inkqubo enobungozi ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuphuhlisa elisebenzayo ukuya kwimeko engapheliyo;
- ukunciphisa umbane kunye nomthamo we-chemotherapy;
- ukuthintela ukuvela kokuphindaphinda komhlaza emva kokugqitywa ngonyango ngezinye iindlela;
- ukulawula ukukhula komhlaza wesifo somhlaza.
Ziziphi iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa unyango olujoliswe kuyo?
Ngokwemvelo yesiphumo, iziyobisi zonyango olujoliswe ngumhlaza zihlukaniswe ngamaqela amathathu:
- Ama-antibodies aMonoclonal antigens-oncogenes ezibophezela kwi-oncogenes kwaye ngexesha elifutshane liwuthintela umsebenzi wabo.
- I-Kinase inhibitors inamakhemikhali aphantsi ayenzela i-oncogenes echaphazela ukuhlukana okungalawulwayo kweeseli zomhlaza.
- Abaqhubi bavuselela i-necrosis, ukwahlula okanye i-apoptosis.
Amagosa asebenzayo kakhulu kunyango olujoliswe kuyo:
- Imatinib;
- Avastin;
- Herceptin;
- Rituximab.
Avastin
Eli liyeza liphelisa ngokugqithiseleyo ukukhula kweempahla zesisu. Inika ukunciphisa okubonakalayo kwintanethi ye-vascular sele iqalile kwisigaba sokuqala sonyango. Eli liyeza linciphisa igazi lokuzaliswa kwe-ushukela, elinciphisa ukukhula komhlaza. Ulwaphulo olujoliswe ku-Avastin luvumela ukunqoba umdlavuza webele, i-colon kunye ne-glioblastoma yengqondo.
ITarceva
I-arhente ithathwa njengesicatshulwa esithandwa kakhulu. Iyancipha, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zithintela ngokupheleleyo, ukukhula kwe-tumor, kususa iimpawu zesifo kwaye kuququzelele ukuhlala kakuhle kwezigulane. Njengamanje, unyango olujoliswe kule nkunkuma lunikeza umphumo omuhle womhlaza wemiphunga, umhlaza womdlavuza
Iressa
Esi sidakamizwa, esisoloko sisetyenziswe kunyango lwe-chemotherapy kumdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kodwa ngoncedo lwawo unokunciphisa ubukhulu besisu kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. Isiphumo esihle kakhulu kukudibanisa kwale mayeza kunye neziyobisi eziqhelekileyo. I-itria yonyango ejoliswe kuyo ikwalelwe kwakhona kwimpempi yengqondo okanye yemiphunga ukuze ikhuphe umqathango wesigulane kuye ukuba ngubani owakhetha i-chemotherapy engakhange anike umphumo omuhle.