- Idilesi: iPhondo laseMonon, iCosta Rica
- Umhla wesiseko: Septemba 6, 1988.
- Indawo: 5700.45 km²
ICosta Rica idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-world-storage. Apha, kungekhona kuphela ukukhusela izakhiwo zendalo, kodwa ziyakwandisa zonke ixesha. Kwintsimi yombuso kukho iindawo ezingaphezulu kwama-50 ezahlukahlukeneyo zezilwanyana zasendle kunye neendawo ezingaphezulu kwe-100 zokukhusela imvelo, ezizimeleyo. Iyona edume kakhulu kubo yi-International Park La Amistad (La-Amistad).
Ulwazi jikelele
Ipaki inomyinge omkhulu wensime yelizwe ezimbini - iCosta Rica nePanama - kwaye ivela phezulu kwinqanaba laseTalamanca ukuya kwiindawo zamanxweme zoLwandle lwaseCaribbean. Igama lokulondolozwa liguqulelwe ukusuka kwisiSpeyin ngokuthi "ubuhlobo". Igalelo elikhulu ekudalweni nasekumisweni kwepaki lenziwe ngabahlaseli baseSweden uKaren no-Olaf Vesberg. Phantse ama-hekta ama-50 ehekthali enqatyisiweyo yachithwa yatshatyalaliswa ngonyaka omnye. U-Olaf wazama ukumisa imisebenzi yabalimi, apho wabulawa khona. Abaxhasi bakhe baqhubeka nendlela yeVesberg kwaye bakwazi ukuvula indawo yokugcina.
Ekuqaleni, iLa Amistad njengendawo yokukhusela indawo yendalo yasungulwa eCosta Rica , kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe ummandla osondelene wasePanama wagqiba ekubeni ujoyine le projekthi. Ngowe-1982, nge-22 kuFebhuwari, iLa Amistad yavakaliswa ngokusemthethweni kwi-International Park. Le nxalenye yeprogram yase-Central America, ejolise ekudaleni i-corridor eqhubekayo yehlathi ukusuka ePanama ukuya eMexico, kunye nokugcina indawo yendalo, apho i-80% yemvelo yendalo yatshatyalaliswa. Ngowe-1983, ipaki yaseLa-Amistad yayifakwe kwiLungu leNgcaciso yeLizwe le-UNESCO. Le ntlangano iyayikhathalela indawo yendawo yokugcinwa ngenxa yokuba ibaluleke kakhulu kwisayensi, nangenxa yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo kunye nezilwanyana.
Ummandla wepaki
Kwintsimi yendawo ye-tampon yolondolozo yizona zivelisi ezikhokelayo zenkomo kunye nekhofi e-Central America. Ngaphakathi kwintsimi kunzima ukufikelela, ngoko akukaqondwa ngokupheleleyo.
Ngama-2000, izazinzulu ezivela kwiYunivesithi yasePanama, i-INBio kunye neMyuziyam yeMbali yeNdalo yaseLondon zenze uhambo oluninzi kwi-International Park La-Amistad. Ngo-2006, inkxaso-mali (iCosta Rica kunye nePanama kunye nemibutho yemimandla engqongileyo) yeprojekthi ebalulekileyo idibeneyo inikwe ithuba eliyiminyaka emithathu. Injongo ephambili kwakukudala imephu yendawo kwaye kuphuhliswe idatha yokuqala ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kugcinwe ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo zepaki.
Ngeli xesha, iindwendwe zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nezizwe ezingaqhelekanga zenziwa, ezithunyelwa kwiindawo ezikude kakhulu epaki yaseLa Amistad. Iziphumo zeprojekthi:
- Kufunyenwe iintlobo ezili-1,700 zezilwanyana, izityalo ezingama-7 500;
- Iintlobo ezi-12 ezintsha zezityalo, iintlanzi ezintathu, iintlobo ezili-15 ze-amphibi, uhlobo olutsha lwe-beetle;
- Iikholeji ezingama-380 zadalwa.
Abemi beendawo zokugcina
Ngesinye isikhathi kwipaki yaseLa Amistad yayihlala kwizizwe ezi-4 zamaNdiya aseMerika. Kuza kube namhlanje, ama-aborigines awahlali apha. Okwangoku, amashumi eenkulungwane zazo zonke iintlobo zezityalo entabeni, emahlathini ahlambulukileyo kunye namahlathi emvelo, kunye nakwiindawo ezisemgangathweni kunye neendawo ezitshatyalaliswayo zendalo, zikhula ehlathini. Iqabana le-reserve liyingxenye yehlathi eliyintombi, elibandakanya iintlobo ezi-7 (Quercus). Nantsi ihlathi elikhulu kunazo zonke eCosta Rica .
Ngokuqhelekileyo, epakini laseLa-Amistad ekuhlanganyeleni kweMzantsi neMntla yaseMerika kukho ukuhlukahlukana okungafaniyo kwezityalo. Ukuba uthelekisa kunye nokugcina okufanayo kunye neepaki, indawo leyo iyafana, ke le ndawo ayikho nabathengisi. Apha, iipesenti ezingaphezu kwe-4 zeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ziqokelelwa. Izilwanyana zaseLa Amistad zihlala ziquka iintlobo ezili-9 zeentlobo zeentyantyambo zeentyantyambo, iindidi zeenkuku, iindidi ezingama-500 kunye neentlobo ezi-900 zezilwanyana ezilwanyana, kunye neentlobo ezili-130 zee-orchids. Ngelo xesha, malunga neepesenti ezingama-40 zezi zityalo zikhula kuphela kule ndawo. Imifuno ihluka ngokuphakama kunye nommandla.
Kwi-Park International, inani elikhulu lezilwanyana lihlala kwakhona: inyamazane, i-capuchin (i-monkey), i-taper, i-tapir kunye nabanye. Indawo yokugcina isiphephelo sokugqibela sezilwanyana ezinobungozi: ipuma, jaguar, cat cat. Ama-Amphibians kunye nezilwanyana ezihlambulukileyo epaki zinama-260 iintlobo: i-salamanders, i-frog-dverolaz enobuthi, ininzi yeenyoka. Apha ubomi beentlobo zeentaka ezingaphezu kwe-400: i-toucans, i-hummingbirds, i-harpy ukhozi njalonjalo.
Khenketho kwinqanaba
Intsimi yendawo egcinwe kuyo ineminyango emininzi ehlawulwayo, efumaneka ngokubanzi kwicala lasePacific, owona mkhulu ngu-Estacion Altimira. Unokufika khona ngokwakho emotweni, ulandela imiqondiso okanye uhambo olulungelelanisiweyo.
Abahambi ngelixa batyelele ehlathini kufuneka balungele ukutshintshwa kweqondo lokushisa nokuphakama. Uninzi lwepaki lusempilweni yee-2 000 zeemitha, kodwa lihluka ukusuka kwisi-145 (unxweme lolwandle lwaseCaribbean) ukuya ku-3549 (phezulu kweCroro Kamuk) kwiimitha ezingaphezu kwezinga elwandle. Ngokumalunga nesimo sezulu, icala lePacific liye linyuka (kwezinye iindawo ngokubaluleka) kunecala laseCaribbean. Iinyanga ezinzima kakhulu ziMatshi noFebruwari.
Abakhenkethi baseLa Amistad bakhangwa yi-rafting ecaleni komlambo, bebukele izilwanyana, bazi i nkcubeko kunye neenkcubeko zabemi base-Aborigines. Unokujikeleza epakini ngehashe okanye ngeenyawo kwaye kuphela kunye nekhokelo elibonelelekileyo.
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